Microglial regional heterogeneity and its role in the brain
Microglia have been recently shown to manifest a very interesting phenotypical heterogeneity across different regions in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). However, the underlying mechanism and functional meaning of this phenomenon are currently unclear. Baseline diversities of adult microg...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Molecular psychiatry 2020-02, Vol.25 (2), p.351-367 |
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| creator | Tan, Yun-Long Yuan, Yi Tian, Li |
| description | Microglia have been recently shown to manifest a very interesting phenotypical heterogeneity across different regions in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). However, the underlying mechanism and functional meaning of this phenomenon are currently unclear. Baseline diversities of adult microglia in their cell number, cellular and subcellular structures, molecular signature as well as relevant functions have been discovered. But recent transcriptomic studies using bulk RNAseq and single-cell RNAseq have produced conflicting results on region-specific signatures of microglia. It is highly speculative whether such spatial heterogeneity contributes to varying sensitivities of individual microglia to the same physiological and pathological signals in different CNS regions, and hence underlie their functional relevance for CNS disease development. This review aims to thoroughly summarize up-to-date knowledge on this specific topic and provide some insights on the potential underlying mechanisms, starting from microgliogenesis. Understanding regional heterogeneity of microglia in the context of their diverse neighboring neurons and other glia may provide an important clue for future development of innovative therapies for neuropsychiatric disorders. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/s41380-019-0609-8 |
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| ispartof | Molecular psychiatry, 2020-02, Vol.25 (2), p.351-367 |
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| subjects | 631/378 692/699/476 Animals Behavioral Sciences Biological Psychology Brain - metabolism Brain - physiology Brain research Cell number Cellular structure Central nervous system Central Nervous System - metabolism Central Nervous System - physiology Central Nervous System Diseases - pathology Development and progression Gene expression Heterogeneity Humans Medicine Medicine & Public Health Mental disorders Microglia Microglia - metabolism Microglia - physiology Nervous system Nervous system diseases Neuronal-glial interactions Neurons Neurosciences Pharmacotherapy Physiology Psychiatry Review Review Article RNA sequencing Spatial heterogeneity Transcriptome Transcriptomics |
| title | Microglial regional heterogeneity and its role in the brain |
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