SOX2 protein biochemistry in stemness, reprogramming, and cancer: the PI3K/AKT/SOX2 axis and beyond
Research of the past view years expanded our understanding of the various physiological functions the cell-fate determining transcription factor SOX2 exerts in ontogenesis, reprogramming, and cancer. However, while scientific reports featuring novel and exciting aspects of SOX2-driven biology are pu...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Oncogene 2020-01, Vol.39 (2), p.278-292 |
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| creator | Schaefer, Thorsten Lengerke, Claudia |
| description | Research of the past view years expanded our understanding of the various physiological functions the cell-fate determining transcription factor SOX2 exerts in ontogenesis, reprogramming, and cancer. However, while scientific reports featuring novel and exciting aspects of SOX2-driven biology are published in near weekly routine, investigations in the underlying protein-biochemical processes that transiently tailor SOX2 activity to situational demand are underrepresented and have not yet been comprehensively summarized. Largely unrecognizable to modern array or sequencing-based technology, various protein secondary modifications and concomitant function modulations have been reported for SOX2. The chemical modifications imposed onto SOX2 are inherently heterogeneous, comprising singular or clustered events of phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, PARPylation, and O-glycosylation that reciprocally affect each other and critically impact SOX2 functionality, often in a tissue and species-specific manner. One recurring regulatory principle though is the canonical PI3K/AKT signaling axis to which SOX2 relates in various entangled, albeit not exclusive ways. Here we provide a comprehensive review of the current knowledge on SOX2 protein modifications, their proposed relationship to the PI3K/AKT pathway, and regulatory influence on SOX2 with regards to stemness, reprogramming, and cancer. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/s41388-019-0997-x |
| format | Article |
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One recurring regulatory principle though is the canonical PI3K/AKT signaling axis to which SOX2 relates in various entangled, albeit not exclusive ways. 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Oncogene</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Schaefer, Thorsten</au><au>Lengerke, Claudia</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>SOX2 protein biochemistry in stemness, reprogramming, and cancer: the PI3K/AKT/SOX2 axis and beyond</atitle><jtitle>Oncogene</jtitle><stitle>Oncogene</stitle><addtitle>Oncogene</addtitle><date>2020-01-09</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>39</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>278</spage><epage>292</epage><pages>278-292</pages><issn>0950-9232</issn><eissn>1476-5594</eissn><abstract>Research of the past view years expanded our understanding of the various physiological functions the cell-fate determining transcription factor SOX2 exerts in ontogenesis, reprogramming, and cancer. However, while scientific reports featuring novel and exciting aspects of SOX2-driven biology are published in near weekly routine, investigations in the underlying protein-biochemical processes that transiently tailor SOX2 activity to situational demand are underrepresented and have not yet been comprehensively summarized. Largely unrecognizable to modern array or sequencing-based technology, various protein secondary modifications and concomitant function modulations have been reported for SOX2. The chemical modifications imposed onto SOX2 are inherently heterogeneous, comprising singular or clustered events of phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, PARPylation, and O-glycosylation that reciprocally affect each other and critically impact SOX2 functionality, often in a tissue and species-specific manner. One recurring regulatory principle though is the canonical PI3K/AKT signaling axis to which SOX2 relates in various entangled, albeit not exclusive ways. Here we provide a comprehensive review of the current knowledge on SOX2 protein modifications, their proposed relationship to the PI3K/AKT pathway, and regulatory influence on SOX2 with regards to stemness, reprogramming, and cancer.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>31477842</pmid><doi>10.1038/s41388-019-0997-x</doi><tpages>15</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5442-2805</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | 1-Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase 631/532 631/80/458 Acetylation AKT protein Apoptosis Biochemistry Cancer Cell Biology Cell Proliferation - genetics Cellular Reprogramming Development and progression Elafin - genetics Fulvestrant Glycosylation Human Genetics Humans Internal Medicine Medicine Medicine & Public Health Methylation Neoplasms - genetics Neoplasms - pathology Neoplastic Stem Cells - metabolism Neoplastic Stem Cells - pathology Oncogene Protein v-akt - genetics Oncology Phosphorylation Protein Processing, Post-Translational - genetics Proteins Review Review Article Signal Transduction - genetics Sox2 protein SOXB1 Transcription Factors - genetics SUMO protein Ubiquitination |
| title | SOX2 protein biochemistry in stemness, reprogramming, and cancer: the PI3K/AKT/SOX2 axis and beyond |
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