Inactivation of Bacillus Spores in Wash Waters Using Dilute Chlorine Bleach Solutions at Different Temperatures and pH Levels
Inactivation of Bacillus globigii spores in wash water was studied to simulate chlorine inactivation of Bacillus anthracis spores in water generated during biological cleanups. Eight waters were studied, with six containing detergent. Chlorine levels were approximately 3000 mg/L. Results across diff...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Water environment research 2018-02, Vol.90 (2), p.110-121 |
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| creator | Gallardo, Vicente J. Schupp, Donald A. Heckman, John L. Krishnan, E. Radha Rice, Eugene W. |
| description | Inactivation of Bacillus globigii spores in wash water was studied to simulate chlorine inactivation of Bacillus anthracis spores in water generated during biological cleanups. Eight waters were studied, with six containing detergent. Chlorine levels were approximately 3000 mg/L. Results across different waters showed decreasing inactivation with increasing pH. Inactivation did not appear to be influenced by chemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, turbidity, or dissolved solids. Inactivation efficacy was expressed as the time calculated to yield 6 logio inactivation at 3000 mg NaOCl/L. This time ranged from 5 to 51 minutes at ~21 °C and from 11 to 209 minutes at ~5 °C. For one wash water, inactivation was conducted when there was no pH adjustment, and when the pH was buffered at 7 and 8. Inactivation in these buffered waters was rapid, but inactivation decreased sharply at a pH above ~9.3. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2175/106143017X14902968254719 |
| format | Article |
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Radha ; Rice, Eugene W.</creator><creatorcontrib>Gallardo, Vicente J. ; Schupp, Donald A. ; Heckman, John L. ; Krishnan, E. Radha ; Rice, Eugene W.</creatorcontrib><description>Inactivation of Bacillus globigii spores in wash water was studied to simulate chlorine inactivation of Bacillus anthracis spores in water generated during biological cleanups. Eight waters were studied, with six containing detergent. Chlorine levels were approximately 3000 mg/L. Results across different waters showed decreasing inactivation with increasing pH. Inactivation did not appear to be influenced by chemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, turbidity, or dissolved solids. Inactivation efficacy was expressed as the time calculated to yield 6 logio inactivation at 3000 mg NaOCl/L. This time ranged from 5 to 51 minutes at ~21 °C and from 11 to 209 minutes at ~5 °C. For one wash water, inactivation was conducted when there was no pH adjustment, and when the pH was buffered at 7 and 8. 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Radha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rice, Eugene W.</creatorcontrib><title>Inactivation of Bacillus Spores in Wash Waters Using Dilute Chlorine Bleach Solutions at Different Temperatures and pH Levels</title><title>Water environment research</title><addtitle>Water Environ Res</addtitle><description>Inactivation of Bacillus globigii spores in wash water was studied to simulate chlorine inactivation of Bacillus anthracis spores in water generated during biological cleanups. Eight waters were studied, with six containing detergent. Chlorine levels were approximately 3000 mg/L. Results across different waters showed decreasing inactivation with increasing pH. Inactivation did not appear to be influenced by chemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, turbidity, or dissolved solids. Inactivation efficacy was expressed as the time calculated to yield 6 logio inactivation at 3000 mg NaOCl/L. This time ranged from 5 to 51 minutes at ~21 °C and from 11 to 209 minutes at ~5 °C. For one wash water, inactivation was conducted when there was no pH adjustment, and when the pH was buffered at 7 and 8. Inactivation in these buffered waters was rapid, but inactivation decreased sharply at a pH above ~9.3.</description><subject>anthrax</subject><subject>Bacillus</subject><subject>Bacillus - physiology</subject><subject>Bacillus subtilis</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>bleach</subject><subject>Bleaches</subject><subject>Bleaching</subject><subject>Buffers</subject><subject>Chemical oxygen demand</subject><subject>Chlorine</subject><subject>Deactivation</subject><subject>Detergents</subject><subject>Dilution</subject><subject>Disinfectants</subject><subject>Dissolved solids</subject><subject>Hydrogen ions</subject><subject>hypochlorite</subject><subject>Inactivation</subject><subject>pH effects</subject><subject>Solutions</subject><subject>Spores</subject><subject>Spores, Bacterial</subject><subject>Suspended particulate matter</subject><subject>Suspended solids</subject><subject>Temperature</subject><subject>Turbidity</subject><subject>Wash water</subject><subject>Waste Disposal, Fluid - methods</subject><subject>Waste Water - microbiology</subject><subject>wastewater</subject><subject>Water Microbiology</subject><subject>Water temperature</subject><subject>Water treatment</subject><subject>Yield</subject><issn>1061-4303</issn><issn>1554-7531</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kUFv1DAQhSMEoqXwE0CWOAdmHNuJDyDRpdBKKyHRVuVmeZ1J16tsHOxkUQ_8d1y2rODAxbY837x59isKhvCGYy3fIigUFWD9DYUGrlXDpahRPyqOUUpR1rLCx_mcsTJz1VHxLKUNAHIO4mlxxBsllKzhuPh5MVg3-Z2dfBhY6Nipdb7v58QuxxApMT-wG5vWeZkoJnad_HDLPvp-nogt1n2IfiB22pN1a3YZ8nXWScxOmek6ijRM7Iq2I0U7zfd6dmjZeM6WtKM-PS-edLZP9OJhPymuP51dLc7L5ZfPF4sPy9JJ5FAKYblqCKAVK4eSXE2tohXvqgZcI2sNylmUFZHqlNOybSytQAEK1TiNUJ0U7_e647zaUuuyq2h7M0a_tfHOBOvNv5XBr81t2BmlRTZQZYHXDwIxfJ8pTWYT5jhkz4ZDDkDnVDBTr_4ec9D_890ZeLcHfvie7g51BHMfq_lfrObm7Cvg73e83Pdv0hTioV9IQI2qrn4BUnef3A</recordid><startdate>201802</startdate><enddate>201802</enddate><creator>Gallardo, Vicente J.</creator><creator>Schupp, Donald A.</creator><creator>Heckman, John L.</creator><creator>Krishnan, E. Radha</creator><creator>Rice, Eugene W.</creator><general>THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION</general><general>Water Environment Federation</general><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201802</creationdate><title>Inactivation of Bacillus Spores in Wash Waters Using Dilute Chlorine Bleach Solutions at Different Temperatures and pH Levels</title><author>Gallardo, Vicente J. ; Schupp, Donald A. ; Heckman, John L. ; Krishnan, E. Radha ; Rice, Eugene W.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5120-44a268e00d4bc15ec7ed6eb2f380c857906ca153ee6f6c95d8aeb0601468c9103</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>anthrax</topic><topic>Bacillus</topic><topic>Bacillus - physiology</topic><topic>Bacillus subtilis</topic><topic>Bacteria</topic><topic>bleach</topic><topic>Bleaches</topic><topic>Bleaching</topic><topic>Buffers</topic><topic>Chemical oxygen demand</topic><topic>Chlorine</topic><topic>Deactivation</topic><topic>Detergents</topic><topic>Dilution</topic><topic>Disinfectants</topic><topic>Dissolved solids</topic><topic>Hydrogen ions</topic><topic>hypochlorite</topic><topic>Inactivation</topic><topic>pH effects</topic><topic>Solutions</topic><topic>Spores</topic><topic>Spores, Bacterial</topic><topic>Suspended particulate matter</topic><topic>Suspended solids</topic><topic>Temperature</topic><topic>Turbidity</topic><topic>Wash water</topic><topic>Waste Disposal, Fluid - methods</topic><topic>Waste Water - microbiology</topic><topic>wastewater</topic><topic>Water Microbiology</topic><topic>Water temperature</topic><topic>Water treatment</topic><topic>Yield</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Gallardo, Vicente J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schupp, Donald A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heckman, John L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Krishnan, E. 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Radha</au><au>Rice, Eugene W.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Inactivation of Bacillus Spores in Wash Waters Using Dilute Chlorine Bleach Solutions at Different Temperatures and pH Levels</atitle><jtitle>Water environment research</jtitle><addtitle>Water Environ Res</addtitle><date>2018-02</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>90</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>110</spage><epage>121</epage><pages>110-121</pages><issn>1061-4303</issn><eissn>1554-7531</eissn><abstract>Inactivation of Bacillus globigii spores in wash water was studied to simulate chlorine inactivation of Bacillus anthracis spores in water generated during biological cleanups. Eight waters were studied, with six containing detergent. Chlorine levels were approximately 3000 mg/L. Results across different waters showed decreasing inactivation with increasing pH. Inactivation did not appear to be influenced by chemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, turbidity, or dissolved solids. Inactivation efficacy was expressed as the time calculated to yield 6 logio inactivation at 3000 mg NaOCl/L. This time ranged from 5 to 51 minutes at ~21 °C and from 11 to 209 minutes at ~5 °C. For one wash water, inactivation was conducted when there was no pH adjustment, and when the pH was buffered at 7 and 8. Inactivation in these buffered waters was rapid, but inactivation decreased sharply at a pH above ~9.3.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION</pub><pmid>28646570</pmid><doi>10.2175/106143017X14902968254719</doi><tpages>12</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | anthrax Bacillus Bacillus - physiology Bacillus subtilis Bacteria bleach Bleaches Bleaching Buffers Chemical oxygen demand Chlorine Deactivation Detergents Dilution Disinfectants Dissolved solids Hydrogen ions hypochlorite Inactivation pH effects Solutions Spores Spores, Bacterial Suspended particulate matter Suspended solids Temperature Turbidity Wash water Waste Disposal, Fluid - methods Waste Water - microbiology wastewater Water Microbiology Water temperature Water treatment Yield |
| title | Inactivation of Bacillus Spores in Wash Waters Using Dilute Chlorine Bleach Solutions at Different Temperatures and pH Levels |
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