Replacing Soybean Meal with Urea in Diets for Heavy Fattening Lambs: Effects on Growth, Metabolic Profile and Meat Quality
Thirty-six Assaf male lambs (29.4 ± 3.10 kg body weight (BW)) were used to study the feasibility of including urea (at 0, 0.6 or 0.95% of dry matter for Control, Urea1, and Urea2 diets, respectively) in substitution of soybean meal in fattening diets. Animals were individually penned and feed intake...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Animals (Basel) 2019-11, Vol.9 (11), p.974 |
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| creator | Saro, Cristina Mateo, Javier Andrés, Sonia Mateos, Iván Ranilla, María José López, Secundino Martín, Alba Giráldez, Francisco Javier |
| description | Thirty-six Assaf male lambs (29.4 ± 3.10 kg body weight (BW)) were used to study the feasibility of including urea (at 0, 0.6 or 0.95% of dry matter for Control, Urea1, and Urea2 diets, respectively) in substitution of soybean meal in fattening diets. Animals were individually penned and feed intake was recorded daily. Blood samples were taken at days 35 and 63 of the experimental period to determine the acid-base status and the biochemical profile. At the end of the experiment (nine weeks), lambs were slaughtered, ruminal contents were collected and carcass and meat quality were evaluated. There were not differences (
> 0.05) among treatments in dry matter intake, animal performance, ruminal fermentation pattern, and carcass and meat parameters. Serum albumin concentration was higher and concentration of HCO
and total CO
in blood were lower in Urea2 compared to Urea1 and Control lambs. These results, together with the tendency to lower (
= 0.065) blood pH in this group might suggest a moderate metabolic acidosis. Partial replacement of soybean meal with urea did not impair growth rate in heavy fattening Assaf lambs (from 29 to 50 kg body weight), reduced feeding costs and had no adverse effects on feed efficiency, rumen fermentation and carcass and meat quality. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ani9110974 |
| format | Article |
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> 0.05) among treatments in dry matter intake, animal performance, ruminal fermentation pattern, and carcass and meat parameters. Serum albumin concentration was higher and concentration of HCO
and total CO
in blood were lower in Urea2 compared to Urea1 and Control lambs. These results, together with the tendency to lower (
= 0.065) blood pH in this group might suggest a moderate metabolic acidosis. Partial replacement of soybean meal with urea did not impair growth rate in heavy fattening Assaf lambs (from 29 to 50 kg body weight), reduced feeding costs and had no adverse effects on feed efficiency, rumen fermentation and carcass and meat quality.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2076-2615</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2076-2615</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ani9110974</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31739618</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Acid-base status ; Acidosis ; Agricultural economics ; Albumin ; Animal health ; Animal welfare ; Beef cattle ; Blood ; Body weight ; Carbon dioxide ; Carcasses ; Diet ; Dietary supplements ; Dry matter ; Environmental impact ; Feasibility studies ; Feed efficiency ; Feeds ; Fermentation ; Food additives ; Food and nutrition ; Growth rate ; Health aspects ; Lambs ; Legal fees ; Livestock ; Meat ; Meat quality ; Metabolic acidosis ; Metabolism ; Physiological aspects ; Proteins ; Rumen ; Rumen fermentation ; Serum albumin ; Side effects ; Soybeans ; Urea ; Vegetables ; Weight reduction</subject><ispartof>Animals (Basel), 2019-11, Vol.9 (11), p.974</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2019 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2019 by the authors. 2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c473t-ffe9bd74be3b75ee3a5a0cd32e9c0a7817530e07c5e0924195e15d6dcbe282f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c473t-ffe9bd74be3b75ee3a5a0cd32e9c0a7817530e07c5e0924195e15d6dcbe282f3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-6267-683X ; 0000-0003-4288-9867 ; 0000-0002-9764-0404 ; 0000-0002-0680-1541</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6912220/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6912220/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31739618$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Saro, Cristina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mateo, Javier</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Andrés, Sonia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mateos, Iván</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ranilla, María José</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>López, Secundino</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martín, Alba</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Giráldez, Francisco Javier</creatorcontrib><title>Replacing Soybean Meal with Urea in Diets for Heavy Fattening Lambs: Effects on Growth, Metabolic Profile and Meat Quality</title><title>Animals (Basel)</title><addtitle>Animals (Basel)</addtitle><description>Thirty-six Assaf male lambs (29.4 ± 3.10 kg body weight (BW)) were used to study the feasibility of including urea (at 0, 0.6 or 0.95% of dry matter for Control, Urea1, and Urea2 diets, respectively) in substitution of soybean meal in fattening diets. Animals were individually penned and feed intake was recorded daily. Blood samples were taken at days 35 and 63 of the experimental period to determine the acid-base status and the biochemical profile. At the end of the experiment (nine weeks), lambs were slaughtered, ruminal contents were collected and carcass and meat quality were evaluated. There were not differences (
> 0.05) among treatments in dry matter intake, animal performance, ruminal fermentation pattern, and carcass and meat parameters. Serum albumin concentration was higher and concentration of HCO
and total CO
in blood were lower in Urea2 compared to Urea1 and Control lambs. These results, together with the tendency to lower (
= 0.065) blood pH in this group might suggest a moderate metabolic acidosis. Partial replacement of soybean meal with urea did not impair growth rate in heavy fattening Assaf lambs (from 29 to 50 kg body weight), reduced feeding costs and had no adverse effects on feed efficiency, rumen fermentation and carcass and meat quality.</description><subject>Acid-base status</subject><subject>Acidosis</subject><subject>Agricultural economics</subject><subject>Albumin</subject><subject>Animal health</subject><subject>Animal welfare</subject><subject>Beef cattle</subject><subject>Blood</subject><subject>Body weight</subject><subject>Carbon dioxide</subject><subject>Carcasses</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Dietary supplements</subject><subject>Dry matter</subject><subject>Environmental impact</subject><subject>Feasibility studies</subject><subject>Feed efficiency</subject><subject>Feeds</subject><subject>Fermentation</subject><subject>Food additives</subject><subject>Food and nutrition</subject><subject>Growth rate</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Lambs</subject><subject>Legal fees</subject><subject>Livestock</subject><subject>Meat</subject><subject>Meat quality</subject><subject>Metabolic acidosis</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Rumen</subject><subject>Rumen fermentation</subject><subject>Serum albumin</subject><subject>Side effects</subject><subject>Soybeans</subject><subject>Urea</subject><subject>Vegetables</subject><subject>Weight reduction</subject><issn>2076-2615</issn><issn>2076-2615</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNptkttrFDEUhwdRbKl98Q-QgC8ibs1lMtn4UCi1F2HFW30OZzJndlNmkzXJtKx_vRlaexGThwTynS-cH6eqXjJ6IISm78E7zRjVqn5S7XKqmhlvmHz64L5T7ad0SctSUjDJnlc7gimhGzbfrX5_x80A1vkl-RG2LYInnxEGcu3yivyMCMR58tFhTqQPkZwjXG3JKeSMfqpZwLpNH8hJ36MtSPDkLIbrvHpXLBnaMDhLvsbQuwEJ-G5yZ_JthMHl7YvqWQ9Dwv3bc6-6OD25OD6fLb6cfTo-WsxsrUSeFbVuO1W3KFolEQVIoLYTHLWloOasdEWRKiuRal4zLZHJrulsi3zOe7FXHd5oN2O7xs6izxEGs4luDXFrAjjz-MW7lVmGK9NoxjmnRfDmVhDDrxFTNmuXLA4DeAxjMryEqpWoa13Q1_-gl2GMvnRnuKyl5pTO1T21hAGN830o_9pJao4aphrOmOSFOvgPVXaHa2eDxynUxwVvbwpsDClF7O96ZNRMs2LuZ6XArx6mcof-nQzxB2q7uJ0</recordid><startdate>20191114</startdate><enddate>20191114</enddate><creator>Saro, Cristina</creator><creator>Mateo, Javier</creator><creator>Andrés, Sonia</creator><creator>Mateos, Iván</creator><creator>Ranilla, María José</creator><creator>López, Secundino</creator><creator>Martín, Alba</creator><creator>Giráldez, Francisco Javier</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6267-683X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4288-9867</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9764-0404</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0680-1541</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20191114</creationdate><title>Replacing Soybean Meal with Urea in Diets for Heavy Fattening Lambs: Effects on Growth, Metabolic Profile and Meat Quality</title><author>Saro, Cristina ; Mateo, Javier ; Andrés, Sonia ; Mateos, Iván ; Ranilla, María José ; López, Secundino ; Martín, Alba ; Giráldez, Francisco Javier</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c473t-ffe9bd74be3b75ee3a5a0cd32e9c0a7817530e07c5e0924195e15d6dcbe282f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Acid-base status</topic><topic>Acidosis</topic><topic>Agricultural economics</topic><topic>Albumin</topic><topic>Animal health</topic><topic>Animal welfare</topic><topic>Beef cattle</topic><topic>Blood</topic><topic>Body weight</topic><topic>Carbon dioxide</topic><topic>Carcasses</topic><topic>Diet</topic><topic>Dietary supplements</topic><topic>Dry matter</topic><topic>Environmental impact</topic><topic>Feasibility studies</topic><topic>Feed efficiency</topic><topic>Feeds</topic><topic>Fermentation</topic><topic>Food additives</topic><topic>Food and nutrition</topic><topic>Growth rate</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Lambs</topic><topic>Legal fees</topic><topic>Livestock</topic><topic>Meat</topic><topic>Meat quality</topic><topic>Metabolic acidosis</topic><topic>Metabolism</topic><topic>Physiological aspects</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Rumen</topic><topic>Rumen fermentation</topic><topic>Serum albumin</topic><topic>Side effects</topic><topic>Soybeans</topic><topic>Urea</topic><topic>Vegetables</topic><topic>Weight reduction</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Saro, Cristina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mateo, Javier</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Andrés, Sonia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mateos, Iván</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ranilla, María José</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>López, Secundino</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martín, Alba</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Giráldez, Francisco Javier</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Animals (Basel)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Saro, Cristina</au><au>Mateo, Javier</au><au>Andrés, Sonia</au><au>Mateos, Iván</au><au>Ranilla, María José</au><au>López, Secundino</au><au>Martín, Alba</au><au>Giráldez, Francisco Javier</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Replacing Soybean Meal with Urea in Diets for Heavy Fattening Lambs: Effects on Growth, Metabolic Profile and Meat Quality</atitle><jtitle>Animals (Basel)</jtitle><addtitle>Animals (Basel)</addtitle><date>2019-11-14</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>974</spage><pages>974-</pages><issn>2076-2615</issn><eissn>2076-2615</eissn><abstract>Thirty-six Assaf male lambs (29.4 ± 3.10 kg body weight (BW)) were used to study the feasibility of including urea (at 0, 0.6 or 0.95% of dry matter for Control, Urea1, and Urea2 diets, respectively) in substitution of soybean meal in fattening diets. Animals were individually penned and feed intake was recorded daily. Blood samples were taken at days 35 and 63 of the experimental period to determine the acid-base status and the biochemical profile. At the end of the experiment (nine weeks), lambs were slaughtered, ruminal contents were collected and carcass and meat quality were evaluated. There were not differences (
> 0.05) among treatments in dry matter intake, animal performance, ruminal fermentation pattern, and carcass and meat parameters. Serum albumin concentration was higher and concentration of HCO
and total CO
in blood were lower in Urea2 compared to Urea1 and Control lambs. These results, together with the tendency to lower (
= 0.065) blood pH in this group might suggest a moderate metabolic acidosis. Partial replacement of soybean meal with urea did not impair growth rate in heavy fattening Assaf lambs (from 29 to 50 kg body weight), reduced feeding costs and had no adverse effects on feed efficiency, rumen fermentation and carcass and meat quality.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>31739618</pmid><doi>10.3390/ani9110974</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6267-683X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4288-9867</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9764-0404</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0680-1541</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Acid-base status Acidosis Agricultural economics Albumin Animal health Animal welfare Beef cattle Blood Body weight Carbon dioxide Carcasses Diet Dietary supplements Dry matter Environmental impact Feasibility studies Feed efficiency Feeds Fermentation Food additives Food and nutrition Growth rate Health aspects Lambs Legal fees Livestock Meat Meat quality Metabolic acidosis Metabolism Physiological aspects Proteins Rumen Rumen fermentation Serum albumin Side effects Soybeans Urea Vegetables Weight reduction |
| title | Replacing Soybean Meal with Urea in Diets for Heavy Fattening Lambs: Effects on Growth, Metabolic Profile and Meat Quality |
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