Host genetics and geography influence microbiome composition in the sponge Ircinia campana

Marine sponges are hosts to large, diverse communities of microorganisms. These microbiomes are distinct among sponge species and from seawater bacterial communities, indicating a key role of host identity in shaping its resident microbial community. However, the factors governing intraspecific micr...

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Veröffentlicht in:The Journal of animal ecology 2019-11, Vol.88 (11), p.1684-1695
Hauptverfasser: Griffiths, Sarah M., Antwis, Rachael E., Lenzi, Luca, Lucaci, Anita, Behringer, Donald C., Butler, Mark J., Preziosi, Richard F., Tate, Ann
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container_end_page 1695
container_issue 11
container_start_page 1684
container_title The Journal of animal ecology
container_volume 88
creator Griffiths, Sarah M.
Antwis, Rachael E.
Lenzi, Luca
Lucaci, Anita
Behringer, Donald C.
Butler, Mark J.
Preziosi, Richard F.
Tate, Ann
description Marine sponges are hosts to large, diverse communities of microorganisms. These microbiomes are distinct among sponge species and from seawater bacterial communities, indicating a key role of host identity in shaping its resident microbial community. However, the factors governing intraspecific microbiome variability are underexplored and may shed light on the evolutionary and ecological relationships between host and microbiome. Here, we examined the influence of genetic variation and geographic location on the composition of the Ircinia campana microbiome. We developed new microsatellite markers to genotype I. campana from two locations in the Florida Keys, USA, and characterized their microbiomes using V4 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. We show that microbial community composition and diversity is influenced by host genotype, with more genetically similar sponges hosting more similar microbial communities. We also found that although I. campana was not genetically differentiated between sites, microbiome composition differed by location. Our results demonstrate that both host genetics and geography influence the composition of the sponge microbiome. Host genotypic influence on microbiome composition may be due to stable vertical transmission of the microbial community from parent to offspring, making microbiomes more similar by descent. Alternatively, sponge genotypic variation may reflect variation in functional traits that influence the acquisition of environmental microbes. This study reveals drivers of microbiome variation within and among locations, and shows the importance of intraspecific variability in mediating eco‐evolutionary dynamics of host‐associated microbiomes. For the first time, the authors show that intraspecific genetic variation affects microbiome composition in a marine sponge (Ircinia campana), with positive correlations observed between genetic and microbiome similarity. This has significant implications for our understanding of the ecological and evolutionary relationships between host and microbiome in this important model system.
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subjects Animals
bacteria
Communities
Community composition
Composition
core microbiome
Ecological effects
eco‐evolutionary dynamics
Florida
Genetic diversity
Genetic markers
Genetics
Genotypes
Geographical locations
Geography
host–microbe interactions
Ircinia campana
Marine microorganisms
Microbial activity
Microbiomes
Microbiota
Microorganisms
Microsatellites
Molecular Ecology
Offspring
Phylogeny
Porifera
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
rRNA 16S
Seawater
Sponges
title Host genetics and geography influence microbiome composition in the sponge Ircinia campana
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