Phase lag index: Assessment of functional connectivity from multi channel EEG and MEG with diminished bias from common sources
Objective: To address the problem of volume conduction and active reference electrodes in the assessment of functional connectivity, we propose a novel measure to quantify phase synchronization, the phase lag index (PLI), and compare its performance to the well‐known phase coherence (PC), and to the...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Human brain mapping 2007-11, Vol.28 (11), p.1178-1193 |
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| creator | Stam, Cornelis J. Nolte, Guido Daffertshofer, Andreas |
| description | Objective:
To address the problem of volume conduction and active reference electrodes in the assessment of functional connectivity, we propose a novel measure to quantify phase synchronization, the phase lag index (PLI), and compare its performance to the well‐known phase coherence (PC), and to the imaginary component of coherency (IC).
Methods:
The PLI is a measure of the asymmetry of the distribution of phase differences between two signals. The performance of PLI, PC, and IC was examined in (i) a model of 64 globally coupled oscillators, (ii) an EEG with an absence seizure, (iii) an EEG data set of 15 Alzheimer patients and 13 control subjects, and (iv) two MEG data sets.
Results:
PLI and PC were more sensitive than IC to increasing levels of true synchronization in the model. PC and IC were influenced stronger than PLI by spurious correlations because of common sources. All measures detected changes in synchronization during the absence seizure. In contrast to PC, PLI and IC were barely changed by the choice of different montages. PLI and IC were superior to PC in detecting changes in beta band connectivity in AD patients. Finally, PLI and IC revealed a different spatial pattern of functional connectivity in MEG data than PC.
Conclusion:
The PLI performed at least as well as the PC in detecting true changes in synchronization in model and real data but, at the same token and like‐wise the IC, it was much less affected by the influence of common sources and active reference electrodes. Hum Brain Mapp 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/hbm.20346 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_6871367</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>20467174</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5126-a87776ed83cc0937404aa34172c843b1225b9a71621fd3c87aee8931c65cd4a63</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkctu1DAUhiMEohdY8ALIG5BYpLVjx05YVCrVdIrUAgsQiI11xnEagy_FTtrOps-OS4YWFojVsXW-_9z-onhG8B7BuNofVm6vwpTxB8U2wa0oMWnpw9s3r8uWCbJV7KT0DWNCakweF1tEVJwTLLaLmw8DJI0snCPjO339Gh2mpFNy2o8o9KifvBpN8GCRCt7r_Lk04xr1MTjkJjsapAbICYsWiyUC36GzHK_MOKDOOONNGnSHVgbSrFHBueBRClNUOj0pHvVgk366ibvFp-PFx6OT8vT98u3R4WmpalLxEhohBNddQ5XCLRUMMwDK8hqqYXRFqqpetSAIr0jfUdUI0LppKVG8Vh0DTneLg7nuxbRyulN5uwhWXkTjIK5lACP_zngzyPNwKXkjCOUiF3i5KRDDj0mnUTqTlLYWvA5TyhzDNW7r_4IVZlwQwTL4agZVDClF3d9NQ7C8tVVmW-UvWzP7_M_x78mNjxl4sQEgKbB9BK9Muuda0rKmaTK3P3NXxur1vzvKkzdnv1uXs8KkUV_fKSB-l_ksopaf3y2l-CqOMf6CZUV_AqrEyV4</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>20467174</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Phase lag index: Assessment of functional connectivity from multi channel EEG and MEG with diminished bias from common sources</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>Wiley Online Library All Journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><creator>Stam, Cornelis J. ; Nolte, Guido ; Daffertshofer, Andreas</creator><creatorcontrib>Stam, Cornelis J. ; Nolte, Guido ; Daffertshofer, Andreas</creatorcontrib><description>Objective:
To address the problem of volume conduction and active reference electrodes in the assessment of functional connectivity, we propose a novel measure to quantify phase synchronization, the phase lag index (PLI), and compare its performance to the well‐known phase coherence (PC), and to the imaginary component of coherency (IC).
Methods:
The PLI is a measure of the asymmetry of the distribution of phase differences between two signals. The performance of PLI, PC, and IC was examined in (i) a model of 64 globally coupled oscillators, (ii) an EEG with an absence seizure, (iii) an EEG data set of 15 Alzheimer patients and 13 control subjects, and (iv) two MEG data sets.
Results:
PLI and PC were more sensitive than IC to increasing levels of true synchronization in the model. PC and IC were influenced stronger than PLI by spurious correlations because of common sources. All measures detected changes in synchronization during the absence seizure. In contrast to PC, PLI and IC were barely changed by the choice of different montages. PLI and IC were superior to PC in detecting changes in beta band connectivity in AD patients. Finally, PLI and IC revealed a different spatial pattern of functional connectivity in MEG data than PC.
Conclusion:
The PLI performed at least as well as the PC in detecting true changes in synchronization in model and real data but, at the same token and like‐wise the IC, it was much less affected by the influence of common sources and active reference electrodes. Hum Brain Mapp 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1065-9471</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1097-0193</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20346</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17266107</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hoboken: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><subject>absence seizure ; Aged ; Algorithms ; Alzheimer Disease - diagnosis ; Alzheimer Disease - physiopathology ; Alzheimer's disease ; Biological and medical sciences ; Brain - physiology ; Brain Mapping - methods ; coherence ; Computer Simulation ; Cortical Synchronization ; EEG ; Electrodiagnosis. Electric activity recording ; Electroencephalography - methods ; Epilepsy, Absence - diagnosis ; Epilepsy, Absence - physiopathology ; Evoked Potentials - physiology ; Female ; functional connectivity ; Humans ; Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects) ; Magnetoencephalography - methods ; Male ; Medical sciences ; MEG ; Middle Aged ; Models, Neurological ; Nervous system ; Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes) ; Nervous system as a whole ; Neural Pathways - physiology ; Neurology ; phase lag index ; phase synchronization ; Radiodiagnosis. Nmr imagery. Nmr spectrometry ; Reaction Time - physiology ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Time Factors ; volume conduction</subject><ispartof>Human brain mapping, 2007-11, Vol.28 (11), p.1178-1193</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</rights><rights>2007 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5126-a87776ed83cc0937404aa34172c843b1225b9a71621fd3c87aee8931c65cd4a63</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5126-a87776ed83cc0937404aa34172c843b1225b9a71621fd3c87aee8931c65cd4a63</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6871367/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6871367/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,1416,27922,27923,45572,45573,53789,53791</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=19194888$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17266107$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Stam, Cornelis J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nolte, Guido</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Daffertshofer, Andreas</creatorcontrib><title>Phase lag index: Assessment of functional connectivity from multi channel EEG and MEG with diminished bias from common sources</title><title>Human brain mapping</title><addtitle>Hum. Brain Mapp</addtitle><description>Objective:
To address the problem of volume conduction and active reference electrodes in the assessment of functional connectivity, we propose a novel measure to quantify phase synchronization, the phase lag index (PLI), and compare its performance to the well‐known phase coherence (PC), and to the imaginary component of coherency (IC).
Methods:
The PLI is a measure of the asymmetry of the distribution of phase differences between two signals. The performance of PLI, PC, and IC was examined in (i) a model of 64 globally coupled oscillators, (ii) an EEG with an absence seizure, (iii) an EEG data set of 15 Alzheimer patients and 13 control subjects, and (iv) two MEG data sets.
Results:
PLI and PC were more sensitive than IC to increasing levels of true synchronization in the model. PC and IC were influenced stronger than PLI by spurious correlations because of common sources. All measures detected changes in synchronization during the absence seizure. In contrast to PC, PLI and IC were barely changed by the choice of different montages. PLI and IC were superior to PC in detecting changes in beta band connectivity in AD patients. Finally, PLI and IC revealed a different spatial pattern of functional connectivity in MEG data than PC.
Conclusion:
The PLI performed at least as well as the PC in detecting true changes in synchronization in model and real data but, at the same token and like‐wise the IC, it was much less affected by the influence of common sources and active reference electrodes. Hum Brain Mapp 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</description><subject>absence seizure</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Algorithms</subject><subject>Alzheimer Disease - diagnosis</subject><subject>Alzheimer Disease - physiopathology</subject><subject>Alzheimer's disease</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Brain - physiology</subject><subject>Brain Mapping - methods</subject><subject>coherence</subject><subject>Computer Simulation</subject><subject>Cortical Synchronization</subject><subject>EEG</subject><subject>Electrodiagnosis. Electric activity recording</subject><subject>Electroencephalography - methods</subject><subject>Epilepsy, Absence - diagnosis</subject><subject>Epilepsy, Absence - physiopathology</subject><subject>Evoked Potentials - physiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>functional connectivity</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects)</subject><subject>Magnetoencephalography - methods</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>MEG</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Models, Neurological</subject><subject>Nervous system</subject><subject>Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes)</subject><subject>Nervous system as a whole</subject><subject>Neural Pathways - physiology</subject><subject>Neurology</subject><subject>phase lag index</subject><subject>phase synchronization</subject><subject>Radiodiagnosis. Nmr imagery. Nmr spectrometry</subject><subject>Reaction Time - physiology</subject><subject>Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>volume conduction</subject><issn>1065-9471</issn><issn>1097-0193</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkctu1DAUhiMEohdY8ALIG5BYpLVjx05YVCrVdIrUAgsQiI11xnEagy_FTtrOps-OS4YWFojVsXW-_9z-onhG8B7BuNofVm6vwpTxB8U2wa0oMWnpw9s3r8uWCbJV7KT0DWNCakweF1tEVJwTLLaLmw8DJI0snCPjO339Gh2mpFNy2o8o9KifvBpN8GCRCt7r_Lk04xr1MTjkJjsapAbICYsWiyUC36GzHK_MOKDOOONNGnSHVgbSrFHBueBRClNUOj0pHvVgk366ibvFp-PFx6OT8vT98u3R4WmpalLxEhohBNddQ5XCLRUMMwDK8hqqYXRFqqpetSAIr0jfUdUI0LppKVG8Vh0DTneLg7nuxbRyulN5uwhWXkTjIK5lACP_zngzyPNwKXkjCOUiF3i5KRDDj0mnUTqTlLYWvA5TyhzDNW7r_4IVZlwQwTL4agZVDClF3d9NQ7C8tVVmW-UvWzP7_M_x78mNjxl4sQEgKbB9BK9Muuda0rKmaTK3P3NXxur1vzvKkzdnv1uXs8KkUV_fKSB-l_ksopaf3y2l-CqOMf6CZUV_AqrEyV4</recordid><startdate>200711</startdate><enddate>200711</enddate><creator>Stam, Cornelis J.</creator><creator>Nolte, Guido</creator><creator>Daffertshofer, Andreas</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</general><general>Wiley-Liss</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200711</creationdate><title>Phase lag index: Assessment of functional connectivity from multi channel EEG and MEG with diminished bias from common sources</title><author>Stam, Cornelis J. ; Nolte, Guido ; Daffertshofer, Andreas</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5126-a87776ed83cc0937404aa34172c843b1225b9a71621fd3c87aee8931c65cd4a63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2007</creationdate><topic>absence seizure</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Algorithms</topic><topic>Alzheimer Disease - diagnosis</topic><topic>Alzheimer Disease - physiopathology</topic><topic>Alzheimer's disease</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Brain - physiology</topic><topic>Brain Mapping - methods</topic><topic>coherence</topic><topic>Computer Simulation</topic><topic>Cortical Synchronization</topic><topic>EEG</topic><topic>Electrodiagnosis. Electric activity recording</topic><topic>Electroencephalography - methods</topic><topic>Epilepsy, Absence - diagnosis</topic><topic>Epilepsy, Absence - physiopathology</topic><topic>Evoked Potentials - physiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>functional connectivity</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects)</topic><topic>Magnetoencephalography - methods</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>MEG</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Models, Neurological</topic><topic>Nervous system</topic><topic>Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes)</topic><topic>Nervous system as a whole</topic><topic>Neural Pathways - physiology</topic><topic>Neurology</topic><topic>phase lag index</topic><topic>phase synchronization</topic><topic>Radiodiagnosis. Nmr imagery. Nmr spectrometry</topic><topic>Reaction Time - physiology</topic><topic>Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>volume conduction</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Stam, Cornelis J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nolte, Guido</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Daffertshofer, Andreas</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Human brain mapping</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Stam, Cornelis J.</au><au>Nolte, Guido</au><au>Daffertshofer, Andreas</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Phase lag index: Assessment of functional connectivity from multi channel EEG and MEG with diminished bias from common sources</atitle><jtitle>Human brain mapping</jtitle><addtitle>Hum. Brain Mapp</addtitle><date>2007-11</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>28</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>1178</spage><epage>1193</epage><pages>1178-1193</pages><issn>1065-9471</issn><eissn>1097-0193</eissn><abstract>Objective:
To address the problem of volume conduction and active reference electrodes in the assessment of functional connectivity, we propose a novel measure to quantify phase synchronization, the phase lag index (PLI), and compare its performance to the well‐known phase coherence (PC), and to the imaginary component of coherency (IC).
Methods:
The PLI is a measure of the asymmetry of the distribution of phase differences between two signals. The performance of PLI, PC, and IC was examined in (i) a model of 64 globally coupled oscillators, (ii) an EEG with an absence seizure, (iii) an EEG data set of 15 Alzheimer patients and 13 control subjects, and (iv) two MEG data sets.
Results:
PLI and PC were more sensitive than IC to increasing levels of true synchronization in the model. PC and IC were influenced stronger than PLI by spurious correlations because of common sources. All measures detected changes in synchronization during the absence seizure. In contrast to PC, PLI and IC were barely changed by the choice of different montages. PLI and IC were superior to PC in detecting changes in beta band connectivity in AD patients. Finally, PLI and IC revealed a different spatial pattern of functional connectivity in MEG data than PC.
Conclusion:
The PLI performed at least as well as the PC in detecting true changes in synchronization in model and real data but, at the same token and like‐wise the IC, it was much less affected by the influence of common sources and active reference electrodes. Hum Brain Mapp 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</abstract><cop>Hoboken</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</pub><pmid>17266107</pmid><doi>10.1002/hbm.20346</doi><tpages>16</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Wiley Online Library All Journals; PubMed Central |
| subjects | absence seizure Aged Algorithms Alzheimer Disease - diagnosis Alzheimer Disease - physiopathology Alzheimer's disease Biological and medical sciences Brain - physiology Brain Mapping - methods coherence Computer Simulation Cortical Synchronization EEG Electrodiagnosis. Electric activity recording Electroencephalography - methods Epilepsy, Absence - diagnosis Epilepsy, Absence - physiopathology Evoked Potentials - physiology Female functional connectivity Humans Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects) Magnetoencephalography - methods Male Medical sciences MEG Middle Aged Models, Neurological Nervous system Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes) Nervous system as a whole Neural Pathways - physiology Neurology phase lag index phase synchronization Radiodiagnosis. Nmr imagery. Nmr spectrometry Reaction Time - physiology Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted Time Factors volume conduction |
| title | Phase lag index: Assessment of functional connectivity from multi channel EEG and MEG with diminished bias from common sources |
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