Global imprint of mycorrhizal fungi on whole-plant nutrient economics
Mycorrhizal fungi are critical members of the plant microbiome, forming a symbiosis with the roots of most plants on Earth. Most plant species partner with either arbuscular or ectomycorrhizal fungi, and these symbioses are thought to represent plant adaptations to fast and slow soil nutrient cyclin...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2019-11, Vol.116 (46), p.23163-23168 |
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creator | Averill, Colin Bhatnagar, Jennifer M. Dietze, Michael C. Pearse, William D. Kivlin, Stephanie N. |
description | Mycorrhizal fungi are critical members of the plant microbiome, forming a symbiosis with the roots of most plants on Earth. Most plant species partner with either arbuscular or ectomycorrhizal fungi, and these symbioses are thought to represent plant adaptations to fast and slow soil nutrient cycling rates. This generates a second hypothesis, that arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal plant species traits complement and reinforce these fungal strategies, resulting in nutrient acquisitive vs. conservative plant trait profiles. Here we analyzed 17,764 species level trait observations from 2,940 woody plant species to show that mycorrhizal plants differ systematically in nitrogen and phosphorus economic traits. Differences were clearest in temperate latitudes, where ectomycorrhizal plant species are more nitrogen use- and phosphorus use-conservative than arbuscular mycorrhizal species. This difference is reflected in both aboveground and belowground plant traits and is robust to controlling for evolutionary history, nitrogen fixation ability, deciduousness, latitude, and species climate niche. Furthermore, mycorrhizal effects are large and frequently similar to or greater in magnitude than the influence of plant nitrogen fixation ability or deciduous vs. evergreen leaf habit. Ectomycorrhizal plants are also more nitrogen conservative than arbuscular plants in boreal and tropical ecosystems, although differences in phosphorus use are less apparent outside temperate latitudes. Our findings bolster current theories of ecosystems rooted in mycorrhizal ecology and support the hypothesis that plant mycorrhizal association is linked to the evolution of plant nutrient economic strategies. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1073/pnas.1906655116 |
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Most plant species partner with either arbuscular or ectomycorrhizal fungi, and these symbioses are thought to represent plant adaptations to fast and slow soil nutrient cycling rates. This generates a second hypothesis, that arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal plant species traits complement and reinforce these fungal strategies, resulting in nutrient acquisitive vs. conservative plant trait profiles. Here we analyzed 17,764 species level trait observations from 2,940 woody plant species to show that mycorrhizal plants differ systematically in nitrogen and phosphorus economic traits. Differences were clearest in temperate latitudes, where ectomycorrhizal plant species are more nitrogen use- and phosphorus use-conservative than arbuscular mycorrhizal species. This difference is reflected in both aboveground and belowground plant traits and is robust to controlling for evolutionary history, nitrogen fixation ability, deciduousness, latitude, and species climate niche. Furthermore, mycorrhizal effects are large and frequently similar to or greater in magnitude than the influence of plant nitrogen fixation ability or deciduous vs. evergreen leaf habit. Ectomycorrhizal plants are also more nitrogen conservative than arbuscular plants in boreal and tropical ecosystems, although differences in phosphorus use are less apparent outside temperate latitudes. Our findings bolster current theories of ecosystems rooted in mycorrhizal ecology and support the hypothesis that plant mycorrhizal association is linked to the evolution of plant nutrient economic strategies.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0027-8424</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1091-6490</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1091-6490</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1906655116</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31659035</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: National Academy of Sciences</publisher><subject>Adaptation ; Arbuscular mycorrhizas ; Biological evolution ; Biological Sciences ; Climate ; Climate effects ; complement ; Economics ; Ecosystem ; Ecosystems ; ectomycorrhizae ; Ectomycorrhizas ; evolution ; Flowers & plants ; Fungi ; Hypotheses ; latitude ; leaves ; Microbiomes ; Mycorrhizae ; Niches ; Nitrogen ; Nitrogen - metabolism ; Nitrogen Fixation ; Nitrogenation ; Nutrient cycles ; Nutrients ; Phosphorus ; Phosphorus - metabolism ; phytobiome ; plant nitrogen content ; Plant species ; Plants - metabolism ; Plants - microbiology ; Robust control ; soil nutrients ; Species ; Symbiosis ; vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae ; Woody plants</subject><ispartof>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2019-11, Vol.116 (46), p.23163-23168</ispartof><rights>Copyright National Academy of Sciences Nov 12, 2019</rights><rights>2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c476t-c40cc005948a23bfbc61c0090bdc97671db901755951720b4ff2e9be87bcf7cf3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c476t-c40cc005948a23bfbc61c0090bdc97671db901755951720b4ff2e9be87bcf7cf3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-2324-2518 ; 0000-0003-4035-7760</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/26861405$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/26861405$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,799,881,27901,27902,53766,53768,57992,58225</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31659035$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Averill, Colin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bhatnagar, Jennifer M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dietze, Michael C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pearse, William D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kivlin, Stephanie N.</creatorcontrib><title>Global imprint of mycorrhizal fungi on whole-plant nutrient economics</title><title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS</title><addtitle>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</addtitle><description>Mycorrhizal fungi are critical members of the plant microbiome, forming a symbiosis with the roots of most plants on Earth. Most plant species partner with either arbuscular or ectomycorrhizal fungi, and these symbioses are thought to represent plant adaptations to fast and slow soil nutrient cycling rates. This generates a second hypothesis, that arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal plant species traits complement and reinforce these fungal strategies, resulting in nutrient acquisitive vs. conservative plant trait profiles. Here we analyzed 17,764 species level trait observations from 2,940 woody plant species to show that mycorrhizal plants differ systematically in nitrogen and phosphorus economic traits. Differences were clearest in temperate latitudes, where ectomycorrhizal plant species are more nitrogen use- and phosphorus use-conservative than arbuscular mycorrhizal species. This difference is reflected in both aboveground and belowground plant traits and is robust to controlling for evolutionary history, nitrogen fixation ability, deciduousness, latitude, and species climate niche. Furthermore, mycorrhizal effects are large and frequently similar to or greater in magnitude than the influence of plant nitrogen fixation ability or deciduous vs. evergreen leaf habit. Ectomycorrhizal plants are also more nitrogen conservative than arbuscular plants in boreal and tropical ecosystems, although differences in phosphorus use are less apparent outside temperate latitudes. Our findings bolster current theories of ecosystems rooted in mycorrhizal ecology and support the hypothesis that plant mycorrhizal association is linked to the evolution of plant nutrient economic strategies.</description><subject>Adaptation</subject><subject>Arbuscular mycorrhizas</subject><subject>Biological evolution</subject><subject>Biological Sciences</subject><subject>Climate</subject><subject>Climate effects</subject><subject>complement</subject><subject>Economics</subject><subject>Ecosystem</subject><subject>Ecosystems</subject><subject>ectomycorrhizae</subject><subject>Ectomycorrhizas</subject><subject>evolution</subject><subject>Flowers & plants</subject><subject>Fungi</subject><subject>Hypotheses</subject><subject>latitude</subject><subject>leaves</subject><subject>Microbiomes</subject><subject>Mycorrhizae</subject><subject>Niches</subject><subject>Nitrogen</subject><subject>Nitrogen - metabolism</subject><subject>Nitrogen Fixation</subject><subject>Nitrogenation</subject><subject>Nutrient cycles</subject><subject>Nutrients</subject><subject>Phosphorus</subject><subject>Phosphorus - metabolism</subject><subject>phytobiome</subject><subject>plant nitrogen content</subject><subject>Plant species</subject><subject>Plants - metabolism</subject><subject>Plants - microbiology</subject><subject>Robust control</subject><subject>soil nutrients</subject><subject>Species</subject><subject>Symbiosis</subject><subject>vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae</subject><subject>Woody plants</subject><issn>0027-8424</issn><issn>1091-6490</issn><issn>1091-6490</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkTtvFDEUhS0EIstCTQUaiYZmknv9HDdIKAoBKRIN1NbYa2e9mhkv9kxQ-PV4tWF5NLjw634-OteHkJcI5wiKXeynvpyjBimFQJSPyApBYyu5hsdkBUBV23HKz8izUnYAoEUHT8kZQyk0MLEiV9dDsv3QxHGf4zQ3KTTjvUs5b-OPeh2W6TY2aWq-b9Pg2_3QV2Za5hx93XiXpjRGV56TJ6Efin_xsK7J1w9XXy4_tjefrz9dvr9pHVdyrjM4ByA073rKbLBOYj1rsBunlVS4sRpQCaEFKgqWh0C9tr5T1gXlAluTd0fd_WJHv3HVRO4HU62Pfb43qY_m78oUt-Y23RnZCc2krAJvHwRy-rb4MpsxFueH2pdPSzFUMskpxY7-H2UIVEtWx5q8-QfdpSVP9ScOFBcUGapKXRwpl1Mp2YeTbwRzSNMc0jS_06wvXv_Z7on_FV8FXh2BXZlTPtWp7CRyEOwnjf-lQA</recordid><startdate>20191112</startdate><enddate>20191112</enddate><creator>Averill, Colin</creator><creator>Bhatnagar, Jennifer M.</creator><creator>Dietze, Michael C.</creator><creator>Pearse, William D.</creator><creator>Kivlin, Stephanie N.</creator><general>National Academy of Sciences</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7S9</scope><scope>L.6</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2324-2518</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4035-7760</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20191112</creationdate><title>Global imprint of mycorrhizal fungi on whole-plant nutrient economics</title><author>Averill, Colin ; 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Furthermore, mycorrhizal effects are large and frequently similar to or greater in magnitude than the influence of plant nitrogen fixation ability or deciduous vs. evergreen leaf habit. Ectomycorrhizal plants are also more nitrogen conservative than arbuscular plants in boreal and tropical ecosystems, although differences in phosphorus use are less apparent outside temperate latitudes. Our findings bolster current theories of ecosystems rooted in mycorrhizal ecology and support the hypothesis that plant mycorrhizal association is linked to the evolution of plant nutrient economic strategies.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>National Academy of Sciences</pub><pmid>31659035</pmid><doi>10.1073/pnas.1906655116</doi><tpages>6</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2324-2518</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4035-7760</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Adaptation Arbuscular mycorrhizas Biological evolution Biological Sciences Climate Climate effects complement Economics Ecosystem Ecosystems ectomycorrhizae Ectomycorrhizas evolution Flowers & plants Fungi Hypotheses latitude leaves Microbiomes Mycorrhizae Niches Nitrogen Nitrogen - metabolism Nitrogen Fixation Nitrogenation Nutrient cycles Nutrients Phosphorus Phosphorus - metabolism phytobiome plant nitrogen content Plant species Plants - metabolism Plants - microbiology Robust control soil nutrients Species Symbiosis vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae Woody plants |
title | Global imprint of mycorrhizal fungi on whole-plant nutrient economics |
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