Group and site differences on the California Verbal Learning Test in persons with schizophrenia and their first-degree relatives: Findings from the Consortium on the Genetics of Schizophrenia (COGS)
Abstract Genetic studies of schizophrenia focus increasingly on putative endophenotypes because their genetic etiology may be simpler than clinical diagnosis. The Consortium on the Genetics of Schizophrenia (COGS), a multisite family study, aims to identify the genetic basis of several endophenotype...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Schizophrenia research 2011-05, Vol.128 (1), p.102-110 |
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| creator | Stone, William S Giuliano, Anthony J Tsuang, Ming T Braff, David L Cadenhead, Kristin S Calkins, Monica E Dobie, Dorcas J Faraone, Stephen V Freedman, Robert Green, Michael F Greenwood, Tiffany A Gur, Raquel E Gur, Ruben C Light, Gregory A Mintz, Jim Nuechterlein, Keith H Olincy, Ann Radant, Allen D Roe, Andrea H Schork, Nicholas J Siever, Larry J Silverman, Jeremy M Swerdlow, Neal R Thomas, Alison R Tsuang, Debby W Turetsky, Bruce I Seidman, Larry J |
| description | Abstract Genetic studies of schizophrenia focus increasingly on putative endophenotypes because their genetic etiology may be simpler than clinical diagnosis. The Consortium on the Genetics of Schizophrenia (COGS), a multisite family study, aims to identify the genetic basis of several endophenotypes including verbal declarative memory (VDM), a neurocognitive function that shows robust impairment in schizophrenia. We present data on one type of measure of VDM, the California Verbal Learning Test, Second Edition (CVLT-II), in schizophrenia probands (n = 305), their full biological siblings (n = 449) and parents (n = 232), and in community comparison subjects (CCS; n = 509) across seven sites. Probands performed more poorly on each of five CVLT-II measures compared to related sibling and parent groups and CCS. Siblings and parents performed significantly worse than CCS on one measure (Discriminability), but with smaller effect sizes and less impairment than observed previously. The results raise questions about the homogeneity of VDM as an endophenotype, about methodological issues related to sampling, and about psychometric issues that impact the utility of the CVLT for detecting VDM deficits in nonpsychotic relatives of persons with schizophrenia. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.schres.2011.01.005 |
| format | Article |
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The Consortium on the Genetics of Schizophrenia (COGS), a multisite family study, aims to identify the genetic basis of several endophenotypes including verbal declarative memory (VDM), a neurocognitive function that shows robust impairment in schizophrenia. We present data on one type of measure of VDM, the California Verbal Learning Test, Second Edition (CVLT-II), in schizophrenia probands (n = 305), their full biological siblings (n = 449) and parents (n = 232), and in community comparison subjects (CCS; n = 509) across seven sites. Probands performed more poorly on each of five CVLT-II measures compared to related sibling and parent groups and CCS. Siblings and parents performed significantly worse than CCS on one measure (Discriminability), but with smaller effect sizes and less impairment than observed previously. The results raise questions about the homogeneity of VDM as an endophenotype, about methodological issues related to sampling, and about psychometric issues that impact the utility of the CVLT for detecting VDM deficits in nonpsychotic relatives of persons with schizophrenia.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0920-9964</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-2509</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2011.01.005</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21288694</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Adult ; Adult and adolescent clinical studies ; Analysis of Variance ; Biological and medical sciences ; Endophenotype ; Endophenotypes ; Female ; Humans ; Learning Disorders - etiology ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Mental Recall - physiology ; Middle Aged ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Psychiatry ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychometrics ; Psychopathology. Psychiatry ; Psychoses ; Schizophrenia ; Schizophrenia - complications ; Schizophrenia - genetics ; Siblings ; Verbal declarative memory ; Verbal Learning - physiology ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Schizophrenia research, 2011-05, Vol.128 (1), p.102-110</ispartof><rights>Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>2011 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c547t-9ebc9909c4537039a3aaac7e1c153606c3f76d71170865e90f1e40228ea2cc73</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c547t-9ebc9909c4537039a3aaac7e1c153606c3f76d71170865e90f1e40228ea2cc73</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2011.01.005$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,777,781,882,3537,27905,27906,45976</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=24166087$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21288694$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Stone, William S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Giuliano, Anthony J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tsuang, Ming T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Braff, David L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cadenhead, Kristin S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Calkins, Monica E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dobie, Dorcas J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Faraone, Stephen V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Freedman, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Green, Michael F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Greenwood, Tiffany A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gur, Raquel E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gur, Ruben C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Light, Gregory A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mintz, Jim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nuechterlein, Keith H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olincy, Ann</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Radant, Allen D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roe, Andrea H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schork, Nicholas J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Siever, Larry J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Silverman, Jeremy M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Swerdlow, Neal R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thomas, Alison R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tsuang, Debby W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Turetsky, Bruce I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Seidman, Larry J</creatorcontrib><title>Group and site differences on the California Verbal Learning Test in persons with schizophrenia and their first-degree relatives: Findings from the Consortium on the Genetics of Schizophrenia (COGS)</title><title>Schizophrenia research</title><addtitle>Schizophr Res</addtitle><description>Abstract Genetic studies of schizophrenia focus increasingly on putative endophenotypes because their genetic etiology may be simpler than clinical diagnosis. The Consortium on the Genetics of Schizophrenia (COGS), a multisite family study, aims to identify the genetic basis of several endophenotypes including verbal declarative memory (VDM), a neurocognitive function that shows robust impairment in schizophrenia. We present data on one type of measure of VDM, the California Verbal Learning Test, Second Edition (CVLT-II), in schizophrenia probands (n = 305), their full biological siblings (n = 449) and parents (n = 232), and in community comparison subjects (CCS; n = 509) across seven sites. Probands performed more poorly on each of five CVLT-II measures compared to related sibling and parent groups and CCS. Siblings and parents performed significantly worse than CCS on one measure (Discriminability), but with smaller effect sizes and less impairment than observed previously. The results raise questions about the homogeneity of VDM as an endophenotype, about methodological issues related to sampling, and about psychometric issues that impact the utility of the CVLT for detecting VDM deficits in nonpsychotic relatives of persons with schizophrenia.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</subject><subject>Analysis of Variance</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Endophenotype</subject><subject>Endophenotypes</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Learning Disorders - etiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Mental Recall - physiology</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Neuropsychological Tests</subject><subject>Psychiatric Status Rating Scales</subject><subject>Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychometrics</subject><subject>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychoses</subject><subject>Schizophrenia</subject><subject>Schizophrenia - complications</subject><subject>Schizophrenia - genetics</subject><subject>Siblings</subject><subject>Verbal declarative memory</subject><subject>Verbal Learning - physiology</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0920-9964</issn><issn>1573-2509</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFks9uEzEQxlcIREvhDRDyBQGHDeP94133gIQiGpAi9ZCIq-V4Z5MJGzvYu0HlAXkuvCQtLRckS5blb37zefwlyUsOEw5cvN9Ogtl4DJMMOJ9AXFA-Ss55WeVpVoJ8nJyDzCCVUhRnybMQtgDAS6ieJmcZz-payOI8-TXzbtgzbRsWqEfWUNuiR2swMGdZv0E21R21zlvS7Cv6le7YHHU82jVbYugZWbZHH5wN7Af1GxZt0U-3j97GkpEcKeRZSz70aYNrj8g8drqnA4ZLdkW2ibDAWu92x46R5XxPw-7Wwwwt9mSip5YtHvDfTq9ni3fPkyet7gK-OO0XyfLq03L6OZ1fz75MP85TUxZVn0pcGSlBmqLMK8ilzrXWpkJueJkLECZvK9FUnFdQixIltBwLyLIadWZMlV8kH47Y_bDaYWPQ9l53au9pp_2NcprUwxtLG7V2ByVqLmXJI-DNCeDd9yFOT-0oGOw6bdENQdWiqOpMAkRlcVQa70Lw2N514aDGAKitOgZAjQFQEBeUsezVfYd3Rbc_HgWvTwIdjO5ar62h8FdXcCGgvvdUjOM8EPrYjcZcNOTR9Kpx9D8n_wJMR5Ziz294g2HrBm_jVymuQqZALcawjlnl_E9ORf4bu9vqFg</recordid><startdate>20110501</startdate><enddate>20110501</enddate><creator>Stone, William S</creator><creator>Giuliano, Anthony J</creator><creator>Tsuang, Ming T</creator><creator>Braff, David L</creator><creator>Cadenhead, Kristin S</creator><creator>Calkins, Monica E</creator><creator>Dobie, Dorcas J</creator><creator>Faraone, Stephen V</creator><creator>Freedman, Robert</creator><creator>Green, Michael F</creator><creator>Greenwood, Tiffany A</creator><creator>Gur, Raquel E</creator><creator>Gur, Ruben C</creator><creator>Light, Gregory A</creator><creator>Mintz, Jim</creator><creator>Nuechterlein, Keith H</creator><creator>Olincy, Ann</creator><creator>Radant, Allen D</creator><creator>Roe, Andrea H</creator><creator>Schork, Nicholas J</creator><creator>Siever, Larry J</creator><creator>Silverman, Jeremy M</creator><creator>Swerdlow, Neal R</creator><creator>Thomas, Alison R</creator><creator>Tsuang, Debby W</creator><creator>Turetsky, Bruce I</creator><creator>Seidman, Larry J</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20110501</creationdate><title>Group and site differences on the California Verbal Learning Test in persons with schizophrenia and their first-degree relatives: Findings from the Consortium on the Genetics of Schizophrenia (COGS)</title><author>Stone, William S ; Giuliano, Anthony J ; Tsuang, Ming T ; Braff, David L ; Cadenhead, Kristin S ; Calkins, Monica E ; Dobie, Dorcas J ; Faraone, Stephen V ; Freedman, Robert ; Green, Michael F ; Greenwood, Tiffany A ; Gur, Raquel E ; Gur, Ruben C ; Light, Gregory A ; Mintz, Jim ; Nuechterlein, Keith H ; Olincy, Ann ; Radant, Allen D ; Roe, Andrea H ; Schork, Nicholas J ; Siever, Larry J ; Silverman, Jeremy M ; Swerdlow, Neal R ; Thomas, Alison R ; Tsuang, Debby W ; Turetsky, Bruce I ; Seidman, Larry J</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c547t-9ebc9909c4537039a3aaac7e1c153606c3f76d71170865e90f1e40228ea2cc73</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</topic><topic>Analysis of Variance</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Endophenotype</topic><topic>Endophenotypes</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Learning Disorders - etiology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Mental Recall - physiology</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Neuropsychological Tests</topic><topic>Psychiatric Status Rating Scales</topic><topic>Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychology. 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Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychoses</topic><topic>Schizophrenia</topic><topic>Schizophrenia - complications</topic><topic>Schizophrenia - genetics</topic><topic>Siblings</topic><topic>Verbal declarative memory</topic><topic>Verbal Learning - physiology</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Stone, William S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Giuliano, Anthony J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tsuang, Ming T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Braff, David L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cadenhead, Kristin S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Calkins, Monica E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dobie, Dorcas J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Faraone, Stephen V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Freedman, Robert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Green, Michael F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Greenwood, Tiffany A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gur, Raquel E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gur, Ruben C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Light, Gregory A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mintz, Jim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nuechterlein, Keith H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olincy, Ann</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Radant, Allen D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roe, Andrea H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schork, Nicholas J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Siever, Larry J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Silverman, Jeremy M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Swerdlow, Neal R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thomas, Alison R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tsuang, Debby W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Turetsky, Bruce I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Seidman, Larry J</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Schizophrenia research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Stone, William S</au><au>Giuliano, Anthony J</au><au>Tsuang, Ming T</au><au>Braff, David L</au><au>Cadenhead, Kristin S</au><au>Calkins, Monica E</au><au>Dobie, Dorcas J</au><au>Faraone, Stephen V</au><au>Freedman, Robert</au><au>Green, Michael F</au><au>Greenwood, Tiffany A</au><au>Gur, Raquel E</au><au>Gur, Ruben C</au><au>Light, Gregory A</au><au>Mintz, Jim</au><au>Nuechterlein, Keith H</au><au>Olincy, Ann</au><au>Radant, Allen D</au><au>Roe, Andrea H</au><au>Schork, Nicholas J</au><au>Siever, Larry J</au><au>Silverman, Jeremy M</au><au>Swerdlow, Neal R</au><au>Thomas, Alison R</au><au>Tsuang, Debby W</au><au>Turetsky, Bruce I</au><au>Seidman, Larry J</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Group and site differences on the California Verbal Learning Test in persons with schizophrenia and their first-degree relatives: Findings from the Consortium on the Genetics of Schizophrenia (COGS)</atitle><jtitle>Schizophrenia research</jtitle><addtitle>Schizophr Res</addtitle><date>2011-05-01</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>128</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>102</spage><epage>110</epage><pages>102-110</pages><issn>0920-9964</issn><eissn>1573-2509</eissn><abstract>Abstract Genetic studies of schizophrenia focus increasingly on putative endophenotypes because their genetic etiology may be simpler than clinical diagnosis. The Consortium on the Genetics of Schizophrenia (COGS), a multisite family study, aims to identify the genetic basis of several endophenotypes including verbal declarative memory (VDM), a neurocognitive function that shows robust impairment in schizophrenia. We present data on one type of measure of VDM, the California Verbal Learning Test, Second Edition (CVLT-II), in schizophrenia probands (n = 305), their full biological siblings (n = 449) and parents (n = 232), and in community comparison subjects (CCS; n = 509) across seven sites. Probands performed more poorly on each of five CVLT-II measures compared to related sibling and parent groups and CCS. Siblings and parents performed significantly worse than CCS on one measure (Discriminability), but with smaller effect sizes and less impairment than observed previously. 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| fulltext | fulltext |
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| ispartof | Schizophrenia research, 2011-05, Vol.128 (1), p.102-110 |
| issn | 0920-9964 1573-2509 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_6819951 |
| source | MEDLINE; ScienceDirect Journals (5 years ago - present) |
| subjects | Adult Adult and adolescent clinical studies Analysis of Variance Biological and medical sciences Endophenotype Endophenotypes Female Humans Learning Disorders - etiology Male Medical sciences Mental Recall - physiology Middle Aged Neuropsychological Tests Psychiatric Status Rating Scales Psychiatry Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychometrics Psychopathology. Psychiatry Psychoses Schizophrenia Schizophrenia - complications Schizophrenia - genetics Siblings Verbal declarative memory Verbal Learning - physiology Young Adult |
| title | Group and site differences on the California Verbal Learning Test in persons with schizophrenia and their first-degree relatives: Findings from the Consortium on the Genetics of Schizophrenia (COGS) |
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