Identification, characterization and expression profiles of Fusarium udum stress-responsive WRKY transcription factors in Cajanus cajan under the influence of NaCl stress and Pseudomonas fluorescens OKC
The WRKY gene family has never been identified in pigeonpea ( Cajanus cajan ). Therefore, objective of the present study was to identify the WRKY gene family in pigeonpea and characterize the Fusarium udum stress-responsive WRKY genes under normal, NaCl-stressed and Pseudomonas fluorescens OKC (a pl...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Scientific reports 2019-10, Vol.9 (1), p.14344-9, Article 14344 |
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| description | The WRKY gene family has never been identified in pigeonpea (
Cajanus cajan
). Therefore, objective of the present study was to identify the WRKY gene family in pigeonpea and characterize the
Fusarium udum
stress-responsive WRKY genes under normal, NaCl-stressed and
Pseudomonas fluorescens
OKC (a plant growth-promoting bacterial strain) treated conditions. The aim was to characterize the
Fusarium udum
stress
-
responsive WRKY genes under some commonly occurring field conditions. We identified 97 genes in the WRKY family of pigeonpea, using computational prediction method. The gene family was then classified into three groups through phylogenetic analysis of the homologous genes from the representative plant species. Among the 97 identified WRKY genes 35 were further classified as pathogen stress responsive genes. Functional validation of the 35 WRKY genes was done through generating transcriptional profiles of the genes from root tissues of pigeonpea plants under the influence of
P
.
fluorescens
OKC after 24 h of stress application (biotic:
Fusarium udum
, abiotic: NaCl). The entire experiment was conducted in two pigeonpea cultivars Asha (resistant to
F
.
udum
) and Bahar (susceptible to
F
.
udum
) and the results were concluded on the basis of transcriptional regulation of the WRKY genes in both the pigeonpea cultivars. The results revealed that among the 35 tentatively identified biotic stress responsive CcWRKY genes, 26 were highly
F
.
udum
responsive, 17 were better NaCl responsive compared to
F
.
udum
and 11 were dual responsive to both
F
.
udum
and NaCl. Application of OKC was able to enhance transcript accumulation of the individual CcWRKY genes to both the stresses when applied individually but not in combined challenge of the two stresses. The results thus indicated that CcWRKY genes play a vital role in the defense signaling against
F
.
udum
and some of the
F
.
udum
responsive CcWRKYs (at least 11 in pigeonpea) are also responsive to abiotic stresses such as NaCl. Further, plant beneficial microbes such as
P
.
fluorescens
OKC also help pegionpea to defend itself against the two stresses (
F
.
udum
and NaCl) through enhanced expression of the stress responsive CcWRKY genes when the stresses are applied individually. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/s41598-019-50696-x |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_6778267</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2301441531</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-63d51d60c9325ef526c0f76283feaae911babce916d50d08a954036e515199583</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9Uk1v1DAQjRCIVkv_AAdkiQsHAv6InfiChCJKq1YUIRDiZHmdSderrB3suFr4if1VOLtLKRzwYcb2e_PGI7-ieErwK4JZ8zpWhMumxESWHAspyu2D4pjiipeUUfrw3v6oOIlxjfPiVFZEPi6OGOGNwI08Lm7PO3CT7a3Rk_XuJTIrHbSZINifuxukXYdgOwaIcT6Owfd2gIh8j05T1MGmDUpdDnGaOWUOo3fR3gD6-uniG5qCdtEEO-7U-qztQ0TWoVavtUsRmTmj5DoIaFpBhvohgTMwt_ig2-GgvHvJxwip8xvvdESZ5jNgwEV0ddE-KR71eohwcsiL4svpu8_tWXl59f68fXtZmqquplKwjpNOYCMZ5dBzKgzua0Eb1oPWIAlZ6qXJWXQcd7jRkleYCeCEEyl5wxbFm73umJYb6HL7POKgxmA3OvxQXlv1N-LsSl37GyXquqGizgIvDgLBf08QJ7WxeYph0A58iooyTKr8vYxk6vN_qGufgsvjzSwsOafZDYuC7lkm-BgD9HePIVjNblF7t6jsFrVzi9rmomf3x7gr-e2NTGB7QsyQu4bwp_d_ZH8ByqDRCQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2300955210</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Identification, characterization and expression profiles of Fusarium udum stress-responsive WRKY transcription factors in Cajanus cajan under the influence of NaCl stress and Pseudomonas fluorescens OKC</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</source><source>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</source><source>Nature Free</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><source>Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry</source><creator>Kumar, Gagan ; Bajpai, Raina ; Sarkar, Ankita ; Mishra, Raj Kumar ; Kumar Gupta, Vijai ; Singh, Harikesh B. ; Sarma, Birinchi K.</creator><creatorcontrib>Kumar, Gagan ; Bajpai, Raina ; Sarkar, Ankita ; Mishra, Raj Kumar ; Kumar Gupta, Vijai ; Singh, Harikesh B. ; Sarma, Birinchi K.</creatorcontrib><description>The WRKY gene family has never been identified in pigeonpea (
Cajanus cajan
). Therefore, objective of the present study was to identify the WRKY gene family in pigeonpea and characterize the
Fusarium udum
stress-responsive WRKY genes under normal, NaCl-stressed and
Pseudomonas fluorescens
OKC (a plant growth-promoting bacterial strain) treated conditions. The aim was to characterize the
Fusarium udum
stress
-
responsive WRKY genes under some commonly occurring field conditions. We identified 97 genes in the WRKY family of pigeonpea, using computational prediction method. The gene family was then classified into three groups through phylogenetic analysis of the homologous genes from the representative plant species. Among the 97 identified WRKY genes 35 were further classified as pathogen stress responsive genes. Functional validation of the 35 WRKY genes was done through generating transcriptional profiles of the genes from root tissues of pigeonpea plants under the influence of
P
.
fluorescens
OKC after 24 h of stress application (biotic:
Fusarium udum
, abiotic: NaCl). The entire experiment was conducted in two pigeonpea cultivars Asha (resistant to
F
.
udum
) and Bahar (susceptible to
F
.
udum
) and the results were concluded on the basis of transcriptional regulation of the WRKY genes in both the pigeonpea cultivars. The results revealed that among the 35 tentatively identified biotic stress responsive CcWRKY genes, 26 were highly
F
.
udum
responsive, 17 were better NaCl responsive compared to
F
.
udum
and 11 were dual responsive to both
F
.
udum
and NaCl. Application of OKC was able to enhance transcript accumulation of the individual CcWRKY genes to both the stresses when applied individually but not in combined challenge of the two stresses. The results thus indicated that CcWRKY genes play a vital role in the defense signaling against
F
.
udum
and some of the
F
.
udum
responsive CcWRKYs (at least 11 in pigeonpea) are also responsive to abiotic stresses such as NaCl. Further, plant beneficial microbes such as
P
.
fluorescens
OKC also help pegionpea to defend itself against the two stresses (
F
.
udum
and NaCl) through enhanced expression of the stress responsive CcWRKY genes when the stresses are applied individually.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50696-x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31586089</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>38 ; 38/39 ; 38/77 ; 631/208/191/2018 ; 631/208/199 ; Cajanus - microbiology ; Cajanus - physiology ; Cajanus cajan ; Computer applications ; Cultivars ; Disease Resistance - genetics ; Disease Resistance - immunology ; Fusarium - pathogenicity ; Fusarium udum ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - immunology ; Gene regulation ; Genes ; Genes, Plant ; Host Microbial Interactions - immunology ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; multidisciplinary ; Multigene Family ; Phylogeny ; Plant Diseases - genetics ; Plant Diseases - immunology ; Plant Diseases - microbiology ; Plant growth ; Plant Proteins - genetics ; Plant Proteins - metabolism ; Plant Roots - growth & development ; Plant Roots - metabolism ; Plant Roots - microbiology ; Plant species ; Plant tissues ; Pseudomonas fluorescens ; Pseudomonas fluorescens - immunology ; Salt Stress - genetics ; Science ; Science (multidisciplinary) ; Sodium chloride ; Stress ; Transcription factors ; Transcription Factors - genetics ; Transcription Factors - metabolism</subject><ispartof>Scientific reports, 2019-10, Vol.9 (1), p.14344-9, Article 14344</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2019</rights><rights>2019. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-63d51d60c9325ef526c0f76283feaae911babce916d50d08a954036e515199583</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-63d51d60c9325ef526c0f76283feaae911babce916d50d08a954036e515199583</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-8016-275X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6778267/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6778267/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,27903,27904,41099,42168,51555,53770,53772</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31586089$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kumar, Gagan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bajpai, Raina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sarkar, Ankita</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mishra, Raj Kumar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kumar Gupta, Vijai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Singh, Harikesh B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sarma, Birinchi K.</creatorcontrib><title>Identification, characterization and expression profiles of Fusarium udum stress-responsive WRKY transcription factors in Cajanus cajan under the influence of NaCl stress and Pseudomonas fluorescens OKC</title><title>Scientific reports</title><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><description>The WRKY gene family has never been identified in pigeonpea (
Cajanus cajan
). Therefore, objective of the present study was to identify the WRKY gene family in pigeonpea and characterize the
Fusarium udum
stress-responsive WRKY genes under normal, NaCl-stressed and
Pseudomonas fluorescens
OKC (a plant growth-promoting bacterial strain) treated conditions. The aim was to characterize the
Fusarium udum
stress
-
responsive WRKY genes under some commonly occurring field conditions. We identified 97 genes in the WRKY family of pigeonpea, using computational prediction method. The gene family was then classified into three groups through phylogenetic analysis of the homologous genes from the representative plant species. Among the 97 identified WRKY genes 35 were further classified as pathogen stress responsive genes. Functional validation of the 35 WRKY genes was done through generating transcriptional profiles of the genes from root tissues of pigeonpea plants under the influence of
P
.
fluorescens
OKC after 24 h of stress application (biotic:
Fusarium udum
, abiotic: NaCl). The entire experiment was conducted in two pigeonpea cultivars Asha (resistant to
F
.
udum
) and Bahar (susceptible to
F
.
udum
) and the results were concluded on the basis of transcriptional regulation of the WRKY genes in both the pigeonpea cultivars. The results revealed that among the 35 tentatively identified biotic stress responsive CcWRKY genes, 26 were highly
F
.
udum
responsive, 17 were better NaCl responsive compared to
F
.
udum
and 11 were dual responsive to both
F
.
udum
and NaCl. Application of OKC was able to enhance transcript accumulation of the individual CcWRKY genes to both the stresses when applied individually but not in combined challenge of the two stresses. The results thus indicated that CcWRKY genes play a vital role in the defense signaling against
F
.
udum
and some of the
F
.
udum
responsive CcWRKYs (at least 11 in pigeonpea) are also responsive to abiotic stresses such as NaCl. Further, plant beneficial microbes such as
P
.
fluorescens
OKC also help pegionpea to defend itself against the two stresses (
F
.
udum
and NaCl) through enhanced expression of the stress responsive CcWRKY genes when the stresses are applied individually.</description><subject>38</subject><subject>38/39</subject><subject>38/77</subject><subject>631/208/191/2018</subject><subject>631/208/199</subject><subject>Cajanus - microbiology</subject><subject>Cajanus - physiology</subject><subject>Cajanus cajan</subject><subject>Computer applications</subject><subject>Cultivars</subject><subject>Disease Resistance - genetics</subject><subject>Disease Resistance - immunology</subject><subject>Fusarium - pathogenicity</subject><subject>Fusarium udum</subject><subject>Gene Expression Profiling</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - immunology</subject><subject>Gene regulation</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Genes, Plant</subject><subject>Host Microbial Interactions - immunology</subject><subject>Humanities and Social Sciences</subject><subject>multidisciplinary</subject><subject>Multigene Family</subject><subject>Phylogeny</subject><subject>Plant Diseases - genetics</subject><subject>Plant Diseases - immunology</subject><subject>Plant Diseases - microbiology</subject><subject>Plant growth</subject><subject>Plant Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Plant Proteins - metabolism</subject><subject>Plant Roots - growth & development</subject><subject>Plant Roots - metabolism</subject><subject>Plant Roots - microbiology</subject><subject>Plant species</subject><subject>Plant tissues</subject><subject>Pseudomonas fluorescens</subject><subject>Pseudomonas fluorescens - immunology</subject><subject>Salt Stress - genetics</subject><subject>Science</subject><subject>Science (multidisciplinary)</subject><subject>Sodium chloride</subject><subject>Stress</subject><subject>Transcription factors</subject><subject>Transcription Factors - genetics</subject><subject>Transcription Factors - metabolism</subject><issn>2045-2322</issn><issn>2045-2322</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9Uk1v1DAQjRCIVkv_AAdkiQsHAv6InfiChCJKq1YUIRDiZHmdSderrB3suFr4if1VOLtLKRzwYcb2e_PGI7-ieErwK4JZ8zpWhMumxESWHAspyu2D4pjiipeUUfrw3v6oOIlxjfPiVFZEPi6OGOGNwI08Lm7PO3CT7a3Rk_XuJTIrHbSZINifuxukXYdgOwaIcT6Owfd2gIh8j05T1MGmDUpdDnGaOWUOo3fR3gD6-uniG5qCdtEEO-7U-qztQ0TWoVavtUsRmTmj5DoIaFpBhvohgTMwt_ig2-GgvHvJxwip8xvvdESZ5jNgwEV0ddE-KR71eohwcsiL4svpu8_tWXl59f68fXtZmqquplKwjpNOYCMZ5dBzKgzua0Eb1oPWIAlZ6qXJWXQcd7jRkleYCeCEEyl5wxbFm73umJYb6HL7POKgxmA3OvxQXlv1N-LsSl37GyXquqGizgIvDgLBf08QJ7WxeYph0A58iooyTKr8vYxk6vN_qGufgsvjzSwsOafZDYuC7lkm-BgD9HePIVjNblF7t6jsFrVzi9rmomf3x7gr-e2NTGB7QsyQu4bwp_d_ZH8ByqDRCQ</recordid><startdate>20191004</startdate><enddate>20191004</enddate><creator>Kumar, Gagan</creator><creator>Bajpai, Raina</creator><creator>Sarkar, Ankita</creator><creator>Mishra, Raj Kumar</creator><creator>Kumar Gupta, Vijai</creator><creator>Singh, Harikesh B.</creator><creator>Sarma, Birinchi K.</creator><general>Nature Publishing Group UK</general><general>Nature Publishing Group</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8016-275X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20191004</creationdate><title>Identification, characterization and expression profiles of Fusarium udum stress-responsive WRKY transcription factors in Cajanus cajan under the influence of NaCl stress and Pseudomonas fluorescens OKC</title><author>Kumar, Gagan ; Bajpai, Raina ; Sarkar, Ankita ; Mishra, Raj Kumar ; Kumar Gupta, Vijai ; Singh, Harikesh B. ; Sarma, Birinchi K.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-63d51d60c9325ef526c0f76283feaae911babce916d50d08a954036e515199583</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>38</topic><topic>38/39</topic><topic>38/77</topic><topic>631/208/191/2018</topic><topic>631/208/199</topic><topic>Cajanus - microbiology</topic><topic>Cajanus - physiology</topic><topic>Cajanus cajan</topic><topic>Computer applications</topic><topic>Cultivars</topic><topic>Disease Resistance - genetics</topic><topic>Disease Resistance - immunology</topic><topic>Fusarium - pathogenicity</topic><topic>Fusarium udum</topic><topic>Gene Expression Profiling</topic><topic>Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - immunology</topic><topic>Gene regulation</topic><topic>Genes</topic><topic>Genes, Plant</topic><topic>Host Microbial Interactions - immunology</topic><topic>Humanities and Social Sciences</topic><topic>multidisciplinary</topic><topic>Multigene Family</topic><topic>Phylogeny</topic><topic>Plant Diseases - genetics</topic><topic>Plant Diseases - immunology</topic><topic>Plant Diseases - microbiology</topic><topic>Plant growth</topic><topic>Plant Proteins - genetics</topic><topic>Plant Proteins - metabolism</topic><topic>Plant Roots - growth & development</topic><topic>Plant Roots - metabolism</topic><topic>Plant Roots - microbiology</topic><topic>Plant species</topic><topic>Plant tissues</topic><topic>Pseudomonas fluorescens</topic><topic>Pseudomonas fluorescens - immunology</topic><topic>Salt Stress - genetics</topic><topic>Science</topic><topic>Science (multidisciplinary)</topic><topic>Sodium chloride</topic><topic>Stress</topic><topic>Transcription factors</topic><topic>Transcription Factors - genetics</topic><topic>Transcription Factors - metabolism</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kumar, Gagan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bajpai, Raina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sarkar, Ankita</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mishra, Raj Kumar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kumar Gupta, Vijai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Singh, Harikesh B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sarma, Birinchi K.</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Scientific reports</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kumar, Gagan</au><au>Bajpai, Raina</au><au>Sarkar, Ankita</au><au>Mishra, Raj Kumar</au><au>Kumar Gupta, Vijai</au><au>Singh, Harikesh B.</au><au>Sarma, Birinchi K.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Identification, characterization and expression profiles of Fusarium udum stress-responsive WRKY transcription factors in Cajanus cajan under the influence of NaCl stress and Pseudomonas fluorescens OKC</atitle><jtitle>Scientific reports</jtitle><stitle>Sci Rep</stitle><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><date>2019-10-04</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>14344</spage><epage>9</epage><pages>14344-9</pages><artnum>14344</artnum><issn>2045-2322</issn><eissn>2045-2322</eissn><abstract>The WRKY gene family has never been identified in pigeonpea (
Cajanus cajan
). Therefore, objective of the present study was to identify the WRKY gene family in pigeonpea and characterize the
Fusarium udum
stress-responsive WRKY genes under normal, NaCl-stressed and
Pseudomonas fluorescens
OKC (a plant growth-promoting bacterial strain) treated conditions. The aim was to characterize the
Fusarium udum
stress
-
responsive WRKY genes under some commonly occurring field conditions. We identified 97 genes in the WRKY family of pigeonpea, using computational prediction method. The gene family was then classified into three groups through phylogenetic analysis of the homologous genes from the representative plant species. Among the 97 identified WRKY genes 35 were further classified as pathogen stress responsive genes. Functional validation of the 35 WRKY genes was done through generating transcriptional profiles of the genes from root tissues of pigeonpea plants under the influence of
P
.
fluorescens
OKC after 24 h of stress application (biotic:
Fusarium udum
, abiotic: NaCl). The entire experiment was conducted in two pigeonpea cultivars Asha (resistant to
F
.
udum
) and Bahar (susceptible to
F
.
udum
) and the results were concluded on the basis of transcriptional regulation of the WRKY genes in both the pigeonpea cultivars. The results revealed that among the 35 tentatively identified biotic stress responsive CcWRKY genes, 26 were highly
F
.
udum
responsive, 17 were better NaCl responsive compared to
F
.
udum
and 11 were dual responsive to both
F
.
udum
and NaCl. Application of OKC was able to enhance transcript accumulation of the individual CcWRKY genes to both the stresses when applied individually but not in combined challenge of the two stresses. The results thus indicated that CcWRKY genes play a vital role in the defense signaling against
F
.
udum
and some of the
F
.
udum
responsive CcWRKYs (at least 11 in pigeonpea) are also responsive to abiotic stresses such as NaCl. Further, plant beneficial microbes such as
P
.
fluorescens
OKC also help pegionpea to defend itself against the two stresses (
F
.
udum
and NaCl) through enhanced expression of the stress responsive CcWRKY genes when the stresses are applied individually.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>31586089</pmid><doi>10.1038/s41598-019-50696-x</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8016-275X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 2045-2322 |
| ispartof | Scientific reports, 2019-10, Vol.9 (1), p.14344-9, Article 14344 |
| issn | 2045-2322 2045-2322 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_6778267 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Springer Nature OA Free Journals; Nature Free; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Alma/SFX Local Collection; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | 38 38/39 38/77 631/208/191/2018 631/208/199 Cajanus - microbiology Cajanus - physiology Cajanus cajan Computer applications Cultivars Disease Resistance - genetics Disease Resistance - immunology Fusarium - pathogenicity Fusarium udum Gene Expression Profiling Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - immunology Gene regulation Genes Genes, Plant Host Microbial Interactions - immunology Humanities and Social Sciences multidisciplinary Multigene Family Phylogeny Plant Diseases - genetics Plant Diseases - immunology Plant Diseases - microbiology Plant growth Plant Proteins - genetics Plant Proteins - metabolism Plant Roots - growth & development Plant Roots - metabolism Plant Roots - microbiology Plant species Plant tissues Pseudomonas fluorescens Pseudomonas fluorescens - immunology Salt Stress - genetics Science Science (multidisciplinary) Sodium chloride Stress Transcription factors Transcription Factors - genetics Transcription Factors - metabolism |
| title | Identification, characterization and expression profiles of Fusarium udum stress-responsive WRKY transcription factors in Cajanus cajan under the influence of NaCl stress and Pseudomonas fluorescens OKC |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-21T11%3A39%3A09IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Identification,%20characterization%20and%20expression%20profiles%20of%20Fusarium%20udum%20stress-responsive%20WRKY%20transcription%20factors%20in%20Cajanus%20cajan%20under%20the%20influence%20of%20NaCl%20stress%20and%20Pseudomonas%20fluorescens%20OKC&rft.jtitle=Scientific%20reports&rft.au=Kumar,%20Gagan&rft.date=2019-10-04&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=14344&rft.epage=9&rft.pages=14344-9&rft.artnum=14344&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft.eissn=2045-2322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038/s41598-019-50696-x&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_pubme%3E2301441531%3C/proquest_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2300955210&rft_id=info:pmid/31586089&rfr_iscdi=true |