Review article: emerging role of the gut microbiome in the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and potential therapeutic implications

Summary Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent disorder associated with obesity and diabetes. Few treatment options are effective for patients with NAFLD, but connections between the gut microbiome and NAFLD and NAFLD‐associated conditions suggest that modulation of the g...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 2019-07, Vol.50 (2), p.144-158
Hauptverfasser: Jayakumar, Saumya, Loomba, Rohit
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
container_end_page 158
container_issue 2
container_start_page 144
container_title Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
container_volume 50
creator Jayakumar, Saumya
Loomba, Rohit
description Summary Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent disorder associated with obesity and diabetes. Few treatment options are effective for patients with NAFLD, but connections between the gut microbiome and NAFLD and NAFLD‐associated conditions suggest that modulation of the gut microbiota could be a novel therapeutic option. Aim To examine the effect of the gut microbiota on pathophysiologic causes of NAFLD and assess the potential of microbiota‐targeting therapies for NAFLD. Methods A PubMed search of the literature was performed; relevant articles were included. Results The composition of bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract can enhance fat deposition, modulate energy metabolism and alter inflammatory processes. Emerging evidence suggests a role for the gut microbiome in obesity and metabolic syndrome. NAFLD is often considered the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, and there has been tremendous progress in understanding the association of gut microbiome composition with NAFLD disease severity. We discuss the role of the gut microbiome in NAFLD pathophysiology and whether the microbiome composition can differentiate the two categories of NAFLD: nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL, the non‐progressive form) vs nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH, the progressive form). The association between gut microbiome and fibrosis progression in NAFLD is also discussed. Finally, we review whether modulation of the gut microbiome plays a role in improving treatment outcomes for patients with NAFLD. Conclusions Multiple pathophysiologic pathways connect the gut microbiome with the pathophysiology of NAFLD. Therefore, therapeutics that effectively target the gut microbiome may be beneficial for the treatment of patients with NAFLD.
doi_str_mv 10.1111/apt.15314
format Article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_6771496</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2233847423</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4434-bd4ec0790feb8e0d8a7e16bc1d87b7f4bba4373d8a40b3b795009a34164663a93</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kd9qFDEUh4Modl298AUk4I1eTJtMssmMF4VS_AcFRep1SGbOzKZkkjHJbNnH8I3NdmtRwdwcOPny5XB-CL2k5JSWc6bnfEo3jPJHaEWZ2FQ1YeIxWpFatFXdUHaCnqV0QwgRktRP0QmjlLeSb1bo5zfYWbjFOmbbOXiHYYI4Wj_iGBzgMOC8BTwuGU-2i8HYMAG2_q47xzBGSMkGfwB98Np1YRuc7fCgc95jZ3cQcW8T6ARY-x7PIYPPVruDIeoZlvIvttNcHulcTOk5ejJol-DFfV2j7x_eX19-qq6-fPx8eXFVdZwzXpmeQ0dkSwYwDZC-0RKoMB3tG2nkwI3RnElW-pwYZmS7IaTVjFPBhWC6ZWt0fvTOi5mg78pYUTs1RzvpuFdBW_X3jbdbNYadElKW7YkieHMviOHHAimryaYOnNMewpJUXTPWcMlLWaPX_6A3YYllXYVijDZ1TSUv1NsjVRadUoThYRhK1CFoVYJWd0EX9tWf0z-Qv5MtwNkRuLUO9v83qYuv10flL5vqtjg</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2331822174</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Review article: emerging role of the gut microbiome in the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and potential therapeutic implications</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Wiley Online Library</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><creator>Jayakumar, Saumya ; Loomba, Rohit</creator><creatorcontrib>Jayakumar, Saumya ; Loomba, Rohit</creatorcontrib><description>Summary Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent disorder associated with obesity and diabetes. Few treatment options are effective for patients with NAFLD, but connections between the gut microbiome and NAFLD and NAFLD‐associated conditions suggest that modulation of the gut microbiota could be a novel therapeutic option. Aim To examine the effect of the gut microbiota on pathophysiologic causes of NAFLD and assess the potential of microbiota‐targeting therapies for NAFLD. Methods A PubMed search of the literature was performed; relevant articles were included. Results The composition of bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract can enhance fat deposition, modulate energy metabolism and alter inflammatory processes. Emerging evidence suggests a role for the gut microbiome in obesity and metabolic syndrome. NAFLD is often considered the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, and there has been tremendous progress in understanding the association of gut microbiome composition with NAFLD disease severity. We discuss the role of the gut microbiome in NAFLD pathophysiology and whether the microbiome composition can differentiate the two categories of NAFLD: nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL, the non‐progressive form) vs nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH, the progressive form). The association between gut microbiome and fibrosis progression in NAFLD is also discussed. Finally, we review whether modulation of the gut microbiome plays a role in improving treatment outcomes for patients with NAFLD. Conclusions Multiple pathophysiologic pathways connect the gut microbiome with the pathophysiology of NAFLD. Therefore, therapeutics that effectively target the gut microbiome may be beneficial for the treatment of patients with NAFLD.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0269-2813</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-2036</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/apt.15314</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31149745</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Diabetes mellitus ; Digestive system ; Disease Progression ; Energy metabolism ; Fat metabolism ; Fatty liver ; Fibrosis ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome - physiology ; Gastrointestinal tract ; Gastrointestinal Tract - microbiology ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Intestinal microflora ; Liver ; Liver diseases ; Metabolic disorders ; Metabolic syndrome ; Microbiomes ; Microbiota ; Molecular Targeted Therapy - methods ; Molecular Targeted Therapy - trends ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - microbiology ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - pathology ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - therapy ; Obesity ; Obesity - complications ; Obesity - microbiology ; Obesity - therapy ; Pathophysiology ; Review</subject><ispartof>Alimentary pharmacology &amp; therapeutics, 2019-07, Vol.50 (2), p.144-158</ispartof><rights>2019 John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd</rights><rights>2019 John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2019 John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd</rights><rights>2019 The Authors. Published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4434-bd4ec0790feb8e0d8a7e16bc1d87b7f4bba4373d8a40b3b795009a34164663a93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4434-bd4ec0790feb8e0d8a7e16bc1d87b7f4bba4373d8a40b3b795009a34164663a93</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-4845-9991</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fapt.15314$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fapt.15314$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,1417,1433,27924,27925,45574,45575,46409,46833</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31149745$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Jayakumar, Saumya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Loomba, Rohit</creatorcontrib><title>Review article: emerging role of the gut microbiome in the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and potential therapeutic implications</title><title>Alimentary pharmacology &amp; therapeutics</title><addtitle>Aliment Pharmacol Ther</addtitle><description>Summary Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent disorder associated with obesity and diabetes. Few treatment options are effective for patients with NAFLD, but connections between the gut microbiome and NAFLD and NAFLD‐associated conditions suggest that modulation of the gut microbiota could be a novel therapeutic option. Aim To examine the effect of the gut microbiota on pathophysiologic causes of NAFLD and assess the potential of microbiota‐targeting therapies for NAFLD. Methods A PubMed search of the literature was performed; relevant articles were included. Results The composition of bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract can enhance fat deposition, modulate energy metabolism and alter inflammatory processes. Emerging evidence suggests a role for the gut microbiome in obesity and metabolic syndrome. NAFLD is often considered the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, and there has been tremendous progress in understanding the association of gut microbiome composition with NAFLD disease severity. We discuss the role of the gut microbiome in NAFLD pathophysiology and whether the microbiome composition can differentiate the two categories of NAFLD: nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL, the non‐progressive form) vs nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH, the progressive form). The association between gut microbiome and fibrosis progression in NAFLD is also discussed. Finally, we review whether modulation of the gut microbiome plays a role in improving treatment outcomes for patients with NAFLD. Conclusions Multiple pathophysiologic pathways connect the gut microbiome with the pathophysiology of NAFLD. Therefore, therapeutics that effectively target the gut microbiome may be beneficial for the treatment of patients with NAFLD.</description><subject>Diabetes mellitus</subject><subject>Digestive system</subject><subject>Disease Progression</subject><subject>Energy metabolism</subject><subject>Fat metabolism</subject><subject>Fatty liver</subject><subject>Fibrosis</subject><subject>Gastrointestinal Microbiome - physiology</subject><subject>Gastrointestinal tract</subject><subject>Gastrointestinal Tract - microbiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Intestinal microflora</subject><subject>Liver</subject><subject>Liver diseases</subject><subject>Metabolic disorders</subject><subject>Metabolic syndrome</subject><subject>Microbiomes</subject><subject>Microbiota</subject><subject>Molecular Targeted Therapy - methods</subject><subject>Molecular Targeted Therapy - trends</subject><subject>Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - microbiology</subject><subject>Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - pathology</subject><subject>Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - therapy</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>Obesity - complications</subject><subject>Obesity - microbiology</subject><subject>Obesity - therapy</subject><subject>Pathophysiology</subject><subject>Review</subject><issn>0269-2813</issn><issn>1365-2036</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kd9qFDEUh4Modl298AUk4I1eTJtMssmMF4VS_AcFRep1SGbOzKZkkjHJbNnH8I3NdmtRwdwcOPny5XB-CL2k5JSWc6bnfEo3jPJHaEWZ2FQ1YeIxWpFatFXdUHaCnqV0QwgRktRP0QmjlLeSb1bo5zfYWbjFOmbbOXiHYYI4Wj_iGBzgMOC8BTwuGU-2i8HYMAG2_q47xzBGSMkGfwB98Np1YRuc7fCgc95jZ3cQcW8T6ARY-x7PIYPPVruDIeoZlvIvttNcHulcTOk5ejJol-DFfV2j7x_eX19-qq6-fPx8eXFVdZwzXpmeQ0dkSwYwDZC-0RKoMB3tG2nkwI3RnElW-pwYZmS7IaTVjFPBhWC6ZWt0fvTOi5mg78pYUTs1RzvpuFdBW_X3jbdbNYadElKW7YkieHMviOHHAimryaYOnNMewpJUXTPWcMlLWaPX_6A3YYllXYVijDZ1TSUv1NsjVRadUoThYRhK1CFoVYJWd0EX9tWf0z-Qv5MtwNkRuLUO9v83qYuv10flL5vqtjg</recordid><startdate>201907</startdate><enddate>201907</enddate><creator>Jayakumar, Saumya</creator><creator>Loomba, Rohit</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><general>John Wiley and Sons Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4845-9991</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>201907</creationdate><title>Review article: emerging role of the gut microbiome in the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and potential therapeutic implications</title><author>Jayakumar, Saumya ; Loomba, Rohit</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4434-bd4ec0790feb8e0d8a7e16bc1d87b7f4bba4373d8a40b3b795009a34164663a93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Diabetes mellitus</topic><topic>Digestive system</topic><topic>Disease Progression</topic><topic>Energy metabolism</topic><topic>Fat metabolism</topic><topic>Fatty liver</topic><topic>Fibrosis</topic><topic>Gastrointestinal Microbiome - physiology</topic><topic>Gastrointestinal tract</topic><topic>Gastrointestinal Tract - microbiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Inflammation</topic><topic>Intestinal microflora</topic><topic>Liver</topic><topic>Liver diseases</topic><topic>Metabolic disorders</topic><topic>Metabolic syndrome</topic><topic>Microbiomes</topic><topic>Microbiota</topic><topic>Molecular Targeted Therapy - methods</topic><topic>Molecular Targeted Therapy - trends</topic><topic>Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - microbiology</topic><topic>Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - pathology</topic><topic>Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - therapy</topic><topic>Obesity</topic><topic>Obesity - complications</topic><topic>Obesity - microbiology</topic><topic>Obesity - therapy</topic><topic>Pathophysiology</topic><topic>Review</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Jayakumar, Saumya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Loomba, Rohit</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Alimentary pharmacology &amp; therapeutics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Jayakumar, Saumya</au><au>Loomba, Rohit</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Review article: emerging role of the gut microbiome in the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and potential therapeutic implications</atitle><jtitle>Alimentary pharmacology &amp; therapeutics</jtitle><addtitle>Aliment Pharmacol Ther</addtitle><date>2019-07</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>50</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>144</spage><epage>158</epage><pages>144-158</pages><issn>0269-2813</issn><eissn>1365-2036</eissn><abstract>Summary Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent disorder associated with obesity and diabetes. Few treatment options are effective for patients with NAFLD, but connections between the gut microbiome and NAFLD and NAFLD‐associated conditions suggest that modulation of the gut microbiota could be a novel therapeutic option. Aim To examine the effect of the gut microbiota on pathophysiologic causes of NAFLD and assess the potential of microbiota‐targeting therapies for NAFLD. Methods A PubMed search of the literature was performed; relevant articles were included. Results The composition of bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract can enhance fat deposition, modulate energy metabolism and alter inflammatory processes. Emerging evidence suggests a role for the gut microbiome in obesity and metabolic syndrome. NAFLD is often considered the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, and there has been tremendous progress in understanding the association of gut microbiome composition with NAFLD disease severity. We discuss the role of the gut microbiome in NAFLD pathophysiology and whether the microbiome composition can differentiate the two categories of NAFLD: nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL, the non‐progressive form) vs nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH, the progressive form). The association between gut microbiome and fibrosis progression in NAFLD is also discussed. Finally, we review whether modulation of the gut microbiome plays a role in improving treatment outcomes for patients with NAFLD. Conclusions Multiple pathophysiologic pathways connect the gut microbiome with the pathophysiology of NAFLD. Therefore, therapeutics that effectively target the gut microbiome may be beneficial for the treatment of patients with NAFLD.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>31149745</pmid><doi>10.1111/apt.15314</doi><tpages>15</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4845-9991</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 0269-2813
ispartof Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2019-07, Vol.50 (2), p.144-158
issn 0269-2813
1365-2036
language eng
recordid cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_6771496
source MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals
subjects Diabetes mellitus
Digestive system
Disease Progression
Energy metabolism
Fat metabolism
Fatty liver
Fibrosis
Gastrointestinal Microbiome - physiology
Gastrointestinal tract
Gastrointestinal Tract - microbiology
Humans
Inflammation
Intestinal microflora
Liver
Liver diseases
Metabolic disorders
Metabolic syndrome
Microbiomes
Microbiota
Molecular Targeted Therapy - methods
Molecular Targeted Therapy - trends
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - microbiology
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - pathology
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - therapy
Obesity
Obesity - complications
Obesity - microbiology
Obesity - therapy
Pathophysiology
Review
title Review article: emerging role of the gut microbiome in the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and potential therapeutic implications
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-25T11%3A35%3A14IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Review%20article:%20emerging%20role%20of%20the%20gut%20microbiome%20in%20the%20progression%20of%20nonalcoholic%20fatty%20liver%20disease%20and%20potential%20therapeutic%20implications&rft.jtitle=Alimentary%20pharmacology%20&%20therapeutics&rft.au=Jayakumar,%20Saumya&rft.date=2019-07&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=144&rft.epage=158&rft.pages=144-158&rft.issn=0269-2813&rft.eissn=1365-2036&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111/apt.15314&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_pubme%3E2233847423%3C/proquest_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2331822174&rft_id=info:pmid/31149745&rfr_iscdi=true