Metamaterial architecture from a self-shaping carnivorous plant
As meticulously observed and recorded by Darwin, the leaves of the carnivorous plant Drosera capensis L. slowly fold around insects trapped on their sticky surface in order to ensure their digestion. While the biochemical signaling driving leaf closure has been associated with plant growth hormones,...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2019-09, Vol.116 (38), p.18777-18782 |
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creator | La Porta, Caterina A. M. Lionetti, Maria Chiara Bonfanti, Silvia Milan, Simone Ferrario, Cinzia Rayneau-Kirkhope, Daniel Beretta, Mario Hanifpour, Maryam Fascio, Umberto Ascagni, Miriam De Paola, Larissa Budrikis, Zoe Schiavoni, Mario Falletta, Ermelinda Caselli, Alessandro Chepizhko, Oleksandr Tuissi, Ausonio Vailati, Alberto Zapperi, Stefano |
description | As meticulously observed and recorded by Darwin, the leaves of the carnivorous plant Drosera capensis L. slowly fold around insects trapped on their sticky surface in order to ensure their digestion. While the biochemical signaling driving leaf closure has been associated with plant growth hormones, how mechanical forces actuate the process is still unknown. Here, we combine experimental tests of leaf mechanics with quantitative measurements of the leaf microstructure and biochemistry to demonstrate that the closure mechanism is programmed into the cellular architecture of D. capensis leaves, which converts a homogeneous biochemical signal into an asymmetric response. Inspired by the leaf closure mechanism, we devise and test a mechanical metamaterial, which curls under homogeneous mechanical stimuli. This kind of metamaterial could find possible applications as a component in soft robotics and provides an example of bioinspired design. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1073/pnas.1904984116 |
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M. ; Lionetti, Maria Chiara ; Bonfanti, Silvia ; Milan, Simone ; Ferrario, Cinzia ; Rayneau-Kirkhope, Daniel ; Beretta, Mario ; Hanifpour, Maryam ; Fascio, Umberto ; Ascagni, Miriam ; De Paola, Larissa ; Budrikis, Zoe ; Schiavoni, Mario ; Falletta, Ermelinda ; Caselli, Alessandro ; Chepizhko, Oleksandr ; Tuissi, Ausonio ; Vailati, Alberto ; Zapperi, Stefano</creator><creatorcontrib>La Porta, Caterina A. M. ; Lionetti, Maria Chiara ; Bonfanti, Silvia ; Milan, Simone ; Ferrario, Cinzia ; Rayneau-Kirkhope, Daniel ; Beretta, Mario ; Hanifpour, Maryam ; Fascio, Umberto ; Ascagni, Miriam ; De Paola, Larissa ; Budrikis, Zoe ; Schiavoni, Mario ; Falletta, Ermelinda ; Caselli, Alessandro ; Chepizhko, Oleksandr ; Tuissi, Ausonio ; Vailati, Alberto ; Zapperi, Stefano</creatorcontrib><description>As meticulously observed and recorded by Darwin, the leaves of the carnivorous plant Drosera capensis L. slowly fold around insects trapped on their sticky surface in order to ensure their digestion. While the biochemical signaling driving leaf closure has been associated with plant growth hormones, how mechanical forces actuate the process is still unknown. Here, we combine experimental tests of leaf mechanics with quantitative measurements of the leaf microstructure and biochemistry to demonstrate that the closure mechanism is programmed into the cellular architecture of D. capensis leaves, which converts a homogeneous biochemical signal into an asymmetric response. Inspired by the leaf closure mechanism, we devise and test a mechanical metamaterial, which curls under homogeneous mechanical stimuli. This kind of metamaterial could find possible applications as a component in soft robotics and provides an example of bioinspired design.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0027-8424</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1091-6490</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1904984116</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31451632</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: National Academy of Sciences</publisher><subject>Architecture ; Biochemistry ; Biological Sciences ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Biomimetic Materials - chemistry ; Biomimetics ; Cell Wall - physiology ; Drosera - physiology ; Elastic Modulus ; Growth hormones ; Hormones ; Indoleacetic Acids - metabolism ; Insects ; Leaves ; Mechanical stimuli ; Menopause ; Metamaterials ; Movement ; Physical Sciences ; Plant growth ; Plant Leaves - anatomy & histology ; Plant Leaves - growth & development ; Plant Leaves - metabolism ; Plant Leaves - physiology ; Plant Physiological Phenomena ; Robotics</subject><ispartof>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2019-09, Vol.116 (38), p.18777-18782</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2019 the Author(s). 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While the biochemical signaling driving leaf closure has been associated with plant growth hormones, how mechanical forces actuate the process is still unknown. Here, we combine experimental tests of leaf mechanics with quantitative measurements of the leaf microstructure and biochemistry to demonstrate that the closure mechanism is programmed into the cellular architecture of D. capensis leaves, which converts a homogeneous biochemical signal into an asymmetric response. Inspired by the leaf closure mechanism, we devise and test a mechanical metamaterial, which curls under homogeneous mechanical stimuli. 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subjects | Architecture Biochemistry Biological Sciences Biomechanical Phenomena Biomimetic Materials - chemistry Biomimetics Cell Wall - physiology Drosera - physiology Elastic Modulus Growth hormones Hormones Indoleacetic Acids - metabolism Insects Leaves Mechanical stimuli Menopause Metamaterials Movement Physical Sciences Plant growth Plant Leaves - anatomy & histology Plant Leaves - growth & development Plant Leaves - metabolism Plant Leaves - physiology Plant Physiological Phenomena Robotics |
title | Metamaterial architecture from a self-shaping carnivorous plant |
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