Sleep Apnea Heterogeneity, Phenotypes, and Cardiovascular Risk. Implications for Trial Design and Precision Sleep Medicine

[...]the RICCADSA (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure [CPAP] Treatment in Coronary Artery Disease and Sleep Apnea) study (11), a randomized trial in individuals with severe OSA who were not excessively sleepy, found no cardiovascular benefit of CPAP in intention to treat analyses. [...]the much larger SAVE (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease) trial in patients with known CVD excluded patients with Epworth Sleepiness Scale > 15 (10). Prospective study of obstructive sleep apnea and incident coronary heart disease and heart failure: the Sleep Heart Health Study. The hypoxic burden of sleep apnoea predicts cardiovascular disease-related mortality: the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study and the Sleep Heart Health Study.