The Evolutionary History of The Orexin/Allatotropin GPCR Family: from Placozoa and Cnidaria to Vertebrata
Peptidic messengers constitute a highly diversified group of intercellular messengers widely distributed in nature that regulate a great number of physiological processes in Metazoa. Being crucial for life, it seem that they have appeared in the ancestral group from which Metazoa evolved, and were h...
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| description | Peptidic messengers constitute a highly diversified group of intercellular messengers widely distributed in nature that regulate a great number of physiological processes in Metazoa. Being crucial for life, it seem that they have appeared in the ancestral group from which Metazoa evolved, and were highly conserved along the evolutionary process. Peptides act mainly through G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), a family of transmembrane molecules. GPCRs are also widely distributed in nature being present in metazoan, but also in Choanoflagellata and Fungi. Among GPCRs, the Allatotropin/Orexin (AT/Ox) family is particularly characterized by the presence of the DRW motif in the second intracellular loop (IC Loop 2), and seems to be present in Cnidaria, Placozoa and in Bilateria, suggesting that it was present in the common ancestor of Metazoa. Looking for the evolutionary history of this GPCRs we searched for corresponding sequences in public databases. Our results suggest that AT/Ox receptors were highly conserved along evolutionary process, and that they are characterized by the presence of the E/DRWYAI motif at the IC Loop 2. Phylogenetic analyses show that AT/Ox family of receptors reflects evolutionary relationships that agree with current phylogenetic understanding in Actinopterygii and Sauropsida, including also the largely discussed position of Testudines. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/s41598-019-46712-9 |
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Being crucial for life, it seem that they have appeared in the ancestral group from which Metazoa evolved, and were highly conserved along the evolutionary process. Peptides act mainly through G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), a family of transmembrane molecules. GPCRs are also widely distributed in nature being present in metazoan, but also in Choanoflagellata and Fungi. Among GPCRs, the Allatotropin/Orexin (AT/Ox) family is particularly characterized by the presence of the DRW motif in the second intracellular loop (IC Loop 2), and seems to be present in Cnidaria, Placozoa and in Bilateria, suggesting that it was present in the common ancestor of Metazoa. Looking for the evolutionary history of this GPCRs we searched for corresponding sequences in public databases. Our results suggest that AT/Ox receptors were highly conserved along evolutionary process, and that they are characterized by the presence of the E/DRWYAI motif at the IC Loop 2. Phylogenetic analyses show that AT/Ox family of receptors reflects evolutionary relationships that agree with current phylogenetic understanding in Actinopterygii and Sauropsida, including also the largely discussed position of Testudines.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46712-9</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31308431</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>631/181/2480 ; 631/601/1737 ; Allatotropin ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Classification - methods ; Cnidaria ; Cnidaria - classification ; Cnidaria - genetics ; Databases, Genetic ; Evolution ; Evolution, Molecular ; Fungi ; G protein-coupled receptors ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; Insect Hormones - genetics ; Insect Hormones - metabolism ; Metazoa ; multidisciplinary ; Neuropeptides - genetics ; Neuropeptides - metabolism ; Orexins ; Orexins - genetics ; Orexins - metabolism ; Peptides ; Phylogenetics ; Phylogeny ; Placozoa ; Placozoa - classification ; Placozoa - genetics ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled - genetics ; Science ; Science (multidisciplinary) ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Vertebrates - genetics</subject><ispartof>Scientific reports, 2019-07, Vol.9 (1), p.10217-12, Article 10217</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2019</rights><rights>2019. 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Being crucial for life, it seem that they have appeared in the ancestral group from which Metazoa evolved, and were highly conserved along the evolutionary process. Peptides act mainly through G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), a family of transmembrane molecules. GPCRs are also widely distributed in nature being present in metazoan, but also in Choanoflagellata and Fungi. Among GPCRs, the Allatotropin/Orexin (AT/Ox) family is particularly characterized by the presence of the DRW motif in the second intracellular loop (IC Loop 2), and seems to be present in Cnidaria, Placozoa and in Bilateria, suggesting that it was present in the common ancestor of Metazoa. Looking for the evolutionary history of this GPCRs we searched for corresponding sequences in public databases. Our results suggest that AT/Ox receptors were highly conserved along evolutionary process, and that they are characterized by the presence of the E/DRWYAI motif at the IC Loop 2. 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Scientific reports</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Alzugaray, María Eugenia</au><au>Bruno, María Cecilia</au><au>Villalobos Sambucaro, María José</au><au>Ronderos, Jorge Rafael</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The Evolutionary History of The Orexin/Allatotropin GPCR Family: from Placozoa and Cnidaria to Vertebrata</atitle><jtitle>Scientific reports</jtitle><stitle>Sci Rep</stitle><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><date>2019-07-15</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>10217</spage><epage>12</epage><pages>10217-12</pages><artnum>10217</artnum><issn>2045-2322</issn><eissn>2045-2322</eissn><abstract>Peptidic messengers constitute a highly diversified group of intercellular messengers widely distributed in nature that regulate a great number of physiological processes in Metazoa. Being crucial for life, it seem that they have appeared in the ancestral group from which Metazoa evolved, and were highly conserved along the evolutionary process. Peptides act mainly through G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), a family of transmembrane molecules. GPCRs are also widely distributed in nature being present in metazoan, but also in Choanoflagellata and Fungi. Among GPCRs, the Allatotropin/Orexin (AT/Ox) family is particularly characterized by the presence of the DRW motif in the second intracellular loop (IC Loop 2), and seems to be present in Cnidaria, Placozoa and in Bilateria, suggesting that it was present in the common ancestor of Metazoa. Looking for the evolutionary history of this GPCRs we searched for corresponding sequences in public databases. Our results suggest that AT/Ox receptors were highly conserved along evolutionary process, and that they are characterized by the presence of the E/DRWYAI motif at the IC Loop 2. Phylogenetic analyses show that AT/Ox family of receptors reflects evolutionary relationships that agree with current phylogenetic understanding in Actinopterygii and Sauropsida, including also the largely discussed position of Testudines.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>31308431</pmid><doi>10.1038/s41598-019-46712-9</doi><tpages>12</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | 631/181/2480 631/601/1737 Allatotropin Animals Biological Evolution Classification - methods Cnidaria Cnidaria - classification Cnidaria - genetics Databases, Genetic Evolution Evolution, Molecular Fungi G protein-coupled receptors Humanities and Social Sciences Insect Hormones - genetics Insect Hormones - metabolism Metazoa multidisciplinary Neuropeptides - genetics Neuropeptides - metabolism Orexins Orexins - genetics Orexins - metabolism Peptides Phylogenetics Phylogeny Placozoa Placozoa - classification Placozoa - genetics Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled - genetics Science Science (multidisciplinary) Sequence Analysis, DNA Vertebrates - genetics |
| title | The Evolutionary History of The Orexin/Allatotropin GPCR Family: from Placozoa and Cnidaria to Vertebrata |
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