Safety and Efficacy Assessment of Isoflavones from Pueraria (Kudzu) Flower Extract in Ovariectomised Mice: A Comparison with Soy Isoflavones
Numerous Foods with Function Claims that contain the extract of flower (kudzu) isoflavones (PFI) are available in the Japanese market. These are labelled with function claims of reducing visceral fat. However, these foods have not undergone proper safety assessment such as the evaluation of their oe...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of molecular sciences 2019-06, Vol.20 (12), p.2867 |
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| creator | Tousen, Yuko Takebayashi, Jun Kondo, Takashi Fuchino, Hiroyuki Kawano, Noriaki Inui, Takayuki Yoshimatsu, Kayo Kawahara, Nobuo Ishimi, Yoshiko |
| description | Numerous Foods with Function Claims that contain the extract of
flower (kudzu) isoflavones (PFI) are available in the Japanese market. These are labelled with function claims of reducing visceral fat. However, these foods have not undergone proper safety assessment such as the evaluation of their oestrogenic activity and effects on drug-metabolising enzymes (cytochrome P-450: CYP) in the liver. This study evaluated the estrogenic effect and the hepatic CYP activity and mRNA expression in normal female mice as a safety assessment of PFI (Experiment 1). In addition, the bone mineral density and visceral fat weight in ovariectomised mice (OVX) compared to soy isoflavones (SI) was evaluated to assess the efficacy of PFI (Experiment 2). OVX control fed a control diet, OVX fed a PFI diet (the recommended human intake of PFI), OVX fed a PFI20 diet (20- times the recommended PFI), OVX fed an SI diet (the recommended human intake of SI), and OVX fed an SI20 diet (20 -times the recommended intake of SI) for 28 days in Experiment 2. Body, liver, and visceral fat weights were not affected by the PFI, PFI20, SI, or SI20 diets. The hepatic CYP1A and CYP3A activities were elevated by the SI20 treatment. Ovariectomy-induced bone loss was inhibited by the SI20 treatment, but not by the PFI20 treatment. These results suggest that (1) PFI intake in human doses had no oestrogenic properties and did not affect CYP activity in the liver; (2) there was no evidence that PFI affects the amount of visceral fat in OVX mice. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ijms20122867 |
| format | Article |
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flower (kudzu) isoflavones (PFI) are available in the Japanese market. These are labelled with function claims of reducing visceral fat. However, these foods have not undergone proper safety assessment such as the evaluation of their oestrogenic activity and effects on drug-metabolising enzymes (cytochrome P-450: CYP) in the liver. This study evaluated the estrogenic effect and the hepatic CYP activity and mRNA expression in normal female mice as a safety assessment of PFI (Experiment 1). In addition, the bone mineral density and visceral fat weight in ovariectomised mice (OVX) compared to soy isoflavones (SI) was evaluated to assess the efficacy of PFI (Experiment 2). OVX control fed a control diet, OVX fed a PFI diet (the recommended human intake of PFI), OVX fed a PFI20 diet (20- times the recommended PFI), OVX fed an SI diet (the recommended human intake of SI), and OVX fed an SI20 diet (20 -times the recommended intake of SI) for 28 days in Experiment 2. Body, liver, and visceral fat weights were not affected by the PFI, PFI20, SI, or SI20 diets. The hepatic CYP1A and CYP3A activities were elevated by the SI20 treatment. Ovariectomy-induced bone loss was inhibited by the SI20 treatment, but not by the PFI20 treatment. These results suggest that (1) PFI intake in human doses had no oestrogenic properties and did not affect CYP activity in the liver; (2) there was no evidence that PFI affects the amount of visceral fat in OVX mice.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1422-0067</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1661-6596</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1422-0067</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122867</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31212773</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Abdomen ; Abdominal Fat - drug effects ; Abdominal Fat - metabolism ; Age ; Animals ; Biomarkers ; Bone Density - drug effects ; Consumption ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - metabolism ; Dietary supplements ; Drug metabolism ; Enzyme Activation - drug effects ; Estrogens ; Female ; Flowers - chemistry ; Food ; Functional foods & nutraceuticals ; Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects ; Isoflavones ; Isoflavones - chemistry ; Isoflavones - pharmacology ; Liver ; Liver - drug effects ; Liver - metabolism ; Menopause ; Metabolism ; Mice ; Models, Animal ; Natural & organic foods ; Osteogenesis - drug effects ; Ovariectomy ; Pharmaceuticals ; Phytoestrogens ; Plant Extracts - chemistry ; Plant Extracts - pharmacology ; Post-menopause ; Pueraria ; Pueraria - chemistry ; Safety ; Sex hormones</subject><ispartof>International journal of molecular sciences, 2019-06, Vol.20 (12), p.2867</ispartof><rights>2019. This work is licensed under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2019 by the authors. 2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c412t-f3aab0f71e48e8a9f07ba4a4d71cc6d0469e3d8f5327f6345d98edc71497ae923</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c412t-f3aab0f71e48e8a9f07ba4a4d71cc6d0469e3d8f5327f6345d98edc71497ae923</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-6302-4507</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6627882/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6627882/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27903,27904,53769,53771</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31212773$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tousen, Yuko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Takebayashi, Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kondo, Takashi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fuchino, Hiroyuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kawano, Noriaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Inui, Takayuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yoshimatsu, Kayo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kawahara, Nobuo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ishimi, Yoshiko</creatorcontrib><title>Safety and Efficacy Assessment of Isoflavones from Pueraria (Kudzu) Flower Extract in Ovariectomised Mice: A Comparison with Soy Isoflavones</title><title>International journal of molecular sciences</title><addtitle>Int J Mol Sci</addtitle><description>Numerous Foods with Function Claims that contain the extract of
flower (kudzu) isoflavones (PFI) are available in the Japanese market. These are labelled with function claims of reducing visceral fat. However, these foods have not undergone proper safety assessment such as the evaluation of their oestrogenic activity and effects on drug-metabolising enzymes (cytochrome P-450: CYP) in the liver. This study evaluated the estrogenic effect and the hepatic CYP activity and mRNA expression in normal female mice as a safety assessment of PFI (Experiment 1). In addition, the bone mineral density and visceral fat weight in ovariectomised mice (OVX) compared to soy isoflavones (SI) was evaluated to assess the efficacy of PFI (Experiment 2). OVX control fed a control diet, OVX fed a PFI diet (the recommended human intake of PFI), OVX fed a PFI20 diet (20- times the recommended PFI), OVX fed an SI diet (the recommended human intake of SI), and OVX fed an SI20 diet (20 -times the recommended intake of SI) for 28 days in Experiment 2. Body, liver, and visceral fat weights were not affected by the PFI, PFI20, SI, or SI20 diets. The hepatic CYP1A and CYP3A activities were elevated by the SI20 treatment. Ovariectomy-induced bone loss was inhibited by the SI20 treatment, but not by the PFI20 treatment. These results suggest that (1) PFI intake in human doses had no oestrogenic properties and did not affect CYP activity in the liver; (2) there was no evidence that PFI affects the amount of visceral fat in OVX mice.</description><subject>Abdomen</subject><subject>Abdominal Fat - drug effects</subject><subject>Abdominal Fat - metabolism</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biomarkers</subject><subject>Bone Density - drug effects</subject><subject>Consumption</subject><subject>Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - metabolism</subject><subject>Dietary supplements</subject><subject>Drug metabolism</subject><subject>Enzyme Activation - drug effects</subject><subject>Estrogens</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Flowers - chemistry</subject><subject>Food</subject><subject>Functional foods & nutraceuticals</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects</subject><subject>Isoflavones</subject><subject>Isoflavones - chemistry</subject><subject>Isoflavones - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>International journal of molecular sciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Tousen, Yuko</au><au>Takebayashi, Jun</au><au>Kondo, Takashi</au><au>Fuchino, Hiroyuki</au><au>Kawano, Noriaki</au><au>Inui, Takayuki</au><au>Yoshimatsu, Kayo</au><au>Kawahara, Nobuo</au><au>Ishimi, Yoshiko</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Safety and Efficacy Assessment of Isoflavones from Pueraria (Kudzu) Flower Extract in Ovariectomised Mice: A Comparison with Soy Isoflavones</atitle><jtitle>International journal of molecular sciences</jtitle><addtitle>Int J Mol Sci</addtitle><date>2019-06-12</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>20</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>2867</spage><pages>2867-</pages><issn>1422-0067</issn><issn>1661-6596</issn><eissn>1422-0067</eissn><abstract>Numerous Foods with Function Claims that contain the extract of
flower (kudzu) isoflavones (PFI) are available in the Japanese market. These are labelled with function claims of reducing visceral fat. However, these foods have not undergone proper safety assessment such as the evaluation of their oestrogenic activity and effects on drug-metabolising enzymes (cytochrome P-450: CYP) in the liver. This study evaluated the estrogenic effect and the hepatic CYP activity and mRNA expression in normal female mice as a safety assessment of PFI (Experiment 1). In addition, the bone mineral density and visceral fat weight in ovariectomised mice (OVX) compared to soy isoflavones (SI) was evaluated to assess the efficacy of PFI (Experiment 2). OVX control fed a control diet, OVX fed a PFI diet (the recommended human intake of PFI), OVX fed a PFI20 diet (20- times the recommended PFI), OVX fed an SI diet (the recommended human intake of SI), and OVX fed an SI20 diet (20 -times the recommended intake of SI) for 28 days in Experiment 2. Body, liver, and visceral fat weights were not affected by the PFI, PFI20, SI, or SI20 diets. The hepatic CYP1A and CYP3A activities were elevated by the SI20 treatment. Ovariectomy-induced bone loss was inhibited by the SI20 treatment, but not by the PFI20 treatment. These results suggest that (1) PFI intake in human doses had no oestrogenic properties and did not affect CYP activity in the liver; (2) there was no evidence that PFI affects the amount of visceral fat in OVX mice.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>31212773</pmid><doi>10.3390/ijms20122867</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6302-4507</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Abdomen Abdominal Fat - drug effects Abdominal Fat - metabolism Age Animals Biomarkers Bone Density - drug effects Consumption Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - metabolism Dietary supplements Drug metabolism Enzyme Activation - drug effects Estrogens Female Flowers - chemistry Food Functional foods & nutraceuticals Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects Isoflavones Isoflavones - chemistry Isoflavones - pharmacology Liver Liver - drug effects Liver - metabolism Menopause Metabolism Mice Models, Animal Natural & organic foods Osteogenesis - drug effects Ovariectomy Pharmaceuticals Phytoestrogens Plant Extracts - chemistry Plant Extracts - pharmacology Post-menopause Pueraria Pueraria - chemistry Safety Sex hormones |
| title | Safety and Efficacy Assessment of Isoflavones from Pueraria (Kudzu) Flower Extract in Ovariectomised Mice: A Comparison with Soy Isoflavones |
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