Effects of Intermittent Energy Restriction Combined with a Mediterranean Diet on Reducing Visceral Adiposity: A Randomized Active Comparator Pilot Study
Intermittent energy restriction combined with a Mediterranean diet (IER+MED) has shown promise to reduce body fat and insulin resistance. In the Multiethnic Cohort Adiposity Phenotype Study, Japanese Americans had the highest visceral adipose tissue (VAT) when adjusting for total adiposity. We condu...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Nutrients 2019-06, Vol.11 (6), p.1386 |
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| creator | Panizza, Chloe E Lim, Unhee Yonemori, Kim M Cassel, Kevin D Wilkens, Lynne R Harvie, Michelle N Maskarinec, Gertraud Delp, Edward J Lampe, Johanna W Shepherd, John A Le Marchand, Loïc Boushey, Carol J |
| description | Intermittent energy restriction combined with a Mediterranean diet (IER+MED) has shown promise to reduce body fat and insulin resistance. In the Multiethnic Cohort Adiposity Phenotype Study, Japanese Americans had the highest visceral adipose tissue (VAT) when adjusting for total adiposity. We conducted this pilot study to demonstrate feasibility and explore efficacy of following IER+MED for 12 weeks to reduce VAT among East Asians in Hawaii. Sixty volunteers (aged 35-55, BMI 25-40 kg/m
, VAT ≥ 90 cm
for men and ≥ 80 cm
for women) were randomized to IER+MED (two consecutive days with 70% energy restriction and 5 days euenergetic MED) or an active comparator (euenergetic Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet). Participants and clinic staff (except dietitians) were blinded to group assignments. IER+MED had significantly larger reductions in DXA-measured VAT and total fat mass (-22.6 ± 3.6 cm
and -3.3 ± 0.4 kg, respectively) vs. DASH (-10.7 ± 3.5 cm
and -1.6 ± 0.4 kg) (
= 0.02 and
= 0.005). However, after adjusting for total fat mass, change in VAT was not statistically different between groups; whereas, improvement in alanine transaminase remained significantly greater for IER+MED vs. DASH (-16.2 ± 3.8 U/L vs. -4.0 ± 3.6 U/L, respectively,
= 0.02). Attrition rate was 10%, and participants adhered well to study prescriptions with no reported major adverse effect. Results demonstrate IER+MED is acceptable, lowers visceral and total adiposity among East Asian Americans, and may improve liver function more effectively than a healthful diet pattern. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03639350. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/nu11061386 |
| format | Article |
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, VAT ≥ 90 cm
for men and ≥ 80 cm
for women) were randomized to IER+MED (two consecutive days with 70% energy restriction and 5 days euenergetic MED) or an active comparator (euenergetic Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet). Participants and clinic staff (except dietitians) were blinded to group assignments. IER+MED had significantly larger reductions in DXA-measured VAT and total fat mass (-22.6 ± 3.6 cm
and -3.3 ± 0.4 kg, respectively) vs. DASH (-10.7 ± 3.5 cm
and -1.6 ± 0.4 kg) (
= 0.02 and
= 0.005). However, after adjusting for total fat mass, change in VAT was not statistically different between groups; whereas, improvement in alanine transaminase remained significantly greater for IER+MED vs. DASH (-16.2 ± 3.8 U/L vs. -4.0 ± 3.6 U/L, respectively,
= 0.02). Attrition rate was 10%, and participants adhered well to study prescriptions with no reported major adverse effect. Results demonstrate IER+MED is acceptable, lowers visceral and total adiposity among East Asian Americans, and may improve liver function more effectively than a healthful diet pattern. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03639350.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2072-6643</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2072-6643</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/nu11061386</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31226790</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Accelerometers ; Adipose tissue ; Adiposity ; Adult ; adverse effects ; Aged ; alanine transaminase ; Asian Americans ; Asians ; Beverages ; Body fat ; Body mass index ; Caloric Restriction - methods ; Diet, Mediterranean ; Diet, Reducing - methods ; Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet ; dietitians ; eating habits ; Female ; Hawaii ; Humans ; Insulin ; insulin resistance ; Intra-Abdominal Fat - physiopathology ; liver function ; low calorie diet ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Male ; Mediterranean diet ; Middle Aged ; Nutrient deficiency ; Obesity ; Obesity, Abdominal - diet therapy ; Obesity, Abdominal - physiopathology ; phenotype ; Physical activity ; Pilot Projects ; Potatoes ; Sweet potatoes ; Tofu ; Treatment Outcome ; volunteers ; Womens health</subject><ispartof>Nutrients, 2019-06, Vol.11 (6), p.1386</ispartof><rights>2019. This work is licensed under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2019 by the authors. 2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c480t-d174a58f5114a8d0c977a0a00e015e4959c2d0e330cd48eb32fb35040818a2403</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c480t-d174a58f5114a8d0c977a0a00e015e4959c2d0e330cd48eb32fb35040818a2403</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-4278-1602 ; 0000-0001-5013-980X ; 0000-0001-7517-787X ; 0000-0003-2280-2541 ; 0000-0003-2717-3780 ; 0000-0001-6221-7190 ; 0000-0001-9761-3089 ; 0000-0002-2909-7323</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6627434/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6627434/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31226790$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Panizza, Chloe E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, Unhee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yonemori, Kim M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cassel, Kevin D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilkens, Lynne R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harvie, Michelle N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maskarinec, Gertraud</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Delp, Edward J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lampe, Johanna W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shepherd, John A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Le Marchand, Loïc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boushey, Carol J</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of Intermittent Energy Restriction Combined with a Mediterranean Diet on Reducing Visceral Adiposity: A Randomized Active Comparator Pilot Study</title><title>Nutrients</title><addtitle>Nutrients</addtitle><description>Intermittent energy restriction combined with a Mediterranean diet (IER+MED) has shown promise to reduce body fat and insulin resistance. In the Multiethnic Cohort Adiposity Phenotype Study, Japanese Americans had the highest visceral adipose tissue (VAT) when adjusting for total adiposity. We conducted this pilot study to demonstrate feasibility and explore efficacy of following IER+MED for 12 weeks to reduce VAT among East Asians in Hawaii. Sixty volunteers (aged 35-55, BMI 25-40 kg/m
, VAT ≥ 90 cm
for men and ≥ 80 cm
for women) were randomized to IER+MED (two consecutive days with 70% energy restriction and 5 days euenergetic MED) or an active comparator (euenergetic Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet). Participants and clinic staff (except dietitians) were blinded to group assignments. IER+MED had significantly larger reductions in DXA-measured VAT and total fat mass (-22.6 ± 3.6 cm
and -3.3 ± 0.4 kg, respectively) vs. DASH (-10.7 ± 3.5 cm
and -1.6 ± 0.4 kg) (
= 0.02 and
= 0.005). However, after adjusting for total fat mass, change in VAT was not statistically different between groups; whereas, improvement in alanine transaminase remained significantly greater for IER+MED vs. DASH (-16.2 ± 3.8 U/L vs. -4.0 ± 3.6 U/L, respectively,
= 0.02). Attrition rate was 10%, and participants adhered well to study prescriptions with no reported major adverse effect. Results demonstrate IER+MED is acceptable, lowers visceral and total adiposity among East Asian Americans, and may improve liver function more effectively than a healthful diet pattern. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03639350.</description><subject>Accelerometers</subject><subject>Adipose tissue</subject><subject>Adiposity</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>adverse effects</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>alanine transaminase</subject><subject>Asian Americans</subject><subject>Asians</subject><subject>Beverages</subject><subject>Body fat</subject><subject>Body mass index</subject><subject>Caloric Restriction - methods</subject><subject>Diet, Mediterranean</subject><subject>Diet, Reducing - methods</subject><subject>Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet</subject><subject>dietitians</subject><subject>eating habits</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Hawaii</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Insulin</subject><subject>insulin resistance</subject><subject>Intra-Abdominal Fat - physiopathology</subject><subject>liver function</subject><subject>low calorie diet</subject><subject>Magnetic resonance imaging</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mediterranean diet</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Nutrient deficiency</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>Obesity, Abdominal - diet therapy</subject><subject>Obesity, Abdominal - physiopathology</subject><subject>phenotype</subject><subject>Physical activity</subject><subject>Pilot Projects</subject><subject>Potatoes</subject><subject>Sweet potatoes</subject><subject>Tofu</subject><subject>Treatment Outcome</subject><subject>volunteers</subject><subject>Womens health</subject><issn>2072-6643</issn><issn>2072-6643</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkl1rFDEUhoMottTe-AMk4I0Iqycfk8l4ISzrVgsVZf24Ddkks02ZSbZJprL-kv5cs7TW6pUnFzmQJy_nvLwIPSXwirEOXoeJEBCESfEAHVJo6UwIzh7e6w_Qcc4XsK8WWsEeowNGKBVtB4foetn3zpSMY49PQ3Fp9KW4UPAyuLTZ4ZXLJXlTfAx4Ece1D87iH76cY40_Ouvrj6SD0wG_867gSq2cnYwPG_zdZ-OSHvDc-m3Mvuze4Dle6WDj6H9WmXmVvXJ72a1OusSEP_shFvylTHb3BD3q9ZDd8e19hL6dLL8uPszOPr0_XczPZoZLKDNLWq4b2TeEcC0tmK5tNWgAB6RxvGs6Qy04xsBYLt2a0X7NGuAgidSUAztCb290t9N6dNbU3evMapv8qNNORe3V3y_Bn6tNvFJC0JYzXgVe3AqkeDlVu9S4X3wYqi1xyopSKeqp9R8obwRIaElFn_-DXsQpheqEoow0rJEMWKVe3lAmxZyT6-_mJqD28VB_4lHhZ_c3vUN_h4H9ArRztj4</recordid><startdate>20190620</startdate><enddate>20190620</enddate><creator>Panizza, Chloe E</creator><creator>Lim, Unhee</creator><creator>Yonemori, Kim M</creator><creator>Cassel, Kevin D</creator><creator>Wilkens, Lynne R</creator><creator>Harvie, Michelle N</creator><creator>Maskarinec, Gertraud</creator><creator>Delp, Edward J</creator><creator>Lampe, Johanna W</creator><creator>Shepherd, John A</creator><creator>Le Marchand, Loïc</creator><creator>Boushey, Carol J</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7S9</scope><scope>L.6</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4278-1602</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5013-980X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7517-787X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2280-2541</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2717-3780</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6221-7190</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9761-3089</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2909-7323</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20190620</creationdate><title>Effects of Intermittent Energy Restriction Combined with a Mediterranean Diet on Reducing Visceral Adiposity: A Randomized Active Comparator Pilot Study</title><author>Panizza, Chloe E ; Lim, Unhee ; Yonemori, Kim M ; Cassel, Kevin D ; Wilkens, Lynne R ; Harvie, Michelle N ; Maskarinec, Gertraud ; Delp, Edward J ; Lampe, Johanna W ; Shepherd, John A ; Le Marchand, Loïc ; Boushey, Carol J</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c480t-d174a58f5114a8d0c977a0a00e015e4959c2d0e330cd48eb32fb35040818a2403</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Accelerometers</topic><topic>Adipose tissue</topic><topic>Adiposity</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>adverse effects</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>alanine transaminase</topic><topic>Asian Americans</topic><topic>Asians</topic><topic>Beverages</topic><topic>Body fat</topic><topic>Body mass index</topic><topic>Caloric Restriction - methods</topic><topic>Diet, Mediterranean</topic><topic>Diet, Reducing - methods</topic><topic>Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet</topic><topic>dietitians</topic><topic>eating habits</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Hawaii</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Insulin</topic><topic>insulin resistance</topic><topic>Intra-Abdominal Fat - physiopathology</topic><topic>liver function</topic><topic>low calorie diet</topic><topic>Magnetic resonance imaging</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Mediterranean diet</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Nutrient deficiency</topic><topic>Obesity</topic><topic>Obesity, Abdominal - diet therapy</topic><topic>Obesity, Abdominal - physiopathology</topic><topic>phenotype</topic><topic>Physical activity</topic><topic>Pilot Projects</topic><topic>Potatoes</topic><topic>Sweet potatoes</topic><topic>Tofu</topic><topic>Treatment Outcome</topic><topic>volunteers</topic><topic>Womens health</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Panizza, Chloe E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, Unhee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yonemori, Kim M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cassel, Kevin D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilkens, Lynne R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harvie, Michelle N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maskarinec, Gertraud</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Delp, Edward J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lampe, Johanna W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shepherd, John A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Le Marchand, Loïc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boushey, Carol J</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>AGRICOLA</collection><collection>AGRICOLA - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Nutrients</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Panizza, Chloe E</au><au>Lim, Unhee</au><au>Yonemori, Kim M</au><au>Cassel, Kevin D</au><au>Wilkens, Lynne R</au><au>Harvie, Michelle N</au><au>Maskarinec, Gertraud</au><au>Delp, Edward J</au><au>Lampe, Johanna W</au><au>Shepherd, John A</au><au>Le Marchand, Loïc</au><au>Boushey, Carol J</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of Intermittent Energy Restriction Combined with a Mediterranean Diet on Reducing Visceral Adiposity: A Randomized Active Comparator Pilot Study</atitle><jtitle>Nutrients</jtitle><addtitle>Nutrients</addtitle><date>2019-06-20</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>1386</spage><pages>1386-</pages><issn>2072-6643</issn><eissn>2072-6643</eissn><abstract>Intermittent energy restriction combined with a Mediterranean diet (IER+MED) has shown promise to reduce body fat and insulin resistance. In the Multiethnic Cohort Adiposity Phenotype Study, Japanese Americans had the highest visceral adipose tissue (VAT) when adjusting for total adiposity. We conducted this pilot study to demonstrate feasibility and explore efficacy of following IER+MED for 12 weeks to reduce VAT among East Asians in Hawaii. Sixty volunteers (aged 35-55, BMI 25-40 kg/m
, VAT ≥ 90 cm
for men and ≥ 80 cm
for women) were randomized to IER+MED (two consecutive days with 70% energy restriction and 5 days euenergetic MED) or an active comparator (euenergetic Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet). Participants and clinic staff (except dietitians) were blinded to group assignments. IER+MED had significantly larger reductions in DXA-measured VAT and total fat mass (-22.6 ± 3.6 cm
and -3.3 ± 0.4 kg, respectively) vs. DASH (-10.7 ± 3.5 cm
and -1.6 ± 0.4 kg) (
= 0.02 and
= 0.005). However, after adjusting for total fat mass, change in VAT was not statistically different between groups; whereas, improvement in alanine transaminase remained significantly greater for IER+MED vs. DASH (-16.2 ± 3.8 U/L vs. -4.0 ± 3.6 U/L, respectively,
= 0.02). Attrition rate was 10%, and participants adhered well to study prescriptions with no reported major adverse effect. Results demonstrate IER+MED is acceptable, lowers visceral and total adiposity among East Asian Americans, and may improve liver function more effectively than a healthful diet pattern. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03639350.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>31226790</pmid><doi>10.3390/nu11061386</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4278-1602</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5013-980X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7517-787X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2280-2541</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2717-3780</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6221-7190</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9761-3089</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2909-7323</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Nutrients, 2019-06, Vol.11 (6), p.1386 |
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| source | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; PubMed Central Open Access |
| subjects | Accelerometers Adipose tissue Adiposity Adult adverse effects Aged alanine transaminase Asian Americans Asians Beverages Body fat Body mass index Caloric Restriction - methods Diet, Mediterranean Diet, Reducing - methods Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet dietitians eating habits Female Hawaii Humans Insulin insulin resistance Intra-Abdominal Fat - physiopathology liver function low calorie diet Magnetic resonance imaging Male Mediterranean diet Middle Aged Nutrient deficiency Obesity Obesity, Abdominal - diet therapy Obesity, Abdominal - physiopathology phenotype Physical activity Pilot Projects Potatoes Sweet potatoes Tofu Treatment Outcome volunteers Womens health |
| title | Effects of Intermittent Energy Restriction Combined with a Mediterranean Diet on Reducing Visceral Adiposity: A Randomized Active Comparator Pilot Study |
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