Physiological Responses to Heat Acclimation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of heat acclimatization (HA) on time trial (TT) performance, maximum oxygen uptake (VO ), exercise heart rate (HR ), time trials heart rate (HR ), maximal heart rate (HR ), core temperature (T ), mean skin temperature (T ), thermal comf...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of sports science & medicine 2019-06, Vol.18 (2), p.316-326 |
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| creator | Rahimi, Gholam R Mohammed Albanaqi, Alsaeedi L Van der Touw, Tom Smart, Neil A |
| description | The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of heat acclimatization (HA) on time trial (TT) performance, maximum oxygen uptake (VO
), exercise heart rate (HR
), time trials heart rate (HR
), maximal heart rate (HR
), core temperature (T
), mean skin temperature (T
), thermal comfort (T
), plasma volume (PV), blood lactate concentration and rate of perceived exertion (RPE). Cochrane-CENTRAL, EMBASE, CINAHL and PubMed databases and reference lists of included studies were searched for randomized controlled trials that investigated the efficacy of HA in athletes. Data were then extracted from the entered studies for analyses. A total of 11 randomised controlled trials (215 participants; mean age, 26.09 years; 91% men) were included after screening of 508 titles and abstracts and 19 full-text articles. The pooled standard mean difference (SMD) between the HA and non-HA groups were 0.50 (95% CI: 0.03 to 0.97, p = 0.04) for TT performance and 1 (95% CI: 1 to 2, p = 0.007) for HR
. The pooled mean difference (MD) between the HA and non-HA groups were -7 (95% CI: -13 to -1, p = 0.03) for HR
. The changes in T
and RPE were too small to be meaningful. There were no significant differences between the HA and non-HA groups for VO
, HR
, T
, T
, PV and blood lactate concentration (all p > 0.05). This meta-analysis implies that HA may improve tolerance to discomfort during heat exposure, but may not necessarily improve the associated physiological markers of improved performance. |
| format | Article |
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), exercise heart rate (HR
), time trials heart rate (HR
), maximal heart rate (HR
), core temperature (T
), mean skin temperature (T
), thermal comfort (T
), plasma volume (PV), blood lactate concentration and rate of perceived exertion (RPE). Cochrane-CENTRAL, EMBASE, CINAHL and PubMed databases and reference lists of included studies were searched for randomized controlled trials that investigated the efficacy of HA in athletes. Data were then extracted from the entered studies for analyses. A total of 11 randomised controlled trials (215 participants; mean age, 26.09 years; 91% men) were included after screening of 508 titles and abstracts and 19 full-text articles. The pooled standard mean difference (SMD) between the HA and non-HA groups were 0.50 (95% CI: 0.03 to 0.97, p = 0.04) for TT performance and 1 (95% CI: 1 to 2, p = 0.007) for HR
. The pooled mean difference (MD) between the HA and non-HA groups were -7 (95% CI: -13 to -1, p = 0.03) for HR
. The changes in T
and RPE were too small to be meaningful. There were no significant differences between the HA and non-HA groups for VO
, HR
, T
, T
, PV and blood lactate concentration (all p > 0.05). This meta-analysis implies that HA may improve tolerance to discomfort during heat exposure, but may not necessarily improve the associated physiological markers of improved performance.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1303-2968</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1303-2968</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31191102</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Turkey: Journal of Sports Science and Medicine</publisher><subject>Acclimatization - physiology ; Anaerobic threshold ; Analysis ; Athletes ; Athletic Performance - physiology ; Blood ; Body Temperature ; Chronic illnesses ; Clinical trials ; Drug dosages ; Employment ; Endurance ; Exercise ; Fitness training programs ; Heart beat ; Heart Rate ; Heat ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Lactates ; Lactic Acid - blood ; Medicine ; Meta-analysis ; Oxygen Consumption ; Physical fitness ; Physiological aspects ; Physiology ; Plasma Volume ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Review ; Science ; Skin ; Skin Temperature ; Sports medicine ; Systematic review</subject><ispartof>Journal of sports science & medicine, 2019-06, Vol.18 (2), p.316-326</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2019 Journal of Sports Science and Medicine</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2019 Journal of Sports Science and Medicine</rights><rights>2019. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>Journal of Sports Science and Medicine 2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6543994/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6543994/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31191102$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Rahimi, Gholam R Mohammed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Albanaqi, Alsaeedi L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Van der Touw, Tom</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smart, Neil A</creatorcontrib><title>Physiological Responses to Heat Acclimation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials</title><title>Journal of sports science & medicine</title><addtitle>J Sports Sci Med</addtitle><description>The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of heat acclimatization (HA) on time trial (TT) performance, maximum oxygen uptake (VO
), exercise heart rate (HR
), time trials heart rate (HR
), maximal heart rate (HR
), core temperature (T
), mean skin temperature (T
), thermal comfort (T
), plasma volume (PV), blood lactate concentration and rate of perceived exertion (RPE). Cochrane-CENTRAL, EMBASE, CINAHL and PubMed databases and reference lists of included studies were searched for randomized controlled trials that investigated the efficacy of HA in athletes. Data were then extracted from the entered studies for analyses. A total of 11 randomised controlled trials (215 participants; mean age, 26.09 years; 91% men) were included after screening of 508 titles and abstracts and 19 full-text articles. The pooled standard mean difference (SMD) between the HA and non-HA groups were 0.50 (95% CI: 0.03 to 0.97, p = 0.04) for TT performance and 1 (95% CI: 1 to 2, p = 0.007) for HR
. The pooled mean difference (MD) between the HA and non-HA groups were -7 (95% CI: -13 to -1, p = 0.03) for HR
. The changes in T
and RPE were too small to be meaningful. There were no significant differences between the HA and non-HA groups for VO
, HR
, T
, T
, PV and blood lactate concentration (all p > 0.05). This meta-analysis implies that HA may improve tolerance to discomfort during heat exposure, but may not necessarily improve the associated physiological markers of improved performance.</description><subject>Acclimatization - physiology</subject><subject>Anaerobic threshold</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Athletes</subject><subject>Athletic Performance - physiology</subject><subject>Blood</subject><subject>Body Temperature</subject><subject>Chronic illnesses</subject><subject>Clinical trials</subject><subject>Drug dosages</subject><subject>Employment</subject><subject>Endurance</subject><subject>Exercise</subject><subject>Fitness training programs</subject><subject>Heart beat</subject><subject>Heart Rate</subject><subject>Heat</subject><subject>Hot Temperature</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Lactates</subject><subject>Lactic Acid - blood</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Meta-analysis</subject><subject>Oxygen Consumption</subject><subject>Physical fitness</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Plasma Volume</subject><subject>Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic</subject><subject>Review</subject><subject>Science</subject><subject>Skin</subject><subject>Skin Temperature</subject><subject>Sports medicine</subject><subject>Systematic review</subject><issn>1303-2968</issn><issn>1303-2968</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqNksFu1DAQhiMEoqXwCsgSEoJDkGPHic0BKVpBW2mhqC1ny3HGWVdOvI2dwvL0eNWCNogD8mHG429-2zPzKDsuKKY5ERV_fOAfZc9CuMGYMEb40-yIFoUoCkyOs-nrZhesd763Wjl0CWHrxwABRY_OQEXUaO3soKL143vUoKtdiLDf6sTeWfiO1NihzxBV3ozKJa2AvEGXKeoH-xM6tPJjnLxzyb2erHLhefbEJAMvHuxJ9u3Tx-vVWb6-OD1fNeu8L2scc2NqUreYG6UoCA6mIDUmXDDT1Rzamglh2qqitdBMG84NJmULwFVd6Y4ITk-yD_e627kdoNOQ3qGc3E7pO9NOemXl8mS0G9n7O1mxkgpRJoE3DwKTv50hRDnYoME5NYKfgySU0gpXJSMJffUXeuPnKRUkUUSQglWMiES9u6d65UDa0fh0r06rg8FqP4KxKd4wwWrMOGcp4e0iITERfsRezSHI86sv_83y0_WSzf_F6n2bepCpDauLJf_6gN-AcnETvJv3UxGW4MvDmv8p9u-Bo78AnuXQeg</recordid><startdate>20190601</startdate><enddate>20190601</enddate><creator>Rahimi, Gholam R Mohammed</creator><creator>Albanaqi, Alsaeedi L</creator><creator>Van der Touw, Tom</creator><creator>Smart, Neil A</creator><general>Journal of Sports Science and Medicine</general><general>Uludag University</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>8GL</scope><scope>ISN</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20190601</creationdate><title>Physiological Responses to Heat Acclimation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials</title><author>Rahimi, Gholam R Mohammed ; 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), exercise heart rate (HR
), time trials heart rate (HR
), maximal heart rate (HR
), core temperature (T
), mean skin temperature (T
), thermal comfort (T
), plasma volume (PV), blood lactate concentration and rate of perceived exertion (RPE). Cochrane-CENTRAL, EMBASE, CINAHL and PubMed databases and reference lists of included studies were searched for randomized controlled trials that investigated the efficacy of HA in athletes. Data were then extracted from the entered studies for analyses. A total of 11 randomised controlled trials (215 participants; mean age, 26.09 years; 91% men) were included after screening of 508 titles and abstracts and 19 full-text articles. The pooled standard mean difference (SMD) between the HA and non-HA groups were 0.50 (95% CI: 0.03 to 0.97, p = 0.04) for TT performance and 1 (95% CI: 1 to 2, p = 0.007) for HR
. The pooled mean difference (MD) between the HA and non-HA groups were -7 (95% CI: -13 to -1, p = 0.03) for HR
. The changes in T
and RPE were too small to be meaningful. There were no significant differences between the HA and non-HA groups for VO
, HR
, T
, T
, PV and blood lactate concentration (all p > 0.05). This meta-analysis implies that HA may improve tolerance to discomfort during heat exposure, but may not necessarily improve the associated physiological markers of improved performance.</abstract><cop>Turkey</cop><pub>Journal of Sports Science and Medicine</pub><pmid>31191102</pmid><tpages>11</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of sports science & medicine, 2019-06, Vol.18 (2), p.316-326 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Acclimatization - physiology Anaerobic threshold Analysis Athletes Athletic Performance - physiology Blood Body Temperature Chronic illnesses Clinical trials Drug dosages Employment Endurance Exercise Fitness training programs Heart beat Heart Rate Heat Hot Temperature Humans Lactates Lactic Acid - blood Medicine Meta-analysis Oxygen Consumption Physical fitness Physiological aspects Physiology Plasma Volume Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Review Science Skin Skin Temperature Sports medicine Systematic review |
| title | Physiological Responses to Heat Acclimation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials |
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