Importance of Treatment Status in Links Between Type 2 Diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease

To investigate relationships among type 2 diabetes treatment, Alzheimer's disease(AD) biomarkers, and risk for dementia. Participants were from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative ( = 1,289) and were dementia-free at baseline and underwent health assessment, cognitive testing, and MRI. A subset ( = 900) obtained a lumbar puncture to determine cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) phosphorylated tau (p-tau), total tau (t-tau), and β-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ1-42). Participants were grouped by fasting blood glucose and medication history: euglycemia (EU), prediabetes (PD), untreated diabetes (UD), and treated diabetes (TD). Relationships were investigated between treatment status and CSF biomarkers and risk for dementia. The UD group displayed greater p-tau, t-tau, and p-tau/Aβ1-42 levels than the EU, PD, and TD groups ( values