Taking a look into the orbit of mammalian carnivorans

In this study, we explore the relationship between orbit anatomy and different ecological factors in carnivorous mammals from a phylogenetic perspective. We calculated the frontation (α), convergence (β), and orbitotemporal (Ω) angles of the orbit from 3D coordinates of anatomical landmarks in a wid...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of anatomy 2019-05, Vol.234 (5), p.622-636
Hauptverfasser: Casares‐Hidalgo, Carlos, Pérez‐Ramos, Alejandro, Forner‐Gumbau, Manuel, Pastor, Francisco J., Figueirido, Borja
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container_end_page 636
container_issue 5
container_start_page 622
container_title Journal of anatomy
container_volume 234
creator Casares‐Hidalgo, Carlos
Pérez‐Ramos, Alejandro
Forner‐Gumbau, Manuel
Pastor, Francisco J.
Figueirido, Borja
description In this study, we explore the relationship between orbit anatomy and different ecological factors in carnivorous mammals from a phylogenetic perspective. We calculated the frontation (α), convergence (β), and orbitotemporal (Ω) angles of the orbit from 3D coordinates of anatomical landmarks in a wide sample of carnivores with different kinds of visual strategy (i.e. photopic, scotopic, and mesopic), habitat (i.e. open, mixed, and closed), and substrate use (i.e. arboreal, terrestrial, and aquatic). We used Bloomberg's K and Pagel's λ to assess phylogenetic signal in frontation, convergence, and orbitotemporal angles. The association of orbit orientation with skull length and ecology was explored using phylogenetic generalized least squares and phylogenetic manova, respectively. Moreover, we also computed phylomorphospaces from orbit orientation. Our results indicate that there is not a clear association between orbit orientation and the ecology of living carnivorans. We hypothesize that the evolution of the orbit in mammalian carnivores represents a new case of an ecological bottleneck specific to carnivorans. New directions for future research are discussed in light of this new evidence.
doi_str_mv 10.1111/joa.12953
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subjects Animals
Carnivora - anatomy & histology
Carnivores
Convergence
Ecosystem
Fossils - anatomy & histology
habitat use
mammalian carnivores
Mammals - anatomy & histology
Orbit - anatomy & histology
orbit anatomy
Orientation behavior
Original
phylogenetic signal
Phylogenetics
Phylogeny
visual strategy
title Taking a look into the orbit of mammalian carnivorans
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