Stable Iodine Distribution Among Children After the 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Disaster in Japan: An Observational Study
Abstract Context Intake of stable iodine helps prevent childhood thyroid cancer in nuclear emergencies, but there is limited case information. Objective We identified the intake rate and the factors associated with no intake among children who did not take stable iodine after the Fukushima disaster....
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2019-05, Vol.104 (5), p.1658-1666 |
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| container_title | The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism |
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| creator | Nishikawa, Yoshitaka Kohno, Ayako Takahashi, Yoshimitsu Suzuki, Chiaki Kinoshita, Hirokatsu Nakayama, Takeo Tsubokura, Masaharu |
| description | Abstract
Context
Intake of stable iodine helps prevent childhood thyroid cancer in nuclear emergencies, but there is limited case information.
Objective
We identified the intake rate and the factors associated with no intake among children who did not take stable iodine after the Fukushima disaster.
Design
Retrospective observational study.
Setting
Data were obtained from thyroid cancer screenings performed from August through November 2017.
Participants
Children in Miharu Town, Fukushima, Japan.
Intervention
No intervention.
Main Outcome Measures
We performed multilevel logistic regression analysis at the regional and individual levels. We qualitatively examined the reasons for no intake of stable iodine based on closed- and open-ended questions.
Results
The rate of distribution was 94.9%, but the intake rate was only 63.5%. Intake was lower in those aged 0 to 2 years compared with those aged ≥3 years (OR, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.36). Parents’ intake was positively associated with their children’s intake (OR, 61.0; 95% CI, 37.9 to 102.9). The variance partition coefficient for regions was 0.021, suggesting that the intake of stable iodine was more likely affected by individual than by regional factors. Closed-ended questions showed that the main reason for avoiding intake was concern about safety. Open-ended questions for other reasons revealed issues related to the distribution method, information about the effects and adverse effects of iodine, and instructions for iodine intake. There were no symptomatic adverse effects claimed to the town.
Conclusions
The distribution and consumption of stable iodine occurred in Miharu Town after the Fukushima disaster. To prepare for future nuclear emergencies, it is important to explain to both children and parents the need for intake of stable iodine, particularly among young children.
The intake rate of stable iodine among children was only 63.5% in Miharu Town after the Fukushima disaster. Factors affecting the intake of stable iodine were identified. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1210/jc.2018-02136 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_6441009</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A688651965</galeid><oup_id>10.1210/jc.2018-02136</oup_id><sourcerecordid>A688651965</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c6676-8ffea0beae426b8bedd27f14d2f137a5fc2c951b11b03e24973317f44ee53b9a3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kk1v1DAQhiMEokvhyBVZ4sIli7-z4YC0WigUVfRQkLhZTjLeeOu1Fztp1X-Pw24LrUA-WB4_845n_BbFS4LnhBL8dtPOKSaLElPC5KNiRmouyorU1eNihnOwrCv646h4ltIGY8K5YE-LI4YFE1SKWTFcDLpxgE5DZz2gDzYN0TbjYINHy23wa7Tqresi5KMZIKKhB5QLEnQyXo6pt1uNvo6tAx2nZJ0mxnr0Re-0f4eWHp03CeKVnhS1QxfD2N08L54Y7RK8OOzHxfeTj99Wn8uz80-nq-VZ2UpZyXJhDGjcgAZOZbNooOtoZQjvqCGs0sK0tK0FaQhpMAPK64oxUhnOAQRras2Oi_d73d3YbKFrwQ9RO7WL-dXxRgVt1f0bb3u1DldKck4wrrPAm4NADD9HSIPa2tSCc9pDGJOiRAgieYV5Rl8_QDdhjLnlTDHJqWC5pz_UWjtQ1puQ67aTqFrKxUIKUkuRqfk_qLw62No2eDA2x-8llPuENoaUIpi7HglWk03UplWTTdRvm2T-1d-DuaNvfZEBsgeug8s_mi7deA1R9aDd0D8ULW9FD8MK4-5_9Q_oL0Rw0yU</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2364253667</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Stable Iodine Distribution Among Children After the 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Disaster in Japan: An Observational Study</title><source>Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current)</source><source>MEDLINE</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><source>ProQuest Central</source><creator>Nishikawa, Yoshitaka ; Kohno, Ayako ; Takahashi, Yoshimitsu ; Suzuki, Chiaki ; Kinoshita, Hirokatsu ; Nakayama, Takeo ; Tsubokura, Masaharu</creator><creatorcontrib>Nishikawa, Yoshitaka ; Kohno, Ayako ; Takahashi, Yoshimitsu ; Suzuki, Chiaki ; Kinoshita, Hirokatsu ; Nakayama, Takeo ; Tsubokura, Masaharu</creatorcontrib><description>Abstract
Context
Intake of stable iodine helps prevent childhood thyroid cancer in nuclear emergencies, but there is limited case information.
Objective
We identified the intake rate and the factors associated with no intake among children who did not take stable iodine after the Fukushima disaster.
Design
Retrospective observational study.
Setting
Data were obtained from thyroid cancer screenings performed from August through November 2017.
Participants
Children in Miharu Town, Fukushima, Japan.
Intervention
No intervention.
Main Outcome Measures
We performed multilevel logistic regression analysis at the regional and individual levels. We qualitatively examined the reasons for no intake of stable iodine based on closed- and open-ended questions.
Results
The rate of distribution was 94.9%, but the intake rate was only 63.5%. Intake was lower in those aged 0 to 2 years compared with those aged ≥3 years (OR, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.36). Parents’ intake was positively associated with their children’s intake (OR, 61.0; 95% CI, 37.9 to 102.9). The variance partition coefficient for regions was 0.021, suggesting that the intake of stable iodine was more likely affected by individual than by regional factors. Closed-ended questions showed that the main reason for avoiding intake was concern about safety. Open-ended questions for other reasons revealed issues related to the distribution method, information about the effects and adverse effects of iodine, and instructions for iodine intake. There were no symptomatic adverse effects claimed to the town.
Conclusions
The distribution and consumption of stable iodine occurred in Miharu Town after the Fukushima disaster. To prepare for future nuclear emergencies, it is important to explain to both children and parents the need for intake of stable iodine, particularly among young children.
The intake rate of stable iodine among children was only 63.5% in Miharu Town after the Fukushima disaster. Factors affecting the intake of stable iodine were identified.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0021-972X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1945-7197</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-02136</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30535265</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: Endocrine Society</publisher><subject>Adult ; Analysis ; Cancer ; Cancer screening ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Children ; Clinical s ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fukushima Nuclear Accident ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Iodine ; Iodine - administration & dosage ; Japan ; Male ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced - etiology ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced - prevention & control ; Nuclear accidents ; Observational studies ; Oncology, Experimental ; Patient Compliance ; Prevention ; Prognosis ; Radiation Exposure - adverse effects ; Radiation, Background ; Retrospective Studies ; Side effects ; Thyroid cancer ; Thyroid Neoplasms - etiology ; Thyroid Neoplasms - prevention & control</subject><ispartof>The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2019-05, Vol.104 (5), p.1658-1666</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2019 Endocrine Society 2019</rights><rights>Copyright © Oxford University Press 2015</rights><rights>Copyright © 2019 Endocrine Society.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2019 Oxford University Press</rights><rights>Copyright © 2019 Endocrine Society</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c6676-8ffea0beae426b8bedd27f14d2f137a5fc2c951b11b03e24973317f44ee53b9a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c6676-8ffea0beae426b8bedd27f14d2f137a5fc2c951b11b03e24973317f44ee53b9a3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-3313-1990</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2364253667?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,21367,27901,27902,33721,33722,43781</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30535265$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Nishikawa, Yoshitaka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kohno, Ayako</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Takahashi, Yoshimitsu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suzuki, Chiaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kinoshita, Hirokatsu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nakayama, Takeo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tsubokura, Masaharu</creatorcontrib><title>Stable Iodine Distribution Among Children After the 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Disaster in Japan: An Observational Study</title><title>The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</title><addtitle>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</addtitle><description>Abstract
Context
Intake of stable iodine helps prevent childhood thyroid cancer in nuclear emergencies, but there is limited case information.
Objective
We identified the intake rate and the factors associated with no intake among children who did not take stable iodine after the Fukushima disaster.
Design
Retrospective observational study.
Setting
Data were obtained from thyroid cancer screenings performed from August through November 2017.
Participants
Children in Miharu Town, Fukushima, Japan.
Intervention
No intervention.
Main Outcome Measures
We performed multilevel logistic regression analysis at the regional and individual levels. We qualitatively examined the reasons for no intake of stable iodine based on closed- and open-ended questions.
Results
The rate of distribution was 94.9%, but the intake rate was only 63.5%. Intake was lower in those aged 0 to 2 years compared with those aged ≥3 years (OR, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.36). Parents’ intake was positively associated with their children’s intake (OR, 61.0; 95% CI, 37.9 to 102.9). The variance partition coefficient for regions was 0.021, suggesting that the intake of stable iodine was more likely affected by individual than by regional factors. Closed-ended questions showed that the main reason for avoiding intake was concern about safety. Open-ended questions for other reasons revealed issues related to the distribution method, information about the effects and adverse effects of iodine, and instructions for iodine intake. There were no symptomatic adverse effects claimed to the town.
Conclusions
The distribution and consumption of stable iodine occurred in Miharu Town after the Fukushima disaster. To prepare for future nuclear emergencies, it is important to explain to both children and parents the need for intake of stable iodine, particularly among young children.
The intake rate of stable iodine among children was only 63.5% in Miharu Town after the Fukushima disaster. Factors affecting the intake of stable iodine were identified.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Cancer</subject><subject>Cancer screening</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Clinical s</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>Fukushima Nuclear Accident</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Infant, Newborn</subject><subject>Iodine</subject><subject>Iodine - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Japan</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced - etiology</subject><subject>Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced - prevention & control</subject><subject>Nuclear accidents</subject><subject>Observational studies</subject><subject>Oncology, Experimental</subject><subject>Patient Compliance</subject><subject>Prevention</subject><subject>Prognosis</subject><subject>Radiation Exposure - adverse effects</subject><subject>Radiation, Background</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Side effects</subject><subject>Thyroid cancer</subject><subject>Thyroid Neoplasms - etiology</subject><subject>Thyroid Neoplasms - prevention & control</subject><issn>0021-972X</issn><issn>1945-7197</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>TOX</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kk1v1DAQhiMEokvhyBVZ4sIli7-z4YC0WigUVfRQkLhZTjLeeOu1Fztp1X-Pw24LrUA-WB4_845n_BbFS4LnhBL8dtPOKSaLElPC5KNiRmouyorU1eNihnOwrCv646h4ltIGY8K5YE-LI4YFE1SKWTFcDLpxgE5DZz2gDzYN0TbjYINHy23wa7Tqresi5KMZIKKhB5QLEnQyXo6pt1uNvo6tAx2nZJ0mxnr0Re-0f4eWHp03CeKVnhS1QxfD2N08L54Y7RK8OOzHxfeTj99Wn8uz80-nq-VZ2UpZyXJhDGjcgAZOZbNooOtoZQjvqCGs0sK0tK0FaQhpMAPK64oxUhnOAQRras2Oi_d73d3YbKFrwQ9RO7WL-dXxRgVt1f0bb3u1DldKck4wrrPAm4NADD9HSIPa2tSCc9pDGJOiRAgieYV5Rl8_QDdhjLnlTDHJqWC5pz_UWjtQ1puQ67aTqFrKxUIKUkuRqfk_qLw62No2eDA2x-8llPuENoaUIpi7HglWk03UplWTTdRvm2T-1d-DuaNvfZEBsgeug8s_mi7deA1R9aDd0D8ULW9FD8MK4-5_9Q_oL0Rw0yU</recordid><startdate>201905</startdate><enddate>201905</enddate><creator>Nishikawa, Yoshitaka</creator><creator>Kohno, Ayako</creator><creator>Takahashi, Yoshimitsu</creator><creator>Suzuki, Chiaki</creator><creator>Kinoshita, Hirokatsu</creator><creator>Nakayama, Takeo</creator><creator>Tsubokura, Masaharu</creator><general>Endocrine Society</general><general>Copyright Oxford University Press</general><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>TOX</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3313-1990</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>201905</creationdate><title>Stable Iodine Distribution Among Children After the 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Disaster in Japan: An Observational Study</title><author>Nishikawa, Yoshitaka ; Kohno, Ayako ; Takahashi, Yoshimitsu ; Suzuki, Chiaki ; Kinoshita, Hirokatsu ; Nakayama, Takeo ; Tsubokura, Masaharu</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c6676-8ffea0beae426b8bedd27f14d2f137a5fc2c951b11b03e24973317f44ee53b9a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Cancer</topic><topic>Cancer screening</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Clinical s</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Follow-Up Studies</topic><topic>Fukushima Nuclear Accident</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infant</topic><topic>Infant, Newborn</topic><topic>Iodine</topic><topic>Iodine - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Japan</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced - etiology</topic><topic>Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced - prevention & control</topic><topic>Nuclear accidents</topic><topic>Observational studies</topic><topic>Oncology, Experimental</topic><topic>Patient Compliance</topic><topic>Prevention</topic><topic>Prognosis</topic><topic>Radiation Exposure - adverse effects</topic><topic>Radiation, Background</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Side effects</topic><topic>Thyroid cancer</topic><topic>Thyroid Neoplasms - etiology</topic><topic>Thyroid Neoplasms - prevention & control</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Nishikawa, Yoshitaka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kohno, Ayako</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Takahashi, Yoshimitsu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suzuki, Chiaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kinoshita, Hirokatsu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nakayama, Takeo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tsubokura, Masaharu</creatorcontrib><collection>Oxford Journals Open Access Collection</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Nishikawa, Yoshitaka</au><au>Kohno, Ayako</au><au>Takahashi, Yoshimitsu</au><au>Suzuki, Chiaki</au><au>Kinoshita, Hirokatsu</au><au>Nakayama, Takeo</au><au>Tsubokura, Masaharu</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Stable Iodine Distribution Among Children After the 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Disaster in Japan: An Observational Study</atitle><jtitle>The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</jtitle><addtitle>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</addtitle><date>2019-05</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>104</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>1658</spage><epage>1666</epage><pages>1658-1666</pages><issn>0021-972X</issn><eissn>1945-7197</eissn><abstract>Abstract
Context
Intake of stable iodine helps prevent childhood thyroid cancer in nuclear emergencies, but there is limited case information.
Objective
We identified the intake rate and the factors associated with no intake among children who did not take stable iodine after the Fukushima disaster.
Design
Retrospective observational study.
Setting
Data were obtained from thyroid cancer screenings performed from August through November 2017.
Participants
Children in Miharu Town, Fukushima, Japan.
Intervention
No intervention.
Main Outcome Measures
We performed multilevel logistic regression analysis at the regional and individual levels. We qualitatively examined the reasons for no intake of stable iodine based on closed- and open-ended questions.
Results
The rate of distribution was 94.9%, but the intake rate was only 63.5%. Intake was lower in those aged 0 to 2 years compared with those aged ≥3 years (OR, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.36). Parents’ intake was positively associated with their children’s intake (OR, 61.0; 95% CI, 37.9 to 102.9). The variance partition coefficient for regions was 0.021, suggesting that the intake of stable iodine was more likely affected by individual than by regional factors. Closed-ended questions showed that the main reason for avoiding intake was concern about safety. Open-ended questions for other reasons revealed issues related to the distribution method, information about the effects and adverse effects of iodine, and instructions for iodine intake. There were no symptomatic adverse effects claimed to the town.
Conclusions
The distribution and consumption of stable iodine occurred in Miharu Town after the Fukushima disaster. To prepare for future nuclear emergencies, it is important to explain to both children and parents the need for intake of stable iodine, particularly among young children.
The intake rate of stable iodine among children was only 63.5% in Miharu Town after the Fukushima disaster. Factors affecting the intake of stable iodine were identified.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>Endocrine Society</pub><pmid>30535265</pmid><doi>10.1210/jc.2018-02136</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3313-1990</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 0021-972X |
| ispartof | The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2019-05, Vol.104 (5), p.1658-1666 |
| issn | 0021-972X 1945-7197 |
| language | eng |
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| source | Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); MEDLINE; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection; ProQuest Central |
| subjects | Adult Analysis Cancer Cancer screening Child Child, Preschool Children Clinical s Female Follow-Up Studies Fukushima Nuclear Accident Humans Infant Infant, Newborn Iodine Iodine - administration & dosage Japan Male Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced - etiology Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced - prevention & control Nuclear accidents Observational studies Oncology, Experimental Patient Compliance Prevention Prognosis Radiation Exposure - adverse effects Radiation, Background Retrospective Studies Side effects Thyroid cancer Thyroid Neoplasms - etiology Thyroid Neoplasms - prevention & control |
| title | Stable Iodine Distribution Among Children After the 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Disaster in Japan: An Observational Study |
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