Effect of Ramadan Fasting on Weight and Body Composition in Healthy Non-Athlete Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Ramadan involves one month of fasting from sunrise to sunset. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to determine the effect of Ramadan fasting on weight and body composition. In May 2018, we searched six databases for publications that measured weight and body composition before and after Ramadan, and tha...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Nutrients 2019-02, Vol.11 (2), p.478 |
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| creator | Fernando, Hamish A Zibellini, Jessica Harris, Rebecca A Seimon, Radhika V Sainsbury, Amanda |
| description | Ramadan involves one month of fasting from sunrise to sunset. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to determine the effect of Ramadan fasting on weight and body composition.
In May 2018, we searched six databases for publications that measured weight and body composition before and after Ramadan, and that did not attempt to influence physical activity or diet.
Data were collected from 70 publications (90 comparison groups, 2947 participants). There was a significant positive correlation between starting body mass index and weight lost during the fasting period. Consistently, there was a significant reduction in fat percentage between pre-Ramadan and post-Ramadan in people with overweight or obesity (-1.46 (95% confidence interval: -2.57 to -0.35) %,
= 0.010), but not in those of normal weight (-0.41 (-1.45 to 0.63) %,
= 0.436). Loss of fat-free mass was also significant between pre-Ramadan and post-Ramadan, but was about 30% less than loss of absolute fat mass. At 2⁻5 weeks after the end of Ramadan, there was a return towards, or to, pre-Ramadan measurements in weight and body composition.
Even with no advice on lifestyle changes, there are consistent-albeit transient-reductions in weight and fat mass with the Ramadan fast, especially in people with overweight or obesity. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/nu11020478 |
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In May 2018, we searched six databases for publications that measured weight and body composition before and after Ramadan, and that did not attempt to influence physical activity or diet.
Data were collected from 70 publications (90 comparison groups, 2947 participants). There was a significant positive correlation between starting body mass index and weight lost during the fasting period. Consistently, there was a significant reduction in fat percentage between pre-Ramadan and post-Ramadan in people with overweight or obesity (-1.46 (95% confidence interval: -2.57 to -0.35) %,
= 0.010), but not in those of normal weight (-0.41 (-1.45 to 0.63) %,
= 0.436). Loss of fat-free mass was also significant between pre-Ramadan and post-Ramadan, but was about 30% less than loss of absolute fat mass. At 2⁻5 weeks after the end of Ramadan, there was a return towards, or to, pre-Ramadan measurements in weight and body composition.
Even with no advice on lifestyle changes, there are consistent-albeit transient-reductions in weight and fat mass with the Ramadan fast, especially in people with overweight or obesity.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2072-6643</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2072-6643</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/nu11020478</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30813495</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>adults ; Body composition ; Body fat ; body mass index ; Body weight ; Body weight loss ; confidence interval ; Diabetes ; diet ; Energy expenditure ; Energy intake ; Exercise ; Fasting ; lean body mass ; lifestyle ; Maintenance ; Meta-analysis ; Metabolism ; Mortality ; Nutrition research ; Obesity ; Physical activity ; Physical fitness ; Ramadan ; Review ; Subgroups ; Systematic review ; Weight control ; Weight loss ; Weight reduction ; Womens health</subject><ispartof>Nutrients, 2019-02, Vol.11 (2), p.478</ispartof><rights>2019. This work is licensed under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2019 by the authors. 2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c505t-d897e25826babf10167ea8ad6a04765013b8da1b2b6c80583e779f2ec29b1fa33</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c505t-d897e25826babf10167ea8ad6a04765013b8da1b2b6c80583e779f2ec29b1fa33</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3903-4801 ; 0000-0002-7836-8396 ; 0000-0001-9176-1574</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6412279/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6412279/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27903,27904,53769,53771</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30813495$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Fernando, Hamish A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zibellini, Jessica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harris, Rebecca A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Seimon, Radhika V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sainsbury, Amanda</creatorcontrib><title>Effect of Ramadan Fasting on Weight and Body Composition in Healthy Non-Athlete Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis</title><title>Nutrients</title><addtitle>Nutrients</addtitle><description>Ramadan involves one month of fasting from sunrise to sunset. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to determine the effect of Ramadan fasting on weight and body composition.
In May 2018, we searched six databases for publications that measured weight and body composition before and after Ramadan, and that did not attempt to influence physical activity or diet.
Data were collected from 70 publications (90 comparison groups, 2947 participants). There was a significant positive correlation between starting body mass index and weight lost during the fasting period. Consistently, there was a significant reduction in fat percentage between pre-Ramadan and post-Ramadan in people with overweight or obesity (-1.46 (95% confidence interval: -2.57 to -0.35) %,
= 0.010), but not in those of normal weight (-0.41 (-1.45 to 0.63) %,
= 0.436). Loss of fat-free mass was also significant between pre-Ramadan and post-Ramadan, but was about 30% less than loss of absolute fat mass. At 2⁻5 weeks after the end of Ramadan, there was a return towards, or to, pre-Ramadan measurements in weight and body composition.
Even with no advice on lifestyle changes, there are consistent-albeit transient-reductions in weight and fat mass with the Ramadan fast, especially in people with overweight or obesity.</description><subject>adults</subject><subject>Body composition</subject><subject>Body fat</subject><subject>body mass index</subject><subject>Body weight</subject><subject>Body weight loss</subject><subject>confidence interval</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>diet</subject><subject>Energy expenditure</subject><subject>Energy intake</subject><subject>Exercise</subject><subject>Fasting</subject><subject>lean body mass</subject><subject>lifestyle</subject><subject>Maintenance</subject><subject>Meta-analysis</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Nutrition research</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>Physical activity</subject><subject>Physical fitness</subject><subject>Ramadan</subject><subject>Review</subject><subject>Subgroups</subject><subject>Systematic review</subject><subject>Weight control</subject><subject>Weight loss</subject><subject>Weight reduction</subject><subject>Womens health</subject><issn>2072-6643</issn><issn>2072-6643</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNqFks9r1UAQxxdRbGl78Q-QBS8ixO6Pl92NByE-WluoFWqLx2WSTN7bkuw-s5tKDv7v5rW1Vi-dywzMhy_znRlCXnH2XsqCHfqRcybYQptnZFcwLTKlFvL5o3qHHMR4zbahmVbyJdmRzHC5KPJd8uuobbFONLT0AnpowNNjiMn5FQ2efke3WicKvqGfQjPRZeg3Ibrk5p7z9AShS-uJngeflWndYUJaNmOX4gda0m9TTNhDcjW9wBuHP291vmCCrPTQTdHFffKihS7iwX3eI1fHR5fLk-zs6-fTZXmW1TnLU9aYQqPIjVAVVC1nXGkEA42C2bfKGZeVaYBXolK1YbmRqHXRCqxFUfEWpNwjH-90N2PVY1OjTwN0djO4HobJBnD23453a7sKN1YtuBC6mAXe3gsM4ceIMdnexRq7DjyGMVohjCq4VkI9jXKjmeCFFDP65j_0OozDvJuZkjyXQpl8S727o-ohxDhg-zA3Z3b7A_bvD8zw68dOH9A_F5e_AcKEq6c</recordid><startdate>20190224</startdate><enddate>20190224</enddate><creator>Fernando, Hamish A</creator><creator>Zibellini, Jessica</creator><creator>Harris, Rebecca A</creator><creator>Seimon, Radhika V</creator><creator>Sainsbury, Amanda</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7S9</scope><scope>L.6</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3903-4801</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7836-8396</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9176-1574</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20190224</creationdate><title>Effect of Ramadan Fasting on Weight and Body Composition in Healthy Non-Athlete Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis</title><author>Fernando, Hamish A ; Zibellini, Jessica ; Harris, Rebecca A ; Seimon, Radhika V ; Sainsbury, Amanda</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c505t-d897e25826babf10167ea8ad6a04765013b8da1b2b6c80583e779f2ec29b1fa33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>adults</topic><topic>Body composition</topic><topic>Body fat</topic><topic>body mass index</topic><topic>Body weight</topic><topic>Body weight loss</topic><topic>confidence interval</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>diet</topic><topic>Energy expenditure</topic><topic>Energy intake</topic><topic>Exercise</topic><topic>Fasting</topic><topic>lean body mass</topic><topic>lifestyle</topic><topic>Maintenance</topic><topic>Meta-analysis</topic><topic>Metabolism</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Nutrition research</topic><topic>Obesity</topic><topic>Physical activity</topic><topic>Physical fitness</topic><topic>Ramadan</topic><topic>Review</topic><topic>Subgroups</topic><topic>Systematic review</topic><topic>Weight control</topic><topic>Weight loss</topic><topic>Weight reduction</topic><topic>Womens health</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Fernando, Hamish A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zibellini, Jessica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harris, Rebecca A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Seimon, Radhika V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sainsbury, Amanda</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>AGRICOLA</collection><collection>AGRICOLA - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Nutrients</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Fernando, Hamish A</au><au>Zibellini, Jessica</au><au>Harris, Rebecca A</au><au>Seimon, Radhika V</au><au>Sainsbury, Amanda</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effect of Ramadan Fasting on Weight and Body Composition in Healthy Non-Athlete Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis</atitle><jtitle>Nutrients</jtitle><addtitle>Nutrients</addtitle><date>2019-02-24</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>478</spage><pages>478-</pages><issn>2072-6643</issn><eissn>2072-6643</eissn><abstract>Ramadan involves one month of fasting from sunrise to sunset. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to determine the effect of Ramadan fasting on weight and body composition.
In May 2018, we searched six databases for publications that measured weight and body composition before and after Ramadan, and that did not attempt to influence physical activity or diet.
Data were collected from 70 publications (90 comparison groups, 2947 participants). There was a significant positive correlation between starting body mass index and weight lost during the fasting period. Consistently, there was a significant reduction in fat percentage between pre-Ramadan and post-Ramadan in people with overweight or obesity (-1.46 (95% confidence interval: -2.57 to -0.35) %,
= 0.010), but not in those of normal weight (-0.41 (-1.45 to 0.63) %,
= 0.436). Loss of fat-free mass was also significant between pre-Ramadan and post-Ramadan, but was about 30% less than loss of absolute fat mass. At 2⁻5 weeks after the end of Ramadan, there was a return towards, or to, pre-Ramadan measurements in weight and body composition.
Even with no advice on lifestyle changes, there are consistent-albeit transient-reductions in weight and fat mass with the Ramadan fast, especially in people with overweight or obesity.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>30813495</pmid><doi>10.3390/nu11020478</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3903-4801</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7836-8396</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9176-1574</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; PubMed Central Open Access |
| subjects | adults Body composition Body fat body mass index Body weight Body weight loss confidence interval Diabetes diet Energy expenditure Energy intake Exercise Fasting lean body mass lifestyle Maintenance Meta-analysis Metabolism Mortality Nutrition research Obesity Physical activity Physical fitness Ramadan Review Subgroups Systematic review Weight control Weight loss Weight reduction Womens health |
| title | Effect of Ramadan Fasting on Weight and Body Composition in Healthy Non-Athlete Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
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