Understanding Asthma Phenotypes, Endotypes, and Mechanisms of Disease
The model of asthma as a single entity has now been replaced by a much more complex biological network of distinct and interrelating inflammatory pathways. The term asthma is now considered an umbrella diagnosis for several diseases with distinct mechanistic pathways (endotypes) and variable clinica...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology 2019-04, Vol.56 (2), p.219-233 |
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| container_title | Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology |
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| creator | Kuruvilla, Merin E. Lee, F. Eun-Hyung Lee, Gerald B. |
| description | The model of asthma as a single entity has now been replaced by a much more complex biological network of distinct and interrelating inflammatory pathways. The term asthma is now considered an umbrella diagnosis for several diseases with distinct mechanistic pathways (endotypes) and variable clinical presentations (phenotypes). The precise definition of these endotypes is central to asthma management due to inherent therapeutic and prognostic implications. This review presents the molecular mechanisms behind the heterogeneity of airway inflammation in asthmatic patients. Asthma endotypes may be broadly regarded as type 2 (T2) high or T2-low. Several biologic agents have been approved for T2-high asthma, with numerous other therapeutics that are incipient and similarly targeted at specific molecular mechanisms. Collectively, these advances have shifted existing paradigms in the approach to asthma to tailor novel therapies. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s12016-018-8712-1 |
| format | Article |
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All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c616t-8b0d6aaa9c1708216993fcfda4a0b449c3ce727f0d35709fa1db345af219f6343</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c616t-8b0d6aaa9c1708216993fcfda4a0b449c3ce727f0d35709fa1db345af219f6343</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-6775-995X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12016-018-8712-1$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12016-018-8712-1$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30206782$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kuruvilla, Merin E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, F. Eun-Hyung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Gerald B.</creatorcontrib><title>Understanding Asthma Phenotypes, Endotypes, and Mechanisms of Disease</title><title>Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology</title><addtitle>Clinic Rev Allerg Immunol</addtitle><addtitle>Clin Rev Allergy Immunol</addtitle><description>The model of asthma as a single entity has now been replaced by a much more complex biological network of distinct and interrelating inflammatory pathways. The term asthma is now considered an umbrella diagnosis for several diseases with distinct mechanistic pathways (endotypes) and variable clinical presentations (phenotypes). The precise definition of these endotypes is central to asthma management due to inherent therapeutic and prognostic implications. This review presents the molecular mechanisms behind the heterogeneity of airway inflammation in asthmatic patients. Asthma endotypes may be broadly regarded as type 2 (T2) high or T2-low. Several biologic agents have been approved for T2-high asthma, with numerous other therapeutics that are incipient and similarly targeted at specific molecular mechanisms. 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Eun-Hyung ; Lee, Gerald B.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c616t-8b0d6aaa9c1708216993fcfda4a0b449c3ce727f0d35709fa1db345af219f6343</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Allergology</topic><topic>Asthma</topic><topic>B cells</topic><topic>Genetic aspects</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Heterogeneity</topic><topic>Immunology</topic><topic>Inflammation</topic><topic>Internal Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Molecular modelling</topic><topic>Novels</topic><topic>Phenotypes</topic><topic>Respiratory tract</topic><topic>Respiratory tract diseases</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kuruvilla, Merin E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, F. 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| subjects | Allergology Asthma B cells Genetic aspects Health aspects Heterogeneity Immunology Inflammation Internal Medicine Medicine Medicine & Public Health Molecular modelling Novels Phenotypes Respiratory tract Respiratory tract diseases |
| title | Understanding Asthma Phenotypes, Endotypes, and Mechanisms of Disease |
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