Effect of Immediate vs Gradual Reduction in Nicotine Content of Cigarettes on Biomarkers of Smoke Exposure: A Randomized Clinical Trial

IMPORTANCE: The optimal temporal approach for reducing nicotine to minimally or nonaddictive levels in all cigarettes sold in the United States has not been determined. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effects of immediate vs gradual reduction in nicotine content to very low levels and as compared with...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:	JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association 2018-09, Vol.320 (9), p.880-891
Hauptverfasser:	Hatsukami, Dorothy K, Luo, Xianghua, Jensen, Joni A, al’Absi, Mustafa, Allen, Sharon S, Carmella, Steven G, Chen, Menglan, Cinciripini, Paul M, Denlinger-Apte, Rachel, Drobes, David J, Koopmeiners, Joseph S, Lane, Tonya, Le, Chap T, Leischow, Scott, Luo, Kai, McClernon, F. Joseph, Murphy, Sharon E, Paiano, Viviana, Robinson, Jason D, Severson, Herbert, Sipe, Christopher, Strasser, Andrew A, Strayer, Lori G, Tang, Mei Kuen, Vandrey, Ryan, Hecht, Stephen S, Benowitz, Neal L, Donny, Eric C
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Acetylcysteine - analogs & derivatives Acetylcysteine - urine Acrolein Adult Area Under Curve Bioindicators Biomarkers Biomarkers - analysis Biomarkers - urine Breath Tests Carbon monoxide Carbon Monoxide - analysis Cigarettes Clinical trials Creatinine - urine Dosage Double-Blind Method Exposure Female Human exposure Humans Intervention Male Middle Aged Motivation Nicotine Nicotine - adverse effects Nicotine - analysis Phenanthrene Phenanthrenes - urine Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Reduction Smoke Smoking Smoking Cessation - statistics & numerical data Substance Withdrawal Syndrome Tobacco Tobacco Products - analysis Tobacco Use Disorder Urine
Online-Zugang:	Volltext
Tags:	Tag hinzufügen Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!

Schreiben Sie den ersten Kommentar!