Clathrate hydrates in interstellar environment
Clathrate hydrates (CHs) are ubiquitous in earth under high-pressure conditions, but their existence in the interstellar medium (ISM) remains unknown. Here, we report experimental observations of the formation of methane and carbon dioxide hydrates in an environment analogous to ISM. Thermal treatme...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2019-01, Vol.116 (5), p.1526-1531 |
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| container_title | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS |
| container_volume | 116 |
| creator | Ghosh, Jyotirmoy Methikkalam, Rabin Rajan J. Bhuin, Radha Gobinda Ragupathy, Gopi Choudhary, Nilesh Kumar, Rajnish Pradeep, Thalappil |
| description | Clathrate hydrates (CHs) are ubiquitous in earth under high-pressure conditions, but their existence in the interstellar medium (ISM) remains unknown. Here, we report experimental observations of the formation of methane and carbon dioxide hydrates in an environment analogous to ISM. Thermal treatment of solid methane and carbon dioxide–water mixture in ultrahigh vacuum of the order of 10−10 mbar for extended periods led to the formation of CHs at 30 and 10 K, respectively. High molecular mobility and H bonding play important roles in the entrapment of gases in the in situ formed 512 CH cages. This finding implies that CHs can exist in extreme low-pressure environments present in the ISM. These hydrates in ISM, subjected to various chemical processes, may act as sources for relevant prebiotic molecules. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1073/pnas.1814293116 |
| format | Article |
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Here, we report experimental observations of the formation of methane and carbon dioxide hydrates in an environment analogous to ISM. Thermal treatment of solid methane and carbon dioxide–water mixture in ultrahigh vacuum of the order of 10−10 mbar for extended periods led to the formation of CHs at 30 and 10 K, respectively. High molecular mobility and H bonding play important roles in the entrapment of gases in the in situ formed 512 CH cages. This finding implies that CHs can exist in extreme low-pressure environments present in the ISM. 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Published by PNAS.</rights><rights>Copyright National Academy of Sciences Jan 29, 2019</rights><rights>Copyright © 2019 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. 2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c509t-f053c452be0fffa1a2286a6cf77d559a701821cac797b5bcf096ba37d5f6d9f73</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c509t-f053c452be0fffa1a2286a6cf77d559a701821cac797b5bcf096ba37d5f6d9f73</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/26580281$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/26580281$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,803,885,27923,27924,53790,53792,58016,58249</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30630945$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ghosh, Jyotirmoy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Methikkalam, Rabin Rajan J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bhuin, Radha Gobinda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ragupathy, Gopi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choudhary, Nilesh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kumar, Rajnish</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pradeep, Thalappil</creatorcontrib><title>Clathrate hydrates in interstellar environment</title><title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS</title><addtitle>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</addtitle><description>Clathrate hydrates (CHs) are ubiquitous in earth under high-pressure conditions, but their existence in the interstellar medium (ISM) remains unknown. 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These hydrates in ISM, subjected to various chemical processes, may act as sources for relevant prebiotic molecules.</description><subject>Cages</subject><subject>Carbon dioxide</subject><subject>Chemical reactions</subject><subject>Entrapment</subject><subject>Gas hydrates</subject><subject>Gases</subject><subject>Heat treatment</subject><subject>Hydrates</subject><subject>Interstellar matter</subject><subject>Low pressure</subject><subject>Methane</subject><subject>Organic chemistry</subject><subject>Physical Sciences</subject><subject>Pressure</subject><subject>Ultrahigh vacuum</subject><subject>Vacuum</subject><issn>0027-8424</issn><issn>1091-6490</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpdkc1LwzAYxoMobk7PnpSBFy_d3iRN0lwEGX7BwIueQ5omrqNrZ9IO9t-bsjk_IPAenl-evE8ehC4xTDAIOl3XOkxwhlMiKcb8CA0xSJzwVMIxGgIQkWQpSQfoLIQlAEiWwSkaUOAUZMqGaDKrdLvwurXjxbboZxiXdTyt9aG1VaX92Nab0jf1ytbtOTpxugr2Yj9H6P3x4W32nMxfn15m9_PEMJBt4oBRkzKSW3DOaawJybjmxglRMCa1AJwRbLQRUuQsNw4kzzWNouOFdIKO0N3Od93lK1uY-LTXlVr7cqX9VjW6VH-Vulyoj2ajOGUZ573B7d7AN5-dDa1alcH0eWrbdEERLCSlDKcyojf_0GXT-TrG6ykugKQxzghNd5TxTQjeusMyGFTfheq7UD9dxBvXvzMc-O_Pj8DVDliGtvEHnfBYEskw_QK8jo-L</recordid><startdate>20190129</startdate><enddate>20190129</enddate><creator>Ghosh, Jyotirmoy</creator><creator>Methikkalam, Rabin Rajan J.</creator><creator>Bhuin, Radha Gobinda</creator><creator>Ragupathy, Gopi</creator><creator>Choudhary, Nilesh</creator><creator>Kumar, Rajnish</creator><creator>Pradeep, Thalappil</creator><general>National Academy of Sciences</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20190129</creationdate><title>Clathrate hydrates in interstellar environment</title><author>Ghosh, Jyotirmoy ; 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| subjects | Cages Carbon dioxide Chemical reactions Entrapment Gas hydrates Gases Heat treatment Hydrates Interstellar matter Low pressure Methane Organic chemistry Physical Sciences Pressure Ultrahigh vacuum Vacuum |
| title | Clathrate hydrates in interstellar environment |
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