In silico comparison of protein-bound uremic toxin removal by hemodialysis, hemodiafiltration, membrane adsorption, and binding competition

Protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) are poorly removed during hemodialysis (HD) due to their low free (dialyzable) plasma concentration. We compared PBUT removal between HD, hemodiafiltration (HDF), membrane adsorption, and PBUT displacement in HD. The latter involves infusing a binding competitor p...

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Veröffentlicht in:Scientific reports 2019-01, Vol.9 (1), p.909-909, Article 909
Hauptverfasser: Maheshwari, Vaibhav, Thijssen, Stephan, Tao, Xia, Fuertinger, Doris H., Kappel, Franz, Kotanko, Peter
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creator Maheshwari, Vaibhav
Thijssen, Stephan
Tao, Xia
Fuertinger, Doris H.
Kappel, Franz
Kotanko, Peter
description Protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) are poorly removed during hemodialysis (HD) due to their low free (dialyzable) plasma concentration. We compared PBUT removal between HD, hemodiafiltration (HDF), membrane adsorption, and PBUT displacement in HD. The latter involves infusing a binding competitor pre-dialyzer, which competes with PBUTs for their albumin binding sites and increases their free fraction. We used a mathematical model of PBUT/displacer kinetics in dialysis comprising a three-compartment patient model, an arterial/venous tube segment model, and a dialyzer model. Compared to HD, improvements in removal of prototypical PBUTs indoxyl sulfate (initial concentration 100 µM, 7% free) and p-cresyl sulfate (150 µM, 5% free) were: 5.5% and 6.4%, respectively, for pre-dilution HDF with 20 L replacement fluid; 8.1% and 9.1% for post-dilution HDF 20 L; 15.6% and 18.3% for pre-dilution HDF 60 L; 19.4% and 22.2% for complete membrane adsorption; 35.0% and 41.9% for displacement with tryptophan (2000 mg in 500 mL saline); 26.7% and 32.4% for displacement with ibuprofen (800 mg in 200 mL saline). Prolonged (one-month) use of tryptophan reduces the IS and pCS time-averaged concentration by 28.1% and 29.9%, respectively, compared to conventional HD. We conclude that competitive binding can be a pragmatic approach for improving PBUT removal.
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subjects 631/114/2397
692/4022/1950
Adsorption
Binding sites
Dialysis
Hemodialysis
Humanities and Social Sciences
Ibuprofen
Mathematical models
multidisciplinary
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Sulfates
Toxins
Tryptophan
title In silico comparison of protein-bound uremic toxin removal by hemodialysis, hemodiafiltration, membrane adsorption, and binding competition
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