New mitochondrial DNA synthesis enables NLRP3 inflammasome activation

Dysregulated NLRP3 inflammasome activity results in uncontrolled inflammation, which underlies many chronic diseases. Although mitochondrial damage is needed for the assembly and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, it is unclear how macrophages are able to respond to structurally diverse inflammas...

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Veröffentlicht in:Nature (London) 2018-08, Vol.560 (7717), p.198-203
Hauptverfasser: Zhong, Zhenyu, Liang, Shuang, Sanchez-Lopez, Elsa, He, Feng, Shalapour, Shabnam, Lin, Xue-jia, Wong, Jerry, Ding, Siyuan, Seki, Ekihiro, Schnabl, Bernd, Hevener, Andrea L., Greenberg, Harry B., Kisseleva, Tatiana, Karin, Michael
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container_issue 7717
container_start_page 198
container_title Nature (London)
container_volume 560
creator Zhong, Zhenyu
Liang, Shuang
Sanchez-Lopez, Elsa
He, Feng
Shalapour, Shabnam
Lin, Xue-jia
Wong, Jerry
Ding, Siyuan
Seki, Ekihiro
Schnabl, Bernd
Hevener, Andrea L.
Greenberg, Harry B.
Kisseleva, Tatiana
Karin, Michael
description Dysregulated NLRP3 inflammasome activity results in uncontrolled inflammation, which underlies many chronic diseases. Although mitochondrial damage is needed for the assembly and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, it is unclear how macrophages are able to respond to structurally diverse inflammasome-activating stimuli. Here we show that the synthesis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), induced after the engagement of Toll-like receptors, is crucial for NLRP3 signalling. Toll-like receptors signal via the MyD88 and TRIF adaptors to trigger IRF1-dependent transcription of CMPK2, a rate-limiting enzyme that supplies deoxyribonucleotides for mtDNA synthesis. CMPK2-dependent mtDNA synthesis is necessary for the production of oxidized mtDNA fragments after exposure to NLRP3 activators. Cytosolic oxidized mtDNA associates with the NLRP3 inflammasome complex and is required for its activation. The dependence on CMPK2 catalytic activity provides opportunities for more effective control of NLRP3 inflammasome-associated diseases. New mitochondrial DNA synthesis links the priming and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
doi_str_mv 10.1038/s41586-018-0372-z
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Although mitochondrial damage is needed for the assembly and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, it is unclear how macrophages are able to respond to structurally diverse inflammasome-activating stimuli. Here we show that the synthesis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), induced after the engagement of Toll-like receptors, is crucial for NLRP3 signalling. Toll-like receptors signal via the MyD88 and TRIF adaptors to trigger IRF1-dependent transcription of CMPK2, a rate-limiting enzyme that supplies deoxyribonucleotides for mtDNA synthesis. CMPK2-dependent mtDNA synthesis is necessary for the production of oxidized mtDNA fragments after exposure to NLRP3 activators. Cytosolic oxidized mtDNA associates with the NLRP3 inflammasome complex and is required for its activation. The dependence on CMPK2 catalytic activity provides opportunities for more effective control of NLRP3 inflammasome-associated diseases. 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Nature (London)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zhong, Zhenyu</au><au>Liang, Shuang</au><au>Sanchez-Lopez, Elsa</au><au>He, Feng</au><au>Shalapour, Shabnam</au><au>Lin, Xue-jia</au><au>Wong, Jerry</au><au>Ding, Siyuan</au><au>Seki, Ekihiro</au><au>Schnabl, Bernd</au><au>Hevener, Andrea L.</au><au>Greenberg, Harry B.</au><au>Kisseleva, Tatiana</au><au>Karin, Michael</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>New mitochondrial DNA synthesis enables NLRP3 inflammasome activation</atitle><jtitle>Nature (London)</jtitle><stitle>Nature</stitle><addtitle>Nature</addtitle><date>2018-08</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>560</volume><issue>7717</issue><spage>198</spage><epage>203</epage><pages>198-203</pages><issn>0028-0836</issn><eissn>1476-4687</eissn><abstract>Dysregulated NLRP3 inflammasome activity results in uncontrolled inflammation, which underlies many chronic diseases. Although mitochondrial damage is needed for the assembly and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, it is unclear how macrophages are able to respond to structurally diverse inflammasome-activating stimuli. Here we show that the synthesis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), induced after the engagement of Toll-like receptors, is crucial for NLRP3 signalling. Toll-like receptors signal via the MyD88 and TRIF adaptors to trigger IRF1-dependent transcription of CMPK2, a rate-limiting enzyme that supplies deoxyribonucleotides for mtDNA synthesis. CMPK2-dependent mtDNA synthesis is necessary for the production of oxidized mtDNA fragments after exposure to NLRP3 activators. Cytosolic oxidized mtDNA associates with the NLRP3 inflammasome complex and is required for its activation. The dependence on CMPK2 catalytic activity provides opportunities for more effective control of NLRP3 inflammasome-associated diseases. New mitochondrial DNA synthesis links the priming and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>30046112</pmid><doi>10.1038/s41586-018-0372-z</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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identifier ISSN: 0028-0836
ispartof Nature (London), 2018-08, Vol.560 (7717), p.198-203
issn 0028-0836
1476-4687
language eng
recordid cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_6329306
source MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals; Nature Journals Online
subjects 631/250/256/2177
631/250/262/2106/2517
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96/106
96/109
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Adapters
Adaptor proteins
Alzheimer's disease
Analysis
Animals
Apoptosis
Biocatalysis
Catalysis
Catalytic activity
Cell activation
Chronic diseases
Chronic illnesses
Cytochrome
Cytological research
Cytosol - metabolism
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Deoxyribonucleotides
Dependence
DNA
DNA biosynthesis
DNA synthesis
DNA, Mitochondrial - biosynthesis
Enzymes
Humanities and Social Sciences
Inflammasomes
Inflammasomes - metabolism
Inflammation
Interferon regulatory factor 1
Interferon Regulatory Factor-1 - metabolism
Kinases
Lipopolysaccharides - pharmacology
Macrophages
Macrophages - cytology
Macrophages - drug effects
Mice
Mitochondria
Mitochondria - metabolism
Mitochondria - pathology
Mitochondrial DNA
multidisciplinary
MyD88 protein
NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein - metabolism
Nucleoside-Phosphate Kinase - genetics
Nucleoside-Phosphate Kinase - metabolism
Oxidation-Reduction
Physiological aspects
Receptors
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Signal Transduction
Synthesis
Toll-like receptors
Toll-Like Receptors - immunology
Transcription
Transcription factors
Type 2 diabetes
title New mitochondrial DNA synthesis enables NLRP3 inflammasome activation
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