Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Haematological Values and Muscle Recovery in Elite Male Traditional Rowers
Deficient levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) ( 0.05). Regression multivariate analysis showed that cortisol and testosterone levels were associated with 25(OH)D levels ( < 0.05). Oral supplementation with 3000 IU/day of vitamin D3 during eight weeks showed to be sufficient to prevent a decli...
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| creator | Mielgo-Ayuso, Juan Calleja-González, Julio Urdampilleta, Aritz León-Guereño, Patxi Córdova, Alfredo Caballero-García, Alberto Fernandez-Lázaro, Diego |
| description | Deficient levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) ( 0.05). Regression multivariate analysis showed that cortisol and testosterone levels were associated with 25(OH)D levels (
< 0.05).
Oral supplementation with 3000 IU/day of vitamin D3 during eight weeks showed to be sufficient to prevent a decline in hematological levels of |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/nu10121968 |
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Thirty-six elite male rowers (27 ± 6 years) were assigned to one of the two groups randomly: 1) Control group (CG,
= 18, height: 181.05 ± 3.39 cm and body mass: 77.02 ± 7.55 kg), 2) Group treated with 3,000 IU of vitamin D3/day (VD3G,
= 18, height: 179.70 ± 9.07 cm and body mass: 76.19 ± 10.07 kg). The rowers were subjected to blood tests at the beginning of the study (T1) and after eight weeks of treatment (T2), for the analysis of hematological and hormonal values. Repeated-measures ANOVA with group factor (GC and GVD3) were used to examine if the interaction of the different values was the same or different between the groups throughout the study (time × group) after vitamin D3 treatment. To analyze if 25(OH)D was a good predictor of testosterone, cortisol, and testosterone/cortisol ratio a stepwise regression model was performed.
Statistically significant and different increases were observed in the group-by-time interaction of 25(OH)D in VD3G in respect to CG during the study (
< 0.001; VD3G (T1: 26.24 ± 8.18 ng/mL vs. T2: 48.12 ± 10.88 ng/mL) vs CG (T1: 30.76 ± 6.95 ng/mL vs. T2: 35.14 ± 7.96 ng/mL). Likewise, significant differences between groups were observed throughout the study in the group-by-time interaction and changes of hemoglobin (GC: -2.89 ± 2.29% vs. VD3G: 0.71 ± 1.91%;
= 0.009), hematocrit (CG: -1.57 ± 2.49% vs. VD3G: 1.16 ± 1.81%;
= 0.019) and transferrin (CG: 0.67 ± 4.88% vs. VD3G: 6.51 ± 4.36%;
= 0.007). However, no differences between groups were observed in the group-by-time interaction of the hormonal parameters (
> 0.05). Regression multivariate analysis showed that cortisol and testosterone levels were associated with 25(OH)D levels (
< 0.05).
Oral supplementation with 3000 IU/day of vitamin D3 during eight weeks showed to be sufficient to prevent a decline in hematological levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit, and improve transferrin of 25(OH)D levels. However, although it was not sufficient to enhance muscle recovery observed by testosterone and cortisol responses, it was observed that serum 25(OH)D levels could be a predictor of anabolic and catabolic hormones.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2072-6643</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2072-6643</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/nu10121968</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30545134</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>25-Hydroxyvitamin D ; Adult ; Anemia ; Athletes ; athletic performance ; blood serum ; Body mass ; Calciferol ; cholecalciferol ; cortisol ; Dietary Supplements ; Enzymes ; Hematocrit ; Hematology ; Hemoglobin ; Hormones ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Hydrocortisone - blood ; Iron ; iron absorption ; Laboratories ; Male ; males ; Metabolism ; Multivariate analysis ; Muscle recovery ; Muscle Strength - drug effects ; Muscle, Skeletal - drug effects ; Muscles ; Physical Endurance - drug effects ; regression analysis ; Statistical analysis ; Testosterone ; Testosterone - blood ; Transferrin ; Transferrins ; Variance analysis ; Vitamin D ; Vitamin D - pharmacology ; Vitamin D3 ; Vitamin deficiency ; Water Sports - physiology ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Nutrients, 2018-12, Vol.10 (12), p.1968</ispartof><rights>2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2018 by the authors. 2018</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c439t-a52c718b5cf2e369a954d88334b89f1713601954bf06a3538bf084de381ed92a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c439t-a52c718b5cf2e369a954d88334b89f1713601954bf06a3538bf084de381ed92a3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-6554-4602 ; 0000-0003-2575-7168 ; 0000-0002-6522-8896</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6315465/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6315465/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30545134$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Mielgo-Ayuso, Juan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Calleja-González, Julio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Urdampilleta, Aritz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>León-Guereño, Patxi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Córdova, Alfredo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caballero-García, Alberto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fernandez-Lázaro, Diego</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Haematological Values and Muscle Recovery in Elite Male Traditional Rowers</title><title>Nutrients</title><addtitle>Nutrients</addtitle><description>Deficient levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) (<30 ng/mL) may compromise health and athletic performance. Supplementation with oral vitamin D can favor the state of iron metabolism, and testosterone and cortisol as an indicator of muscle recovery of the athlete with a deficiency. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of eight weeks of supplementation with 3000 IU/day of vitamin D on the hematological and iron metabolism profile, as well as on the analytical values of testosterone and cortisol on elite male traditional rowers. The secondary aim was to examine if serum 25(OH)D is a predictor of testosterone and cortisol levels.
Thirty-six elite male rowers (27 ± 6 years) were assigned to one of the two groups randomly: 1) Control group (CG,
= 18, height: 181.05 ± 3.39 cm and body mass: 77.02 ± 7.55 kg), 2) Group treated with 3,000 IU of vitamin D3/day (VD3G,
= 18, height: 179.70 ± 9.07 cm and body mass: 76.19 ± 10.07 kg). The rowers were subjected to blood tests at the beginning of the study (T1) and after eight weeks of treatment (T2), for the analysis of hematological and hormonal values. Repeated-measures ANOVA with group factor (GC and GVD3) were used to examine if the interaction of the different values was the same or different between the groups throughout the study (time × group) after vitamin D3 treatment. To analyze if 25(OH)D was a good predictor of testosterone, cortisol, and testosterone/cortisol ratio a stepwise regression model was performed.
Statistically significant and different increases were observed in the group-by-time interaction of 25(OH)D in VD3G in respect to CG during the study (
< 0.001; VD3G (T1: 26.24 ± 8.18 ng/mL vs. T2: 48.12 ± 10.88 ng/mL) vs CG (T1: 30.76 ± 6.95 ng/mL vs. T2: 35.14 ± 7.96 ng/mL). Likewise, significant differences between groups were observed throughout the study in the group-by-time interaction and changes of hemoglobin (GC: -2.89 ± 2.29% vs. VD3G: 0.71 ± 1.91%;
= 0.009), hematocrit (CG: -1.57 ± 2.49% vs. VD3G: 1.16 ± 1.81%;
= 0.019) and transferrin (CG: 0.67 ± 4.88% vs. VD3G: 6.51 ± 4.36%;
= 0.007). However, no differences between groups were observed in the group-by-time interaction of the hormonal parameters (
> 0.05). Regression multivariate analysis showed that cortisol and testosterone levels were associated with 25(OH)D levels (
< 0.05).
Oral supplementation with 3000 IU/day of vitamin D3 during eight weeks showed to be sufficient to prevent a decline in hematological levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit, and improve transferrin of 25(OH)D levels. However, although it was not sufficient to enhance muscle recovery observed by testosterone and cortisol responses, it was observed that serum 25(OH)D levels could be a predictor of anabolic and catabolic hormones.</description><subject>25-Hydroxyvitamin D</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Anemia</subject><subject>Athletes</subject><subject>athletic performance</subject><subject>blood serum</subject><subject>Body mass</subject><subject>Calciferol</subject><subject>cholecalciferol</subject><subject>cortisol</subject><subject>Dietary Supplements</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Hematocrit</subject><subject>Hematology</subject><subject>Hemoglobin</subject><subject>Hormones</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hydrocortisone</subject><subject>Hydrocortisone - blood</subject><subject>Iron</subject><subject>iron absorption</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>males</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Multivariate analysis</subject><subject>Muscle recovery</subject><subject>Muscle Strength - drug effects</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - drug effects</subject><subject>Muscles</subject><subject>Physical Endurance - drug effects</subject><subject>regression analysis</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Testosterone</subject><subject>Testosterone - blood</subject><subject>Transferrin</subject><subject>Transferrins</subject><subject>Variance analysis</subject><subject>Vitamin D</subject><subject>Vitamin D - pharmacology</subject><subject>Vitamin D3</subject><subject>Vitamin deficiency</subject><subject>Water Sports - physiology</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>2072-6643</issn><issn>2072-6643</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkV9rFTEQxYMottS--AEk4IsIV5PN_xdB6tUKLUKtfQ1zs7M1Jbu5JruVfntzaa3VF0Mgw-Q3h5wcQp5z9kYIx95OC2e8407bR2S_Y6ZbaS3F4wf1Hjms9YrtlmFGi6dkTzAlFRdyn5T1MGCYK80DvYgzjHGiH-jXZbtNOOI0wxzzRNs-BhxhzilfxgCJXkBasFKYenq61JCQnmHI11huaFNYpzgjPYXWPi_Qx51IGzrLP7HUZ-TJAKni4d15QL59XJ8fHa9Ovnz6fPT-ZBWkcPMKVBcMtxsVhg6FduCU7K0VQm6sG7jhQjPeepuBaRBK2FZY2aOwHHvXgTgg7251t8tmxD40NwWS35Y4QrnxGaL_-2aK3_1lvvZacCW1agKv7gRK_tHczn6MNWBKMGFequ86q13HtDP_R7ky2ihjbENf_oNe5aW072mU1i0fadWOen1LhZJrLTjcv5szvwve_wm-wS8eOr1Hf8csfgGyC6g6</recordid><startdate>20181212</startdate><enddate>20181212</enddate><creator>Mielgo-Ayuso, Juan</creator><creator>Calleja-González, Julio</creator><creator>Urdampilleta, Aritz</creator><creator>León-Guereño, Patxi</creator><creator>Córdova, Alfredo</creator><creator>Caballero-García, Alberto</creator><creator>Fernandez-Lázaro, Diego</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7S9</scope><scope>L.6</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6554-4602</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2575-7168</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6522-8896</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20181212</creationdate><title>Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Haematological Values and Muscle Recovery in Elite Male Traditional Rowers</title><author>Mielgo-Ayuso, Juan ; Calleja-González, Julio ; Urdampilleta, Aritz ; León-Guereño, Patxi ; Córdova, Alfredo ; Caballero-García, Alberto ; Fernandez-Lázaro, Diego</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c439t-a52c718b5cf2e369a954d88334b89f1713601954bf06a3538bf084de381ed92a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>25-Hydroxyvitamin D</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Anemia</topic><topic>Athletes</topic><topic>athletic performance</topic><topic>blood serum</topic><topic>Body mass</topic><topic>Calciferol</topic><topic>cholecalciferol</topic><topic>cortisol</topic><topic>Dietary Supplements</topic><topic>Enzymes</topic><topic>Hematocrit</topic><topic>Hematology</topic><topic>Hemoglobin</topic><topic>Hormones</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hydrocortisone</topic><topic>Hydrocortisone - blood</topic><topic>Iron</topic><topic>iron absorption</topic><topic>Laboratories</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>males</topic><topic>Metabolism</topic><topic>Multivariate analysis</topic><topic>Muscle recovery</topic><topic>Muscle Strength - drug effects</topic><topic>Muscle, Skeletal - drug effects</topic><topic>Muscles</topic><topic>Physical Endurance - drug effects</topic><topic>regression analysis</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><topic>Testosterone</topic><topic>Testosterone - blood</topic><topic>Transferrin</topic><topic>Transferrins</topic><topic>Variance analysis</topic><topic>Vitamin D</topic><topic>Vitamin D - pharmacology</topic><topic>Vitamin D3</topic><topic>Vitamin deficiency</topic><topic>Water Sports - physiology</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Mielgo-Ayuso, Juan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Calleja-González, Julio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Urdampilleta, Aritz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>León-Guereño, Patxi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Córdova, Alfredo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caballero-García, Alberto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fernandez-Lázaro, Diego</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>AGRICOLA</collection><collection>AGRICOLA - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Nutrients</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mielgo-Ayuso, Juan</au><au>Calleja-González, Julio</au><au>Urdampilleta, Aritz</au><au>León-Guereño, Patxi</au><au>Córdova, Alfredo</au><au>Caballero-García, Alberto</au><au>Fernandez-Lázaro, Diego</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Haematological Values and Muscle Recovery in Elite Male Traditional Rowers</atitle><jtitle>Nutrients</jtitle><addtitle>Nutrients</addtitle><date>2018-12-12</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>10</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>1968</spage><pages>1968-</pages><issn>2072-6643</issn><eissn>2072-6643</eissn><abstract>Deficient levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) (<30 ng/mL) may compromise health and athletic performance. Supplementation with oral vitamin D can favor the state of iron metabolism, and testosterone and cortisol as an indicator of muscle recovery of the athlete with a deficiency. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of eight weeks of supplementation with 3000 IU/day of vitamin D on the hematological and iron metabolism profile, as well as on the analytical values of testosterone and cortisol on elite male traditional rowers. The secondary aim was to examine if serum 25(OH)D is a predictor of testosterone and cortisol levels.
Thirty-six elite male rowers (27 ± 6 years) were assigned to one of the two groups randomly: 1) Control group (CG,
= 18, height: 181.05 ± 3.39 cm and body mass: 77.02 ± 7.55 kg), 2) Group treated with 3,000 IU of vitamin D3/day (VD3G,
= 18, height: 179.70 ± 9.07 cm and body mass: 76.19 ± 10.07 kg). The rowers were subjected to blood tests at the beginning of the study (T1) and after eight weeks of treatment (T2), for the analysis of hematological and hormonal values. Repeated-measures ANOVA with group factor (GC and GVD3) were used to examine if the interaction of the different values was the same or different between the groups throughout the study (time × group) after vitamin D3 treatment. To analyze if 25(OH)D was a good predictor of testosterone, cortisol, and testosterone/cortisol ratio a stepwise regression model was performed.
Statistically significant and different increases were observed in the group-by-time interaction of 25(OH)D in VD3G in respect to CG during the study (
< 0.001; VD3G (T1: 26.24 ± 8.18 ng/mL vs. T2: 48.12 ± 10.88 ng/mL) vs CG (T1: 30.76 ± 6.95 ng/mL vs. T2: 35.14 ± 7.96 ng/mL). Likewise, significant differences between groups were observed throughout the study in the group-by-time interaction and changes of hemoglobin (GC: -2.89 ± 2.29% vs. VD3G: 0.71 ± 1.91%;
= 0.009), hematocrit (CG: -1.57 ± 2.49% vs. VD3G: 1.16 ± 1.81%;
= 0.019) and transferrin (CG: 0.67 ± 4.88% vs. VD3G: 6.51 ± 4.36%;
= 0.007). However, no differences between groups were observed in the group-by-time interaction of the hormonal parameters (
> 0.05). Regression multivariate analysis showed that cortisol and testosterone levels were associated with 25(OH)D levels (
< 0.05).
Oral supplementation with 3000 IU/day of vitamin D3 during eight weeks showed to be sufficient to prevent a decline in hematological levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit, and improve transferrin of 25(OH)D levels. However, although it was not sufficient to enhance muscle recovery observed by testosterone and cortisol responses, it was observed that serum 25(OH)D levels could be a predictor of anabolic and catabolic hormones.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>30545134</pmid><doi>10.3390/nu10121968</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6554-4602</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2575-7168</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6522-8896</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; PubMed Central Open Access |
| subjects | 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Adult Anemia Athletes athletic performance blood serum Body mass Calciferol cholecalciferol cortisol Dietary Supplements Enzymes Hematocrit Hematology Hemoglobin Hormones Humans Hydrocortisone Hydrocortisone - blood Iron iron absorption Laboratories Male males Metabolism Multivariate analysis Muscle recovery Muscle Strength - drug effects Muscle, Skeletal - drug effects Muscles Physical Endurance - drug effects regression analysis Statistical analysis Testosterone Testosterone - blood Transferrin Transferrins Variance analysis Vitamin D Vitamin D - pharmacology Vitamin D3 Vitamin deficiency Water Sports - physiology Young Adult |
| title | Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Haematological Values and Muscle Recovery in Elite Male Traditional Rowers |
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