The shadow of the past: Convergence of young and old South American desert lizards as measured by head shape traits
Convergence is a pervasive phenomenon in the Tree of Life, and evolution of similar phenotypes sharing the same environmental conditions is expected in phylogenetically closely related species. In contrast, contingent factors are probably more influential in shaping phenotypic diversity for distantl...
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description | Convergence is a pervasive phenomenon in the Tree of Life, and evolution of similar phenotypes sharing the same environmental conditions is expected in phylogenetically closely related species. In contrast, contingent factors are probably more influential in shaping phenotypic diversity for distantly related taxa. Here, we test putative convergent evolution of lizard head morphologies among relatively closely related desert dwelling Liolaemus species, and the very distantly related Ctenoblepharys adspersa. We estimated a multilocus time‐calibrated phylogeny of 57 species of South American liolaemus lizards, based on seven molecular markers. We collected head shape data for 468 specimens, and used three phylogenetic comparative methods (SURFACE, CONVEVOL, and WHEATSHEAF index) to test for and estimate the strength of convergence. We found strong evidence for convergence among Pacific desert lizard C. adspersa, Liolaemus audivetulatus, Liolaemus insolitus, Liolaemus poconchilensis, Liolaemus stolzmanni, and a candidate species (Liolaemus “Moquegua”). Our results suggest that, despite the long divergence and phylogenetic distance of C. adspersa with respect to convergent Liolaemus species, natural selection was probably more important than historical contingency in shaping phenotypic evolution in these desert lizards.
Convergent evolution in South American lizards. In this study we test if natural selection was stronger than historical contingency in the putative convergence of head traits between an old lizard lineage (Ctenoblepharys adspersa) and younger lizards (Liolaemus species) living in the extreme desert environments of the South American Pacific coast. We found a strong case of convergence between the younger lizards, and between these and C. adspersa. Our results suggest that natural selection was probably more important than historical contingency in the independent evolution of these head traits. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1002/ece3.4548 |
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Convergent evolution in South American lizards. In this study we test if natural selection was stronger than historical contingency in the putative convergence of head traits between an old lizard lineage (Ctenoblepharys adspersa) and younger lizards (Liolaemus species) living in the extreme desert environments of the South American Pacific coast. We found a strong case of convergence between the younger lizards, and between these and C. adspersa. Our results suggest that natural selection was probably more important than historical contingency in the independent evolution of these head traits.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2045-7758</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2045-7758</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4548</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30598744</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: John Wiley & Sons, Inc</publisher><subject>Candidate species ; Contingency ; Convergence ; Ctenoblepharys adspersa ; Desert environments ; Deserts ; Divergence ; Environmental conditions ; Evolution ; Evolution & development ; Liolaemus ; Lizards ; Morphology ; Natural selection ; Original Research ; Phenotypes ; Phylogenetics ; Phylogeny ; repeated evolution ; South America ; Species</subject><ispartof>Ecology and evolution, 2018-12, Vol.8 (23), p.11399-11409</ispartof><rights>2018 The Authors. published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</rights><rights>2018. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4438-96aa97b5146d7f091f8c09492cd68c3dd7b371c1c5d86ea389a9c692a2030dc23</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4438-96aa97b5146d7f091f8c09492cd68c3dd7b371c1c5d86ea389a9c692a2030dc23</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-6372-7926</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6303702/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6303702/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,1411,11541,27901,27902,45550,45551,46027,46451,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30598744$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Aguilar‐Puntriano, César</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Avila, Luciano J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De la Riva, Ignacio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Johnson, Leigh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morando, Mariana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Troncoso‐Palacios, Jaime</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wood, Perry L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sites, Jack W.</creatorcontrib><title>The shadow of the past: Convergence of young and old South American desert lizards as measured by head shape traits</title><title>Ecology and evolution</title><addtitle>Ecol Evol</addtitle><description>Convergence is a pervasive phenomenon in the Tree of Life, and evolution of similar phenotypes sharing the same environmental conditions is expected in phylogenetically closely related species. In contrast, contingent factors are probably more influential in shaping phenotypic diversity for distantly related taxa. Here, we test putative convergent evolution of lizard head morphologies among relatively closely related desert dwelling Liolaemus species, and the very distantly related Ctenoblepharys adspersa. We estimated a multilocus time‐calibrated phylogeny of 57 species of South American liolaemus lizards, based on seven molecular markers. We collected head shape data for 468 specimens, and used three phylogenetic comparative methods (SURFACE, CONVEVOL, and WHEATSHEAF index) to test for and estimate the strength of convergence. We found strong evidence for convergence among Pacific desert lizard C. adspersa, Liolaemus audivetulatus, Liolaemus insolitus, Liolaemus poconchilensis, Liolaemus stolzmanni, and a candidate species (Liolaemus “Moquegua”). Our results suggest that, despite the long divergence and phylogenetic distance of C. adspersa with respect to convergent Liolaemus species, natural selection was probably more important than historical contingency in shaping phenotypic evolution in these desert lizards.
Convergent evolution in South American lizards. In this study we test if natural selection was stronger than historical contingency in the putative convergence of head traits between an old lizard lineage (Ctenoblepharys adspersa) and younger lizards (Liolaemus species) living in the extreme desert environments of the South American Pacific coast. We found a strong case of convergence between the younger lizards, and between these and C. adspersa. Our results suggest that natural selection was probably more important than historical contingency in the independent evolution of these head traits.</description><subject>Candidate species</subject><subject>Contingency</subject><subject>Convergence</subject><subject>Ctenoblepharys adspersa</subject><subject>Desert environments</subject><subject>Deserts</subject><subject>Divergence</subject><subject>Environmental conditions</subject><subject>Evolution</subject><subject>Evolution & development</subject><subject>Liolaemus</subject><subject>Lizards</subject><subject>Morphology</subject><subject>Natural selection</subject><subject>Original Research</subject><subject>Phenotypes</subject><subject>Phylogenetics</subject><subject>Phylogeny</subject><subject>repeated evolution</subject><subject>South America</subject><subject>Species</subject><issn>2045-7758</issn><issn>2045-7758</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kU1r3DAQhkVpacI2h_yBIuilOWwiS7I-eiiEZfsBgR6anIVWGq8dbGkr2QmbXx-5m4a0UF2kYR6eGfEidFqR84oQegEO2DmvuXqFjinh9VLKWr1-8T5CJznfknIEoZzIt-iIkVoryfkxytct4NxaH-9xbPBYqp3N4ye8iuEO0haCg7mxj1PYYhs8jr3HP-M0tvhygNQ5G7CHDGnEffdgk8_YZjyAzVMCjzd73IL184gd4DHZbszv0JvG9hlOnu4Fuvmyvl59W179-Pp9dXm1dJwztdTCWi03dcWFlw3RVaMc0VxT54VyzHu5YbJylau9EmCZ0lY7oamlhBHvKFugzwfvbtoM4B2EMr83u9QNNu1NtJ35uxO61mzjnRGMMElmwccnQYq_JsijGbrsoO9tgDhlQytBuVa0lgX98A96G6cUyvcKVWvBBC_SBTo7UC7FnBM0z8tUxMxpmjlNM6dZ2Pcvt38m_2RXgIsDcN_1sP-_yaxXa_Zb-Qh-U6k-</recordid><startdate>201812</startdate><enddate>201812</enddate><creator>Aguilar‐Puntriano, César</creator><creator>Avila, Luciano J.</creator><creator>De la Riva, Ignacio</creator><creator>Johnson, Leigh</creator><creator>Morando, Mariana</creator><creator>Troncoso‐Palacios, Jaime</creator><creator>Wood, Perry L.</creator><creator>Sites, Jack W.</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><general>John Wiley and Sons Inc</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PHGZM</scope><scope>PHGZT</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PKEHL</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQGLB</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6372-7926</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>201812</creationdate><title>The shadow of the past: Convergence of young and old South American desert lizards as measured by head shape traits</title><author>Aguilar‐Puntriano, César ; 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In contrast, contingent factors are probably more influential in shaping phenotypic diversity for distantly related taxa. Here, we test putative convergent evolution of lizard head morphologies among relatively closely related desert dwelling Liolaemus species, and the very distantly related Ctenoblepharys adspersa. We estimated a multilocus time‐calibrated phylogeny of 57 species of South American liolaemus lizards, based on seven molecular markers. We collected head shape data for 468 specimens, and used three phylogenetic comparative methods (SURFACE, CONVEVOL, and WHEATSHEAF index) to test for and estimate the strength of convergence. We found strong evidence for convergence among Pacific desert lizard C. adspersa, Liolaemus audivetulatus, Liolaemus insolitus, Liolaemus poconchilensis, Liolaemus stolzmanni, and a candidate species (Liolaemus “Moquegua”). Our results suggest that, despite the long divergence and phylogenetic distance of C. adspersa with respect to convergent Liolaemus species, natural selection was probably more important than historical contingency in shaping phenotypic evolution in these desert lizards.
Convergent evolution in South American lizards. In this study we test if natural selection was stronger than historical contingency in the putative convergence of head traits between an old lizard lineage (Ctenoblepharys adspersa) and younger lizards (Liolaemus species) living in the extreme desert environments of the South American Pacific coast. We found a strong case of convergence between the younger lizards, and between these and C. adspersa. Our results suggest that natural selection was probably more important than historical contingency in the independent evolution of these head traits.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</pub><pmid>30598744</pmid><doi>10.1002/ece3.4548</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6372-7926</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Candidate species Contingency Convergence Ctenoblepharys adspersa Desert environments Deserts Divergence Environmental conditions Evolution Evolution & development Liolaemus Lizards Morphology Natural selection Original Research Phenotypes Phylogenetics Phylogeny repeated evolution South America Species |
title | The shadow of the past: Convergence of young and old South American desert lizards as measured by head shape traits |
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