Femtosecond diffraction studies of solid and liquid phase changes in shock-compressed bismuth
Bismuth has long been a prototypical system for investigating phase transformations and melting at high pressure. Despite decades of experimental study, however, the lattice-level response of Bi to rapid (shock) compression and the relationship between structures occurring dynamically and those obse...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Scientific reports 2018-11, Vol.8 (1), p.16927-8, Article 16927 |
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| creator | Gorman, M. G. Coleman, A. L. Briggs, R. McWilliams, R. S. McGonegle, D. Bolme, C. A. Gleason, A. E. Galtier, E. Lee, H. J. Granados, E. Śliwa, M. Sanloup, C. Rothman, S. Fratanduono, D. E. Smith, R. F. Collins, G. W. Eggert, J. H. Wark, J. S. McMahon, M. I. |
| description | Bismuth has long been a prototypical system for investigating phase transformations and melting at high pressure. Despite decades of experimental study, however, the lattice-level response of Bi to rapid (shock) compression and the relationship between structures occurring dynamically and those observed during slow (static) compression, are still not clearly understood. We have determined the structural response of shock-compressed Bi to 68 GPa using femtosecond X-ray diffraction, thereby revealing the phase transition sequence and equation-of-state in unprecedented detail for the first time. We show that shocked-Bi exhibits a marked departure from equilibrium behavior - the incommensurate Bi-III phase is not observed, but rather a new metastable phase, and the Bi-V phase is formed at significantly lower pressures compared to static compression studies. We also directly measure structural changes in a shocked liquid for the first time. These observations reveal new behaviour in the solid and liquid phases of a shocked material and give important insights into the validity of comparing static and dynamic datasets. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/s41598-018-35260-3 |
| format | Article |
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G. ; Coleman, A. L. ; Briggs, R. ; McWilliams, R. S. ; McGonegle, D. ; Bolme, C. A. ; Gleason, A. E. ; Galtier, E. ; Lee, H. J. ; Granados, E. ; Śliwa, M. ; Sanloup, C. ; Rothman, S. ; Fratanduono, D. E. ; Smith, R. F. ; Collins, G. W. ; Eggert, J. H. ; Wark, J. S. ; McMahon, M. I.</creator><creatorcontrib>Gorman, M. G. ; Coleman, A. L. ; Briggs, R. ; McWilliams, R. S. ; McGonegle, D. ; Bolme, C. A. ; Gleason, A. E. ; Galtier, E. ; Lee, H. J. ; Granados, E. ; Śliwa, M. ; Sanloup, C. ; Rothman, S. ; Fratanduono, D. E. ; Smith, R. F. ; Collins, G. W. ; Eggert, J. H. ; Wark, J. S. ; McMahon, M. I. ; SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States) ; Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)</creatorcontrib><description>Bismuth has long been a prototypical system for investigating phase transformations and melting at high pressure. Despite decades of experimental study, however, the lattice-level response of Bi to rapid (shock) compression and the relationship between structures occurring dynamically and those observed during slow (static) compression, are still not clearly understood. We have determined the structural response of shock-compressed Bi to 68 GPa using femtosecond X-ray diffraction, thereby revealing the phase transition sequence and equation-of-state in unprecedented detail for the first time. We show that shocked-Bi exhibits a marked departure from equilibrium behavior - the incommensurate Bi-III phase is not observed, but rather a new metastable phase, and the Bi-V phase is formed at significantly lower pressures compared to static compression studies. We also directly measure structural changes in a shocked liquid for the first time. These observations reveal new behaviour in the solid and liquid phases of a shocked material and give important insights into the validity of comparing static and dynamic datasets.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35260-3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30446720</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>639/301 ; 639/766/119 ; 639/766/119/2795 ; Bismuth ; Compression ; High pressure ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; MATERIALS SCIENCE ; multidisciplinary ; Phase transitions ; Physics - Condensed matter physics ; Science ; Science (multidisciplinary) ; Sciences of the Universe ; X-ray diffraction</subject><ispartof>Scientific reports, 2018-11, Vol.8 (1), p.16927-8, Article 16927</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2018</rights><rights>2018. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). 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G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Coleman, A. L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Briggs, R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McWilliams, R. S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McGonegle, D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bolme, C. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gleason, A. E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Galtier, E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, H. J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Granados, E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Śliwa, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sanloup, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rothman, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fratanduono, D. E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smith, R. F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Collins, G. W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eggert, J. H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wark, J. S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McMahon, M. I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)</creatorcontrib><title>Femtosecond diffraction studies of solid and liquid phase changes in shock-compressed bismuth</title><title>Scientific reports</title><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><description>Bismuth has long been a prototypical system for investigating phase transformations and melting at high pressure. Despite decades of experimental study, however, the lattice-level response of Bi to rapid (shock) compression and the relationship between structures occurring dynamically and those observed during slow (static) compression, are still not clearly understood. We have determined the structural response of shock-compressed Bi to 68 GPa using femtosecond X-ray diffraction, thereby revealing the phase transition sequence and equation-of-state in unprecedented detail for the first time. We show that shocked-Bi exhibits a marked departure from equilibrium behavior - the incommensurate Bi-III phase is not observed, but rather a new metastable phase, and the Bi-V phase is formed at significantly lower pressures compared to static compression studies. We also directly measure structural changes in a shocked liquid for the first time. These observations reveal new behaviour in the solid and liquid phases of a shocked material and give important insights into the validity of comparing static and dynamic datasets.</description><subject>639/301</subject><subject>639/766/119</subject><subject>639/766/119/2795</subject><subject>Bismuth</subject><subject>Compression</subject><subject>High pressure</subject><subject>Humanities and Social Sciences</subject><subject>MATERIALS SCIENCE</subject><subject>multidisciplinary</subject><subject>Phase transitions</subject><subject>Physics - Condensed matter physics</subject><subject>Science</subject><subject>Science (multidisciplinary)</subject><subject>Sciences of the Universe</subject><subject>X-ray diffraction</subject><issn>2045-2322</issn><issn>2045-2322</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kk1r3DAQhk1paUKaP9BDMe2lBNxKI8krXwohNB-wkEt6LEIry7FS29po5ED-fWfrJE1zqC4amGdejWbeonjP2RfOhP6KkqtGV4zrSiioWSVeFfvApKpAALx-Fu8Vh4g3jI6CRvLmbbEnmJT1Cth-8fPUjzmid3FqyzZ0XbIuhziVmOc2eCxjV2IcQltaAoZwO1O47S360vV2uiYiENxH96tycdwmj-jbchNwnHP_rnjT2QH94cN9UPw4_X51cl6tL88uTo7XlasZ5Epwu9JdW9sV9aygs4ppbrl19EfuhJWilbW2bAOeswY61ilNkWXetdBoKQ6Kb4vudt6MvnV-yskOZpvCaNO9iTaYfzNT6M11vDM1SMZqTQIfF4GIORh0IXvX00wm77LhsmE0LYKOFqh_oX1-vDZhwtkwoRqlG7jjBH9-aCnF29ljNmNA54fBTj7OaIALxQFof4R-eoHexDlNNLAdJUGD0oIoWCiXImLy3VMLnJmdJcxiCUOS5o8lzK7ow_PBPJU8GoAAsQBIKVpn-vv2f2R_A_npwKo</recordid><startdate>20181116</startdate><enddate>20181116</enddate><creator>Gorman, M. 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G.</au><au>Coleman, A. L.</au><au>Briggs, R.</au><au>McWilliams, R. S.</au><au>McGonegle, D.</au><au>Bolme, C. A.</au><au>Gleason, A. E.</au><au>Galtier, E.</au><au>Lee, H. J.</au><au>Granados, E.</au><au>Śliwa, M.</au><au>Sanloup, C.</au><au>Rothman, S.</au><au>Fratanduono, D. E.</au><au>Smith, R. F.</au><au>Collins, G. W.</au><au>Eggert, J. H.</au><au>Wark, J. S.</au><au>McMahon, M. I.</au><aucorp>SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)</aucorp><aucorp>Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Femtosecond diffraction studies of solid and liquid phase changes in shock-compressed bismuth</atitle><jtitle>Scientific reports</jtitle><stitle>Sci Rep</stitle><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><date>2018-11-16</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>8</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>16927</spage><epage>8</epage><pages>16927-8</pages><artnum>16927</artnum><issn>2045-2322</issn><eissn>2045-2322</eissn><abstract>Bismuth has long been a prototypical system for investigating phase transformations and melting at high pressure. Despite decades of experimental study, however, the lattice-level response of Bi to rapid (shock) compression and the relationship between structures occurring dynamically and those observed during slow (static) compression, are still not clearly understood. We have determined the structural response of shock-compressed Bi to 68 GPa using femtosecond X-ray diffraction, thereby revealing the phase transition sequence and equation-of-state in unprecedented detail for the first time. We show that shocked-Bi exhibits a marked departure from equilibrium behavior - the incommensurate Bi-III phase is not observed, but rather a new metastable phase, and the Bi-V phase is formed at significantly lower pressures compared to static compression studies. We also directly measure structural changes in a shocked liquid for the first time. These observations reveal new behaviour in the solid and liquid phases of a shocked material and give important insights into the validity of comparing static and dynamic datasets.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>30446720</pmid><doi>10.1038/s41598-018-35260-3</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8870-8921</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6549-9303</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000288708921</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000265499303</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | 639/301 639/766/119 639/766/119/2795 Bismuth Compression High pressure Humanities and Social Sciences MATERIALS SCIENCE multidisciplinary Phase transitions Physics - Condensed matter physics Science Science (multidisciplinary) Sciences of the Universe X-ray diffraction |
| title | Femtosecond diffraction studies of solid and liquid phase changes in shock-compressed bismuth |
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