Genotyping-by-sequencing supports a genetic basis for wing reduction in an alpine New Zealand stonefly

Wing polymorphism is a prominent feature of numerous insect groups, but the genomic basis for this diversity remains poorly understood. Wing reduction is a commonly observed trait in many species of stoneflies, particularly in cold or alpine environments. The widespread New Zealand stonefly Zelandop...

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Veröffentlicht in:Scientific reports 2018-11, Vol.8 (1), p.16275-12, Article 16275
Hauptverfasser: Veale, Andrew J., Foster, Brodie J., Dearden, Peter K., Waters, Jonathan M.
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Waters, Jonathan M.
description Wing polymorphism is a prominent feature of numerous insect groups, but the genomic basis for this diversity remains poorly understood. Wing reduction is a commonly observed trait in many species of stoneflies, particularly in cold or alpine environments. The widespread New Zealand stonefly Zelandoperla fenestrata species group ( Z . fenestrata , Z . tillyardi , Z . pennulata ) contains populations ranging from fully winged (macropterous) to vestigial-winged (micropterous), with the latter phenotype typically associated with high altitudes. The presence of flightless forms on numerous mountain ranges, separated by lowland fully winged populations, suggests wing reduction has occurred multiple times. We use Genotyping by Sequencing (GBS) to test for genetic differentiation between fully winged (n = 62) and vestigial-winged (n = 34) individuals, sampled from a sympatric population of distinct wing morphotypes, to test for a genetic basis for wing morphology. While we found no population genetic differentiation between these two morphotypes across 6,843 SNP loci, we did detect several outlier loci that strongly differentiated morphotypes across independent tests. These findings indicate that small regions of the genome are likely to be highly differentiated between morphotypes, suggesting a genetic basis for wing reduction. Our results provide a clear basis for ongoing genomic analysis to elucidate critical regulatory pathways for wing development in Pterygota.
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Wing reduction is a commonly observed trait in many species of stoneflies, particularly in cold or alpine environments. The widespread New Zealand stonefly Zelandoperla fenestrata species group ( Z . fenestrata , Z . tillyardi , Z . pennulata ) contains populations ranging from fully winged (macropterous) to vestigial-winged (micropterous), with the latter phenotype typically associated with high altitudes. The presence of flightless forms on numerous mountain ranges, separated by lowland fully winged populations, suggests wing reduction has occurred multiple times. We use Genotyping by Sequencing (GBS) to test for genetic differentiation between fully winged (n = 62) and vestigial-winged (n = 34) individuals, sampled from a sympatric population of distinct wing morphotypes, to test for a genetic basis for wing morphology. While we found no population genetic differentiation between these two morphotypes across 6,843 SNP loci, we did detect several outlier loci that strongly differentiated morphotypes across independent tests. These findings indicate that small regions of the genome are likely to be highly differentiated between morphotypes, suggesting a genetic basis for wing reduction. Our results provide a clear basis for ongoing genomic analysis to elucidate critical regulatory pathways for wing development in Pterygota.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>30389951</pmid><doi>10.1038/s41598-018-34123-1</doi><tpages>12</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1514-7916</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9405-272X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects 45/22
45/43
631/181/2474
631/181/457
Alpine environments
Aquatic insects
Evolution
Gene expression
Genomes
Genomic analysis
Genotyping
High-altitude environments
Humanities and Social Sciences
Hypotheses
Insects
Morphology
multidisciplinary
Phenotypes
Polymorphism
Population genetics
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Single-nucleotide polymorphism
Sympatric populations
title Genotyping-by-sequencing supports a genetic basis for wing reduction in an alpine New Zealand stonefly
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