Does early exposure to caffeine promote smoking and alcohol use behavior? A prospective analysis of middle school students
Background and Aims Despite the negative consequences associated with caffeine use among children and youth, its use is increasingly widespread among middle school students. Cross‐sectional studies reveal links between caffeine and other substance use. The potential for caffeine use to confer increa...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Addiction (Abingdon, England) England), 2018-09, Vol.113 (9), p.1706-1713 |
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| creator | Kristjansson, Alfgeir L. Kogan, Steven M. Mann, Michael J. Smith, Megan L. Juliano, Laura M. Lilly, Christa L. James, Jack E. |
| description | Background and Aims
Despite the negative consequences associated with caffeine use among children and youth, its use is increasingly widespread among middle school students. Cross‐sectional studies reveal links between caffeine and other substance use. The potential for caffeine use to confer increased vulnerability to substance use, however, has not been investigated using prospective designs. We hypothesized that caffeine use at baseline would be associated positively with increased alcohol use, drunkenness, smoking and e‐cigarette use.
Design
Prospective cohort study with 12 months separating baseline from follow‐up.
Setting
West Virginia, USA.
Participants
Middle school students (6th and 7th grades; n = 3932) in three West Virginia (WV) counties provided data at baseline and follow‐up 12 months later.
Measurements
Youth self‐reported their use of caffeine from multiple sources (e.g. soda, energy drinks, coffee and tea), cigarette smoking, electronic cigarette use, alcohol use and drunkenness.
Findings
Cross‐lagged path models for individual substance use categories provided a good fit to the data. Controlling for demographic variables and other substance use at baseline, caffeine at time 1 (T1) was associated positively with T2 cigarette smoking (β = 0.27, P = 0.001), e‐cigarette use (β = 0.21, P = 0.001), alcohol use (β = 0.17, P = 0.001) and drunkenness (β = 0.15, P = 0.001). Conversely, non‐significant relations emerged between three of four substances at T1 and caffeine at T2. Positive relations were found between e‐cigarette use at T1 and caffeine use at T2 (β = 0.07, P = 0.006). These findings were supported by an omnibus model with all substances included. Specifically, significant relations were observed between caffeine at T1 and all substance use outcomes at T2, whereas no significant relations were observed between substance use and caffeine over time.
Conclusions
Caffeine may promote early use of other types of substances among middle school‐aged adolescents. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/add.14261 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_6207478</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2032799718</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4431-9ea5742f923d2060f3dfdba1c40054692492bacb02474f9b706034a3b2959fa53</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kUFvFCEUx4nR2LV68AsYEi_2MC0wzLBcNJuurSZNvOiZMPDoUplhhJnV7aeXdWujTcoFEn783uP9EXpNySkt60xbe0o5a-kTtKB1SyrCef0ULYhsm4pRTo7Qi5xvCCFiKflzdMSkKMdGLtDtOkLGoFPYYfg1xjwnwFPERjsHfgA8ptjHCXDu43c_XGM9WKyDiZsY8JwBd7DRWx_TB7zas3kEM_ktFE6HXfYZR4d7b20oCrOJ5VWeZgvDlF-iZ06HDK_u9mP07eLj1_NP1dWXy8_nq6vKlF_QSoJuBGdOstoy0hJXW2c7TQ0npOGtZFyyTpuOMC64k50oTM113THZSKeb-hi9P3jHuevBmlI76aDG5Huddipqr_6_GfxGXcetahkRXCyL4N2dIMUfM-RJ9T4bCEEPEOesGKmZkFLQPfr2AXoT51RGsaeWVNZStKxQJwfKlIHlBO6-GUrUPlFVElV_Ei3sm3-7vyf_RliAswPw0wfYPW5Sq_X6oPwNS8esBg</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2081939762</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Does early exposure to caffeine promote smoking and alcohol use behavior? A prospective analysis of middle school students</title><source>Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete</source><creator>Kristjansson, Alfgeir L. ; Kogan, Steven M. ; Mann, Michael J. ; Smith, Megan L. ; Juliano, Laura M. ; Lilly, Christa L. ; James, Jack E.</creator><creatorcontrib>Kristjansson, Alfgeir L. ; Kogan, Steven M. ; Mann, Michael J. ; Smith, Megan L. ; Juliano, Laura M. ; Lilly, Christa L. ; James, Jack E.</creatorcontrib><description>Background and Aims
Despite the negative consequences associated with caffeine use among children and youth, its use is increasingly widespread among middle school students. Cross‐sectional studies reveal links between caffeine and other substance use. The potential for caffeine use to confer increased vulnerability to substance use, however, has not been investigated using prospective designs. We hypothesized that caffeine use at baseline would be associated positively with increased alcohol use, drunkenness, smoking and e‐cigarette use.
Design
Prospective cohort study with 12 months separating baseline from follow‐up.
Setting
West Virginia, USA.
Participants
Middle school students (6th and 7th grades; n = 3932) in three West Virginia (WV) counties provided data at baseline and follow‐up 12 months later.
Measurements
Youth self‐reported their use of caffeine from multiple sources (e.g. soda, energy drinks, coffee and tea), cigarette smoking, electronic cigarette use, alcohol use and drunkenness.
Findings
Cross‐lagged path models for individual substance use categories provided a good fit to the data. Controlling for demographic variables and other substance use at baseline, caffeine at time 1 (T1) was associated positively with T2 cigarette smoking (β = 0.27, P = 0.001), e‐cigarette use (β = 0.21, P = 0.001), alcohol use (β = 0.17, P = 0.001) and drunkenness (β = 0.15, P = 0.001). Conversely, non‐significant relations emerged between three of four substances at T1 and caffeine at T2. Positive relations were found between e‐cigarette use at T1 and caffeine use at T2 (β = 0.07, P = 0.006). These findings were supported by an omnibus model with all substances included. Specifically, significant relations were observed between caffeine at T1 and all substance use outcomes at T2, whereas no significant relations were observed between substance use and caffeine over time.
Conclusions
Caffeine may promote early use of other types of substances among middle school‐aged adolescents.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0965-2140</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1360-0443</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/add.14261</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29707859</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Adolescents ; Alcohol use ; Alcoholic beverages ; Alcohols ; Appalachia ; Caffeine ; Carbonated beverages ; Children ; Cigarette smoking ; Cigarettes ; Coffee ; Cohort analysis ; Demographic variables ; Demographics ; Drinks ; Drunkenness ; early adolescents ; Electronic cigarettes ; Intoxication ; Middle school students ; Middle schools ; primary prevention ; Smoking ; Substance abuse ; Substance use ; Tea ; Teenagers ; Vulnerability</subject><ispartof>Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2018-09, Vol.113 (9), p.1706-1713</ispartof><rights>2018 Society for the Study of Addiction</rights><rights>2018 Society for the Study of Addiction.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4431-9ea5742f923d2060f3dfdba1c40054692492bacb02474f9b706034a3b2959fa53</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4431-9ea5742f923d2060f3dfdba1c40054692492bacb02474f9b706034a3b2959fa53</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-8136-9210</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fadd.14261$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fadd.14261$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,1411,27903,27904,45553,45554</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29707859$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kristjansson, Alfgeir L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kogan, Steven M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mann, Michael J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smith, Megan L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Juliano, Laura M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lilly, Christa L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>James, Jack E.</creatorcontrib><title>Does early exposure to caffeine promote smoking and alcohol use behavior? A prospective analysis of middle school students</title><title>Addiction (Abingdon, England)</title><addtitle>Addiction</addtitle><description>Background and Aims
Despite the negative consequences associated with caffeine use among children and youth, its use is increasingly widespread among middle school students. Cross‐sectional studies reveal links between caffeine and other substance use. The potential for caffeine use to confer increased vulnerability to substance use, however, has not been investigated using prospective designs. We hypothesized that caffeine use at baseline would be associated positively with increased alcohol use, drunkenness, smoking and e‐cigarette use.
Design
Prospective cohort study with 12 months separating baseline from follow‐up.
Setting
West Virginia, USA.
Participants
Middle school students (6th and 7th grades; n = 3932) in three West Virginia (WV) counties provided data at baseline and follow‐up 12 months later.
Measurements
Youth self‐reported their use of caffeine from multiple sources (e.g. soda, energy drinks, coffee and tea), cigarette smoking, electronic cigarette use, alcohol use and drunkenness.
Findings
Cross‐lagged path models for individual substance use categories provided a good fit to the data. Controlling for demographic variables and other substance use at baseline, caffeine at time 1 (T1) was associated positively with T2 cigarette smoking (β = 0.27, P = 0.001), e‐cigarette use (β = 0.21, P = 0.001), alcohol use (β = 0.17, P = 0.001) and drunkenness (β = 0.15, P = 0.001). Conversely, non‐significant relations emerged between three of four substances at T1 and caffeine at T2. Positive relations were found between e‐cigarette use at T1 and caffeine use at T2 (β = 0.07, P = 0.006). These findings were supported by an omnibus model with all substances included. Specifically, significant relations were observed between caffeine at T1 and all substance use outcomes at T2, whereas no significant relations were observed between substance use and caffeine over time.
Conclusions
Caffeine may promote early use of other types of substances among middle school‐aged adolescents.</description><subject>Adolescents</subject><subject>Alcohol use</subject><subject>Alcoholic beverages</subject><subject>Alcohols</subject><subject>Appalachia</subject><subject>Caffeine</subject><subject>Carbonated beverages</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Cigarette smoking</subject><subject>Cigarettes</subject><subject>Coffee</subject><subject>Cohort analysis</subject><subject>Demographic variables</subject><subject>Demographics</subject><subject>Drinks</subject><subject>Drunkenness</subject><subject>early adolescents</subject><subject>Electronic cigarettes</subject><subject>Intoxication</subject><subject>Middle school students</subject><subject>Middle schools</subject><subject>primary prevention</subject><subject>Smoking</subject><subject>Substance abuse</subject><subject>Substance use</subject><subject>Tea</subject><subject>Teenagers</subject><subject>Vulnerability</subject><issn>0965-2140</issn><issn>1360-0443</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kUFvFCEUx4nR2LV68AsYEi_2MC0wzLBcNJuurSZNvOiZMPDoUplhhJnV7aeXdWujTcoFEn783uP9EXpNySkt60xbe0o5a-kTtKB1SyrCef0ULYhsm4pRTo7Qi5xvCCFiKflzdMSkKMdGLtDtOkLGoFPYYfg1xjwnwFPERjsHfgA8ptjHCXDu43c_XGM9WKyDiZsY8JwBd7DRWx_TB7zas3kEM_ktFE6HXfYZR4d7b20oCrOJ5VWeZgvDlF-iZ06HDK_u9mP07eLj1_NP1dWXy8_nq6vKlF_QSoJuBGdOstoy0hJXW2c7TQ0npOGtZFyyTpuOMC64k50oTM113THZSKeb-hi9P3jHuevBmlI76aDG5Huddipqr_6_GfxGXcetahkRXCyL4N2dIMUfM-RJ9T4bCEEPEOesGKmZkFLQPfr2AXoT51RGsaeWVNZStKxQJwfKlIHlBO6-GUrUPlFVElV_Ei3sm3-7vyf_RliAswPw0wfYPW5Sq_X6oPwNS8esBg</recordid><startdate>201809</startdate><enddate>201809</enddate><creator>Kristjansson, Alfgeir L.</creator><creator>Kogan, Steven M.</creator><creator>Mann, Michael J.</creator><creator>Smith, Megan L.</creator><creator>Juliano, Laura M.</creator><creator>Lilly, Christa L.</creator><creator>James, Jack E.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>8BJ</scope><scope>FQK</scope><scope>JBE</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8136-9210</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>201809</creationdate><title>Does early exposure to caffeine promote smoking and alcohol use behavior? A prospective analysis of middle school students</title><author>Kristjansson, Alfgeir L. ; Kogan, Steven M. ; Mann, Michael J. ; Smith, Megan L. ; Juliano, Laura M. ; Lilly, Christa L. ; James, Jack E.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4431-9ea5742f923d2060f3dfdba1c40054692492bacb02474f9b706034a3b2959fa53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Adolescents</topic><topic>Alcohol use</topic><topic>Alcoholic beverages</topic><topic>Alcohols</topic><topic>Appalachia</topic><topic>Caffeine</topic><topic>Carbonated beverages</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Cigarette smoking</topic><topic>Cigarettes</topic><topic>Coffee</topic><topic>Cohort analysis</topic><topic>Demographic variables</topic><topic>Demographics</topic><topic>Drinks</topic><topic>Drunkenness</topic><topic>early adolescents</topic><topic>Electronic cigarettes</topic><topic>Intoxication</topic><topic>Middle school students</topic><topic>Middle schools</topic><topic>primary prevention</topic><topic>Smoking</topic><topic>Substance abuse</topic><topic>Substance use</topic><topic>Tea</topic><topic>Teenagers</topic><topic>Vulnerability</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kristjansson, Alfgeir L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kogan, Steven M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mann, Michael J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smith, Megan L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Juliano, Laura M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lilly, Christa L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>James, Jack E.</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Addiction (Abingdon, England)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kristjansson, Alfgeir L.</au><au>Kogan, Steven M.</au><au>Mann, Michael J.</au><au>Smith, Megan L.</au><au>Juliano, Laura M.</au><au>Lilly, Christa L.</au><au>James, Jack E.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Does early exposure to caffeine promote smoking and alcohol use behavior? A prospective analysis of middle school students</atitle><jtitle>Addiction (Abingdon, England)</jtitle><addtitle>Addiction</addtitle><date>2018-09</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>113</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>1706</spage><epage>1713</epage><pages>1706-1713</pages><issn>0965-2140</issn><eissn>1360-0443</eissn><abstract>Background and Aims
Despite the negative consequences associated with caffeine use among children and youth, its use is increasingly widespread among middle school students. Cross‐sectional studies reveal links between caffeine and other substance use. The potential for caffeine use to confer increased vulnerability to substance use, however, has not been investigated using prospective designs. We hypothesized that caffeine use at baseline would be associated positively with increased alcohol use, drunkenness, smoking and e‐cigarette use.
Design
Prospective cohort study with 12 months separating baseline from follow‐up.
Setting
West Virginia, USA.
Participants
Middle school students (6th and 7th grades; n = 3932) in three West Virginia (WV) counties provided data at baseline and follow‐up 12 months later.
Measurements
Youth self‐reported their use of caffeine from multiple sources (e.g. soda, energy drinks, coffee and tea), cigarette smoking, electronic cigarette use, alcohol use and drunkenness.
Findings
Cross‐lagged path models for individual substance use categories provided a good fit to the data. Controlling for demographic variables and other substance use at baseline, caffeine at time 1 (T1) was associated positively with T2 cigarette smoking (β = 0.27, P = 0.001), e‐cigarette use (β = 0.21, P = 0.001), alcohol use (β = 0.17, P = 0.001) and drunkenness (β = 0.15, P = 0.001). Conversely, non‐significant relations emerged between three of four substances at T1 and caffeine at T2. Positive relations were found between e‐cigarette use at T1 and caffeine use at T2 (β = 0.07, P = 0.006). These findings were supported by an omnibus model with all substances included. Specifically, significant relations were observed between caffeine at T1 and all substance use outcomes at T2, whereas no significant relations were observed between substance use and caffeine over time.
Conclusions
Caffeine may promote early use of other types of substances among middle school‐aged adolescents.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>29707859</pmid><doi>10.1111/add.14261</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8136-9210</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 0965-2140 |
| ispartof | Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2018-09, Vol.113 (9), p.1706-1713 |
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| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_6207478 |
| source | Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete |
| subjects | Adolescents Alcohol use Alcoholic beverages Alcohols Appalachia Caffeine Carbonated beverages Children Cigarette smoking Cigarettes Coffee Cohort analysis Demographic variables Demographics Drinks Drunkenness early adolescents Electronic cigarettes Intoxication Middle school students Middle schools primary prevention Smoking Substance abuse Substance use Tea Teenagers Vulnerability |
| title | Does early exposure to caffeine promote smoking and alcohol use behavior? A prospective analysis of middle school students |
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