Acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome: pathophysiology and treatment

Acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome: pathophysiology and treatment

Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) represent a spectrum of acute respiratory failure with diffuse, bilateral lung injury and severe hypoxemia caused by non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Failure may be initiated by pulmonary or extrapulmonary insults (e.g., pneumoni...

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Veröffentlicht in:Missouri medicine 2010-07, Vol.107 (4), p.252-258
Hauptverfasser: Matuschak, George M, Lechner, Andrew J
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
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Acute Lung Injury - physiopathology
Acute Lung Injury - therapy
Humans
Respiration, Artificial
Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult - physiopathology
Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult - therapy
Science of Medicine
Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury - prevention & control
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Lechner, Andrew J
description Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) represent a spectrum of acute respiratory failure with diffuse, bilateral lung injury and severe hypoxemia caused by non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Failure may be initiated by pulmonary or extrapulmonary insults (e.g., pneumonia, sepsis, trauma, aspiration) that increase alveolar epithelial endothelial permeability, flood alveoli, and reduce lung compliance. The only treatment proven to improve survival is mechanical ventilation using a 'lung protective strategy' with tidal volume =6 mL/kg predicted body weight. Although mortality can exceed 50%, survivors have a good prognosis for recovery of lung function.
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subjects Acute Lung Injury - physiopathology
Acute Lung Injury - therapy
Humans
Respiration, Artificial
Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult - physiopathology
Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult - therapy
Science of Medicine
Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury - prevention & control
title Acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome: pathophysiology and treatment
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