Prolonged furosemide exposure and risk of abnormal newborn hearing screen in premature infants

At very high doses, furosemide is linked to ototoxicity in adults, but little is known about the risk of hearing loss in premature infants exposed to furosemide. Evaluate the association between prolonged furosemide exposure and abnormal hearing screening in premature infants. Using propensity scori...

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Veröffentlicht in:Early human development 2018-10, Vol.125, p.26-30
Hauptverfasser: Wang, Laura A., Smith, P. Brian, Laughon, Matthew, Goldberg, Ronald N., Ku, Lawrence C., Zimmerman, Kanecia O., Balevic, Stephen, Clark, Reese H., Benjamin, Daniel K., Greenberg, Rachel G.
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container_start_page 26
container_title Early human development
container_volume 125
creator Wang, Laura A.
Smith, P. Brian
Laughon, Matthew
Goldberg, Ronald N.
Ku, Lawrence C.
Zimmerman, Kanecia O.
Balevic, Stephen
Clark, Reese H.
Benjamin, Daniel K.
Greenberg, Rachel G.
description At very high doses, furosemide is linked to ototoxicity in adults, but little is known about the risk of hearing loss in premature infants exposed to furosemide. Evaluate the association between prolonged furosemide exposure and abnormal hearing screening in premature infants. Using propensity scoring, infants with prolonged (≥28 days) exposure to furosemide were matched to infants never exposed. The matched sample was used to estimate the impact of prolonged furosemide exposure on the probability of an abnormal hearing screen prior to hospital discharge. A cohort of infants 501–1250 g birth weight and 23–29 weeks gestational age discharged home from 210 neonatal intensive care units in the United States (2004–2013). We defined abnormal hearing screen as a result of either “fail” or “refer” for either ear. Altogether, 1020 infants exposed to furosemide for ≥28 days were matched to 790 unique infants never exposed, yielding a total of 1042 matches due to sampling with replacement and propensity score ties. Matching resulted in a population similar in baseline characteristics. After adjusting for covariates, the proportion of infants with an abnormal hearing screen in the furosemide-exposed group was not significantly higher than the never-exposed group (absolute difference 3.0% [95% CI −0.2–6.2%], P = 0.07). Prolonged furosemide exposure was associated with a positive, but not statistically significant, difference in abnormal hearing screening in premature infants. Additional studies with post-hospital discharge audiology follow-up are needed to further evaluate the safety of furosemide in this population. •Prolonged furosemide was not associated with a significant difference in abnormal hearing screening in premature infants.•The findings from our study have important implications for understanding the safety of furosemide in premature infants.•Additional studies with extended follow-up are needed to further evaluate the safety of furosemide in this population.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2018.08.009
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The matched sample was used to estimate the impact of prolonged furosemide exposure on the probability of an abnormal hearing screen prior to hospital discharge. A cohort of infants 501–1250 g birth weight and 23–29 weeks gestational age discharged home from 210 neonatal intensive care units in the United States (2004–2013). We defined abnormal hearing screen as a result of either “fail” or “refer” for either ear. Altogether, 1020 infants exposed to furosemide for ≥28 days were matched to 790 unique infants never exposed, yielding a total of 1042 matches due to sampling with replacement and propensity score ties. Matching resulted in a population similar in baseline characteristics. After adjusting for covariates, the proportion of infants with an abnormal hearing screen in the furosemide-exposed group was not significantly higher than the never-exposed group (absolute difference 3.0% [95% CI −0.2–6.2%], P = 0.07). Prolonged furosemide exposure was associated with a positive, but not statistically significant, difference in abnormal hearing screening in premature infants. Additional studies with post-hospital discharge audiology follow-up are needed to further evaluate the safety of furosemide in this population. •Prolonged furosemide was not associated with a significant difference in abnormal hearing screening in premature infants.•The findings from our study have important implications for understanding the safety of furosemide in premature infants.•Additional studies with extended follow-up are needed to further evaluate the safety of furosemide in this population.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0378-3782</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1872-6232</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1872-6232</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2018.08.009</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30193125</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Ireland: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia - drug therapy ; Diuretic ; Diuretics - adverse effects ; Diuretics - therapeutic use ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem - physiology ; Female ; Furosemide - adverse effects ; Furosemide - therapeutic use ; Gestational Age ; Hearing loss ; Hearing Loss - chemically induced ; Hearing Loss - diagnosis ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Male ; Ototoxicity ; Pregnancy ; Preterm ; Safety</subject><ispartof>Early human development, 2018-10, Vol.125, p.26-30</ispartof><rights>2018 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. 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Brian</au><au>Laughon, Matthew</au><au>Goldberg, Ronald N.</au><au>Ku, Lawrence C.</au><au>Zimmerman, Kanecia O.</au><au>Balevic, Stephen</au><au>Clark, Reese H.</au><au>Benjamin, Daniel K.</au><au>Greenberg, Rachel G.</au><aucorp>Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act – Pediatric Trials Network Steering Committee</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Prolonged furosemide exposure and risk of abnormal newborn hearing screen in premature infants</atitle><jtitle>Early human development</jtitle><addtitle>Early Hum Dev</addtitle><date>2018-10-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>125</volume><spage>26</spage><epage>30</epage><pages>26-30</pages><issn>0378-3782</issn><issn>1872-6232</issn><eissn>1872-6232</eissn><abstract>At very high doses, furosemide is linked to ototoxicity in adults, but little is known about the risk of hearing loss in premature infants exposed to furosemide. Evaluate the association between prolonged furosemide exposure and abnormal hearing screening in premature infants. Using propensity scoring, infants with prolonged (≥28 days) exposure to furosemide were matched to infants never exposed. The matched sample was used to estimate the impact of prolonged furosemide exposure on the probability of an abnormal hearing screen prior to hospital discharge. A cohort of infants 501–1250 g birth weight and 23–29 weeks gestational age discharged home from 210 neonatal intensive care units in the United States (2004–2013). We defined abnormal hearing screen as a result of either “fail” or “refer” for either ear. Altogether, 1020 infants exposed to furosemide for ≥28 days were matched to 790 unique infants never exposed, yielding a total of 1042 matches due to sampling with replacement and propensity score ties. Matching resulted in a population similar in baseline characteristics. After adjusting for covariates, the proportion of infants with an abnormal hearing screen in the furosemide-exposed group was not significantly higher than the never-exposed group (absolute difference 3.0% [95% CI −0.2–6.2%], P = 0.07). Prolonged furosemide exposure was associated with a positive, but not statistically significant, difference in abnormal hearing screening in premature infants. Additional studies with post-hospital discharge audiology follow-up are needed to further evaluate the safety of furosemide in this population. •Prolonged furosemide was not associated with a significant difference in abnormal hearing screening in premature infants.•The findings from our study have important implications for understanding the safety of furosemide in premature infants.•Additional studies with extended follow-up are needed to further evaluate the safety of furosemide in this population.</abstract><cop>Ireland</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>30193125</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2018.08.009</doi><tpages>5</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4156-8543</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia - drug therapy
Diuretic
Diuretics - adverse effects
Diuretics - therapeutic use
Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem - physiology
Female
Furosemide - adverse effects
Furosemide - therapeutic use
Gestational Age
Hearing loss
Hearing Loss - chemically induced
Hearing Loss - diagnosis
Hearing Tests
Humans
Infant, Newborn
Infant, Premature
Intensive Care Units, Neonatal
Male
Ototoxicity
Pregnancy
Preterm
Safety
title Prolonged furosemide exposure and risk of abnormal newborn hearing screen in premature infants
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