The somatic piRNA pathway controls germline transposition over generations

Abstract Transposable elements (TEs) are parasitic DNA sequences that threaten genome integrity by replicative transposition in host gonads. The Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) pathway is assumed to maintain Drosophila genome homeostasis by downregulating transcriptional and post-transcriptional TE e...

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Veröffentlicht in:Nucleic acids research 2018-10, Vol.46 (18), p.9524-9536
Hauptverfasser: Barckmann, Bridlin, El-Barouk, Marianne, Pélisson, Alain, Mugat, Bruno, Li, Blaise, Franckhauser, Céline, Fiston Lavier, Anna-Sophie, Mirouze, Marie, Fablet, Marie, Chambeyron, Séverine
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container_end_page 9536
container_issue 18
container_start_page 9524
container_title Nucleic acids research
container_volume 46
creator Barckmann, Bridlin
El-Barouk, Marianne
Pélisson, Alain
Mugat, Bruno
Li, Blaise
Franckhauser, Céline
Fiston Lavier, Anna-Sophie
Mirouze, Marie
Fablet, Marie
Chambeyron, Séverine
description Abstract Transposable elements (TEs) are parasitic DNA sequences that threaten genome integrity by replicative transposition in host gonads. The Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) pathway is assumed to maintain Drosophila genome homeostasis by downregulating transcriptional and post-transcriptional TE expression in the ovary. However, the bursts of transposition that are expected to follow transposome derepression after piRNA pathway impairment have not yet been reported. Here, we show, at a genome-wide level, that piRNA loss in the ovarian somatic cells boosts several families of the endogenous retroviral subclass of TEs, at various steps of their replication cycle, from somatic transcription to germinal genome invasion. For some of these TEs, the derepression caused by the loss of piRNAs is backed up by another small RNA pathway (siRNAs) operating in somatic tissues at the post transcriptional level. Derepressed transposition during 70 successive generations of piRNA loss exponentially increases the genomic copy number by up to 10-fold.
doi_str_mv 10.1093/nar/gky761
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subjects Biochemistry, Molecular Biology
Botanics
Genome Integrity, Repair and
Genomics
Life Sciences
Vegetal Biology
title The somatic piRNA pathway controls germline transposition over generations
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