Erzhi Formula Extracts Reverse Renal Injury in Diabetic Nephropathy Rats by Protecting the Renal Podocytes
Podocytes injury was a crucial factor resulting in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Erzhi formula extract (EZF) was a clinical effective Chinese medicine on DN, but its mechanism was unclear. In this study, the main compounds of EZF and their pharmacokinetics in rat were detected by HPLC-MS/MS. And then,...
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| creator | Wang, Huajun Liu, Xiang Yin, Jiangning Jiang, Jun Lu, Guoyuan |
| description | Podocytes injury was a crucial factor resulting in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Erzhi formula extract (EZF) was a clinical effective Chinese medicine on DN, but its mechanism was unclear. In this study, the main compounds of EZF and their pharmacokinetics in rat were detected by HPLC-MS/MS. And then, blood glucose, urine protein, renal index, renal microstructural (HE/PAS staining), inflammatory factors (IL-β, TNF-α, IL-6), and protein/mRNA expression related to the function of podocyte (CD2AP and Podocin) in DN rats were investigated after the oral administration of EZF. The concentrations of specnuezhenide and wedelolactone in rat kidney were 7.19 and 0.057 mg/kg, respectively. The Tmax of specnuezhenide and wedelolactone were 2.0 and 1.50 h, respectively. Their Cmax were, respectively, 30.24 ± 2.68 and 6.39 ± 0.05 μg/L. Their AUC(0-∞) were 123.30 ± 2.68 and 16.56 ± 0.98 μg/L⁎h, respectively. Compared with the model group, the blood glucose and the 24-hour urinary protein were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) after 16 weeks’ treatment of EZF. The expressions of Podocin and CD2AP protein/mRNA were increased (P < 0. 05). The deteriorate of glomerular morphology was alleviated under the treatment of EZF. EZF prominently decreased the levels of inflammatory factors (P < 0.05). MDA was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) with the significant increase of SOD activity (P < 0.05) in EZF groups. All the results proved that EZF repaired glomerular mesangial matrix, protected renal tubule, and improved renal function in DN rats by upregulating the expression of Podocin and CD2AP protein/mRNA in podocytes. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1155/2018/1741924 |
| format | Article |
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Erzhi formula extract (EZF) was a clinical effective Chinese medicine on DN, but its mechanism was unclear. In this study, the main compounds of EZF and their pharmacokinetics in rat were detected by HPLC-MS/MS. And then, blood glucose, urine protein, renal index, renal microstructural (HE/PAS staining), inflammatory factors (IL-β, TNF-α, IL-6), and protein/mRNA expression related to the function of podocyte (CD2AP and Podocin) in DN rats were investigated after the oral administration of EZF. The concentrations of specnuezhenide and wedelolactone in rat kidney were 7.19 and 0.057 mg/kg, respectively. The Tmax of specnuezhenide and wedelolactone were 2.0 and 1.50 h, respectively. Their Cmax were, respectively, 30.24 ± 2.68 and 6.39 ± 0.05 μg/L. Their AUC(0-∞) were 123.30 ± 2.68 and 16.56 ± 0.98 μg/L⁎h, respectively. Compared with the model group, the blood glucose and the 24-hour urinary protein were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) after 16 weeks’ treatment of EZF. The expressions of Podocin and CD2AP protein/mRNA were increased (P < 0. 05). The deteriorate of glomerular morphology was alleviated under the treatment of EZF. EZF prominently decreased the levels of inflammatory factors (P < 0.05). MDA was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) with the significant increase of SOD activity (P < 0.05) in EZF groups. All the results proved that EZF repaired glomerular mesangial matrix, protected renal tubule, and improved renal function in DN rats by upregulating the expression of Podocin and CD2AP protein/mRNA in podocytes.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1741-427X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1741-4288</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1155/2018/1741924</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30210570</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cairo, Egypt: Hindawi Publishing Corporation</publisher><subject>Acids ; Animals ; Biochemistry ; Blood ; Blood sugar ; CD2AP protein ; Chromatography ; Diabetes ; Diabetes mellitus ; Diabetic nephropathies ; Diabetic nephropathy ; Endoplasmic reticulum ; Ethanol ; Gangrene ; Gene expression ; Glucose ; Herbal medicine ; High-performance liquid chromatography ; Inflammation ; Interleukin 6 ; Kinases ; Liquid chromatography ; Mass spectrometry ; Nephropathy ; Oral administration ; Pharmacokinetics ; Polyclonal antibodies ; Proteins ; Rats ; Renal function ; Rodents ; Scientific imaging ; Superoxide dismutase ; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF ; Tumor necrosis factor-α ; Urine</subject><ispartof>Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine, 2018-01, Vol.2018 (2018), p.1-13</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2018 Jun Jiang et al.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2018 Jun Jiang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</rights><rights>Copyright © 2018 Jun Jiang et al. 2018</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c499t-7273cf74ee084d2691913aba49fea4b442ed9ea3393ce760c7a3e9dff0e37f83</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c499t-7273cf74ee084d2691913aba49fea4b442ed9ea3393ce760c7a3e9dff0e37f83</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-6342-165X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6126112/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6126112/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,724,777,781,882,27905,27906,53772,53774</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30210570$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Gong, Yuewen</contributor><contributor>Yuewen Gong</contributor><creatorcontrib>Wang, Huajun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Xiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yin, Jiangning</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jiang, Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Guoyuan</creatorcontrib><title>Erzhi Formula Extracts Reverse Renal Injury in Diabetic Nephropathy Rats by Protecting the Renal Podocytes</title><title>Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine</title><addtitle>Evid Based Complement Alternat Med</addtitle><description>Podocytes injury was a crucial factor resulting in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Erzhi formula extract (EZF) was a clinical effective Chinese medicine on DN, but its mechanism was unclear. In this study, the main compounds of EZF and their pharmacokinetics in rat were detected by HPLC-MS/MS. And then, blood glucose, urine protein, renal index, renal microstructural (HE/PAS staining), inflammatory factors (IL-β, TNF-α, IL-6), and protein/mRNA expression related to the function of podocyte (CD2AP and Podocin) in DN rats were investigated after the oral administration of EZF. The concentrations of specnuezhenide and wedelolactone in rat kidney were 7.19 and 0.057 mg/kg, respectively. The Tmax of specnuezhenide and wedelolactone were 2.0 and 1.50 h, respectively. Their Cmax were, respectively, 30.24 ± 2.68 and 6.39 ± 0.05 μg/L. Their AUC(0-∞) were 123.30 ± 2.68 and 16.56 ± 0.98 μg/L⁎h, respectively. Compared with the model group, the blood glucose and the 24-hour urinary protein were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) after 16 weeks’ treatment of EZF. The expressions of Podocin and CD2AP protein/mRNA were increased (P < 0. 05). The deteriorate of glomerular morphology was alleviated under the treatment of EZF. EZF prominently decreased the levels of inflammatory factors (P < 0.05). MDA was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) with the significant increase of SOD activity (P < 0.05) in EZF groups. All the results proved that EZF repaired glomerular mesangial matrix, protected renal tubule, and improved renal function in DN rats by upregulating the expression of Podocin and CD2AP protein/mRNA in podocytes.</description><subject>Acids</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biochemistry</subject><subject>Blood</subject><subject>Blood sugar</subject><subject>CD2AP protein</subject><subject>Chromatography</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Diabetes mellitus</subject><subject>Diabetic nephropathies</subject><subject>Diabetic nephropathy</subject><subject>Endoplasmic reticulum</subject><subject>Ethanol</subject><subject>Gangrene</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Glucose</subject><subject>Herbal medicine</subject><subject>High-performance liquid chromatography</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Interleukin 6</subject><subject>Kinases</subject><subject>Liquid chromatography</subject><subject>Mass spectrometry</subject><subject>Nephropathy</subject><subject>Oral administration</subject><subject>Pharmacokinetics</subject><subject>Polyclonal antibodies</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Renal function</subject><subject>Rodents</subject><subject>Scientific imaging</subject><subject>Superoxide dismutase</subject><subject>Tumor necrosis factor-TNF</subject><subject>Tumor necrosis 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Formula Extracts Reverse Renal Injury in Diabetic Nephropathy Rats by Protecting the Renal Podocytes</title><author>Wang, Huajun ; Liu, Xiang ; Yin, Jiangning ; Jiang, Jun ; Lu, Guoyuan</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c499t-7273cf74ee084d2691913aba49fea4b442ed9ea3393ce760c7a3e9dff0e37f83</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Acids</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biochemistry</topic><topic>Blood</topic><topic>Blood sugar</topic><topic>CD2AP protein</topic><topic>Chromatography</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Diabetes mellitus</topic><topic>Diabetic nephropathies</topic><topic>Diabetic nephropathy</topic><topic>Endoplasmic reticulum</topic><topic>Ethanol</topic><topic>Gangrene</topic><topic>Gene expression</topic><topic>Glucose</topic><topic>Herbal medicine</topic><topic>High-performance liquid chromatography</topic><topic>Inflammation</topic><topic>Interleukin 6</topic><topic>Kinases</topic><topic>Liquid chromatography</topic><topic>Mass spectrometry</topic><topic>Nephropathy</topic><topic>Oral administration</topic><topic>Pharmacokinetics</topic><topic>Polyclonal antibodies</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Renal function</topic><topic>Rodents</topic><topic>Scientific imaging</topic><topic>Superoxide dismutase</topic><topic>Tumor necrosis factor-TNF</topic><topic>Tumor necrosis factor-α</topic><topic>Urine</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wang, Huajun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Xiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yin, Jiangning</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jiang, Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Guoyuan</creatorcontrib><collection>الدوريات العلمية والإحصائية - e-Marefa Academic and Statistical Periodicals</collection><collection>معرفة - المحتوى العربي الأكاديمي المتكامل 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Podocytes</atitle><jtitle>Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine</jtitle><addtitle>Evid Based Complement Alternat Med</addtitle><date>2018-01-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>2018</volume><issue>2018</issue><spage>1</spage><epage>13</epage><pages>1-13</pages><issn>1741-427X</issn><eissn>1741-4288</eissn><abstract>Podocytes injury was a crucial factor resulting in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Erzhi formula extract (EZF) was a clinical effective Chinese medicine on DN, but its mechanism was unclear. In this study, the main compounds of EZF and their pharmacokinetics in rat were detected by HPLC-MS/MS. And then, blood glucose, urine protein, renal index, renal microstructural (HE/PAS staining), inflammatory factors (IL-β, TNF-α, IL-6), and protein/mRNA expression related to the function of podocyte (CD2AP and Podocin) in DN rats were investigated after the oral administration of EZF. The concentrations of specnuezhenide and wedelolactone in rat kidney were 7.19 and 0.057 mg/kg, respectively. The Tmax of specnuezhenide and wedelolactone were 2.0 and 1.50 h, respectively. Their Cmax were, respectively, 30.24 ± 2.68 and 6.39 ± 0.05 μg/L. Their AUC(0-∞) were 123.30 ± 2.68 and 16.56 ± 0.98 μg/L⁎h, respectively. Compared with the model group, the blood glucose and the 24-hour urinary protein were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) after 16 weeks’ treatment of EZF. The expressions of Podocin and CD2AP protein/mRNA were increased (P < 0. 05). The deteriorate of glomerular morphology was alleviated under the treatment of EZF. EZF prominently decreased the levels of inflammatory factors (P < 0.05). MDA was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) with the significant increase of SOD activity (P < 0.05) in EZF groups. All the results proved that EZF repaired glomerular mesangial matrix, protected renal tubule, and improved renal function in DN rats by upregulating the expression of Podocin and CD2AP protein/mRNA in podocytes.</abstract><cop>Cairo, Egypt</cop><pub>Hindawi Publishing Corporation</pub><pmid>30210570</pmid><doi>10.1155/2018/1741924</doi><tpages>13</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6342-165X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Acids Animals Biochemistry Blood Blood sugar CD2AP protein Chromatography Diabetes Diabetes mellitus Diabetic nephropathies Diabetic nephropathy Endoplasmic reticulum Ethanol Gangrene Gene expression Glucose Herbal medicine High-performance liquid chromatography Inflammation Interleukin 6 Kinases Liquid chromatography Mass spectrometry Nephropathy Oral administration Pharmacokinetics Polyclonal antibodies Proteins Rats Renal function Rodents Scientific imaging Superoxide dismutase Tumor necrosis factor-TNF Tumor necrosis factor-α Urine |
| title | Erzhi Formula Extracts Reverse Renal Injury in Diabetic Nephropathy Rats by Protecting the Renal Podocytes |
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