Awareness Regarding Pap Smear Among Female University Students of Karachi: A Cross-sectional Survey
To determine the knowledge and practices regarding Papanicolaou (Pap) smear test among female university students of Karachi. This cross-sectional study was carried out among 491 female university students of Karachi. Participants were selected by random sampling between the ages of 18 to 30 years;...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) CA), 2018-06, Vol.10 (6), p.e2784-e2784 |
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| creator | Khan, Meeshal Zafar, Amara Muneer, Ramsha Siddiqui, Amna A |
| description | To determine the knowledge and practices regarding Papanicolaou (Pap) smear test among female university students of Karachi.
This cross-sectional study was carried out among 491 female university students of Karachi. Participants were selected by random sampling between the ages of 18 to 30 years; from different universities namely Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Jinnah Sindh Medical University (JSMU), and Institute of Business administration (IBA). Pearson chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U tests were applied as the primary statistical methods.
Out of 491 participants, three-quarters of the participants knew about the Pap smear test. However, only 1.6% had undergone the procedure. Age, socioeconomic status (SES), and medical background all had a significant relationship with the awareness of Pap smear test. One-third of the females in the study blamed lack of knowledge as the major reason for not getting a Pap smear while another third blamed the lack of recommendation by health care professionals.
According to our study, female undergraduate students of Karachi have insufficient knowledge and exposure to Pap smear, a screening test that could decrease the burden of cervical cancer among the female population of our country. Further research is required to assess the severity of the problem and consequently strategize to control it. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.7759/cureus.2784 |
| format | Article |
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This cross-sectional study was carried out among 491 female university students of Karachi. Participants were selected by random sampling between the ages of 18 to 30 years; from different universities namely Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Jinnah Sindh Medical University (JSMU), and Institute of Business administration (IBA). Pearson chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U tests were applied as the primary statistical methods.
Out of 491 participants, three-quarters of the participants knew about the Pap smear test. However, only 1.6% had undergone the procedure. Age, socioeconomic status (SES), and medical background all had a significant relationship with the awareness of Pap smear test. One-third of the females in the study blamed lack of knowledge as the major reason for not getting a Pap smear while another third blamed the lack of recommendation by health care professionals.
According to our study, female undergraduate students of Karachi have insufficient knowledge and exposure to Pap smear, a screening test that could decrease the burden of cervical cancer among the female population of our country. Further research is required to assess the severity of the problem and consequently strategize to control it.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2168-8184</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2168-8184</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.7759/cureus.2784</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30112260</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Cureus Inc</publisher><subject>Age ; Cervical cancer ; Cross-sectional studies ; Disease ; Education ; Family/General Practice ; Females ; Health sciences ; Human papillomavirus ; Knowledge ; Marital status ; Medical screening ; Mortality ; Obstetrics/Gynecology ; Pap smear ; Public Health ; Questionnaires ; Socioeconomic factors ; University students ; Womens health</subject><ispartof>Curēus (Palo Alto, CA), 2018-06, Vol.10 (6), p.e2784-e2784</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2018, Khan et al. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2018, Khan et al. 2018 Khan et al.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6089492/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6089492/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,725,778,782,883,27907,27908,53774,53776</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30112260$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Khan, Meeshal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zafar, Amara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muneer, Ramsha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Siddiqui, Amna A</creatorcontrib><title>Awareness Regarding Pap Smear Among Female University Students of Karachi: A Cross-sectional Survey</title><title>Curēus (Palo Alto, CA)</title><addtitle>Cureus</addtitle><description>To determine the knowledge and practices regarding Papanicolaou (Pap) smear test among female university students of Karachi.
This cross-sectional study was carried out among 491 female university students of Karachi. Participants were selected by random sampling between the ages of 18 to 30 years; from different universities namely Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Jinnah Sindh Medical University (JSMU), and Institute of Business administration (IBA). Pearson chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U tests were applied as the primary statistical methods.
Out of 491 participants, three-quarters of the participants knew about the Pap smear test. However, only 1.6% had undergone the procedure. Age, socioeconomic status (SES), and medical background all had a significant relationship with the awareness of Pap smear test. One-third of the females in the study blamed lack of knowledge as the major reason for not getting a Pap smear while another third blamed the lack of recommendation by health care professionals.
According to our study, female undergraduate students of Karachi have insufficient knowledge and exposure to Pap smear, a screening test that could decrease the burden of cervical cancer among the female population of our country. Further research is required to assess the severity of the problem and consequently strategize to control it.</description><subject>Age</subject><subject>Cervical cancer</subject><subject>Cross-sectional studies</subject><subject>Disease</subject><subject>Education</subject><subject>Family/General Practice</subject><subject>Females</subject><subject>Health sciences</subject><subject>Human papillomavirus</subject><subject>Knowledge</subject><subject>Marital status</subject><subject>Medical screening</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Obstetrics/Gynecology</subject><subject>Pap smear</subject><subject>Public Health</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Socioeconomic factors</subject><subject>University students</subject><subject>Womens health</subject><issn>2168-8184</issn><issn>2168-8184</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkV1r2zAUhsVoWUPWq90PwW4KxZkkf0jeRSGEpR0LtCzrtTiRj1MV28okOyX_fjLpSlsQSEIPL8_RS8hnzmZS5uU3M3gcwkxIlX0gE8ELlSiuspNX5zNyHsIjY4wzKZhkH8lZyjgXomATYuZP4LHDEOhv3IKvbLeld7Cj6xbB03nr4n2JLTRI7zu7Rx9sf6Drfqiw6wN1Nf0FHsyD_U7ndOFdCElA01vXQUPXg9_j4RM5raEJeP68T8n98sefxU2yur3-uZivEiNK2Sd1NCwUMiFrAYxvTJbndQ2QVSItRaUEYLRmdVpsTJ4rzqssN5hKxipIJZTplFwdc3fDpsXKREEPjd5524I_aAdWv33p7IPeur0umCqzUsSAi-cA7_4OGHrd2mCwaaBDNwQtIidkLrMR_foOfXSDjzOPVClVXLmM1OWRMuPHeKxfZDjTY3_62J8e-4v0l9f-L-z_ttJ_CRuXiA</recordid><startdate>20180611</startdate><enddate>20180611</enddate><creator>Khan, Meeshal</creator><creator>Zafar, Amara</creator><creator>Muneer, Ramsha</creator><creator>Siddiqui, Amna A</creator><general>Cureus Inc</general><general>Cureus</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20180611</creationdate><title>Awareness Regarding Pap Smear Among Female University Students of Karachi: A Cross-sectional Survey</title><author>Khan, Meeshal ; Zafar, Amara ; Muneer, Ramsha ; Siddiqui, Amna A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c297t-f00168e027f2a01bc455ffaa4d2392d82ae1120f36bc55811d45ce3700da37a93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Age</topic><topic>Cervical cancer</topic><topic>Cross-sectional studies</topic><topic>Disease</topic><topic>Education</topic><topic>Family/General Practice</topic><topic>Females</topic><topic>Health sciences</topic><topic>Human papillomavirus</topic><topic>Knowledge</topic><topic>Marital status</topic><topic>Medical screening</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Obstetrics/Gynecology</topic><topic>Pap smear</topic><topic>Public Health</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Socioeconomic factors</topic><topic>University students</topic><topic>Womens health</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Khan, Meeshal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zafar, Amara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muneer, Ramsha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Siddiqui, Amna A</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Curēus (Palo Alto, CA)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Khan, Meeshal</au><au>Zafar, Amara</au><au>Muneer, Ramsha</au><au>Siddiqui, Amna A</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Awareness Regarding Pap Smear Among Female University Students of Karachi: A Cross-sectional Survey</atitle><jtitle>Curēus (Palo Alto, CA)</jtitle><addtitle>Cureus</addtitle><date>2018-06-11</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>10</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>e2784</spage><epage>e2784</epage><pages>e2784-e2784</pages><issn>2168-8184</issn><eissn>2168-8184</eissn><abstract>To determine the knowledge and practices regarding Papanicolaou (Pap) smear test among female university students of Karachi.
This cross-sectional study was carried out among 491 female university students of Karachi. Participants were selected by random sampling between the ages of 18 to 30 years; from different universities namely Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Jinnah Sindh Medical University (JSMU), and Institute of Business administration (IBA). Pearson chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U tests were applied as the primary statistical methods.
Out of 491 participants, three-quarters of the participants knew about the Pap smear test. However, only 1.6% had undergone the procedure. Age, socioeconomic status (SES), and medical background all had a significant relationship with the awareness of Pap smear test. One-third of the females in the study blamed lack of knowledge as the major reason for not getting a Pap smear while another third blamed the lack of recommendation by health care professionals.
According to our study, female undergraduate students of Karachi have insufficient knowledge and exposure to Pap smear, a screening test that could decrease the burden of cervical cancer among the female population of our country. Further research is required to assess the severity of the problem and consequently strategize to control it.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Cureus Inc</pub><pmid>30112260</pmid><doi>10.7759/cureus.2784</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Age Cervical cancer Cross-sectional studies Disease Education Family/General Practice Females Health sciences Human papillomavirus Knowledge Marital status Medical screening Mortality Obstetrics/Gynecology Pap smear Public Health Questionnaires Socioeconomic factors University students Womens health |
| title | Awareness Regarding Pap Smear Among Female University Students of Karachi: A Cross-sectional Survey |
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