Urine and toenail cadmium levels in pregnant women: A reliability study
Cadmium, as measured in human tissue, has been associated with numerous health outcomes. However, few studies have evaluated the reliability of cadmium measurements across different biologic samples. We evaluated toenail cadmium levels over time and compared toenail cadmium to urinary cadmium. We al...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environment international 2018-09, Vol.118, p.86-91 |
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| creator | White, Alexandra J. O'Brien, Katie M. Jackson, Brian P. Karagas, Margaret R. |
| description | Cadmium, as measured in human tissue, has been associated with numerous health outcomes. However, few studies have evaluated the reliability of cadmium measurements across different biologic samples. We evaluated toenail cadmium levels over time and compared toenail cadmium to urinary cadmium. We also evaluated the relationship between biomarker concentrations and cigarette smoking, a known source of cadmium exposure.
Cadmium was assessed in urine and toenail samples collected from 1338 pregnant women participating in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study. Each participant was asked to provide a urine and a toenail sample at enrollment (between 24 and 28 weeks gestation) and another toenail sample 2–8 weeks postpartum. Cadmium concentrations were determined using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Spearman correlations were assessed for cadmium in the toenails across the two-time points and comparing toenail and urine levels. Smoking status was evaluated as a predictor of cadmium levels.
Toenail cadmium assessed during pregnancy and postpartum were modestly correlated (R = 0.3, p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.envint.2018.05.030 |
| format | Article |
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Cadmium was assessed in urine and toenail samples collected from 1338 pregnant women participating in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study. Each participant was asked to provide a urine and a toenail sample at enrollment (between 24 and 28 weeks gestation) and another toenail sample 2–8 weeks postpartum. Cadmium concentrations were determined using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Spearman correlations were assessed for cadmium in the toenails across the two-time points and comparing toenail and urine levels. Smoking status was evaluated as a predictor of cadmium levels.
Toenail cadmium assessed during pregnancy and postpartum were modestly correlated (R = 0.3, p < 0.0001). However, urine and toenail cadmium levels were unrelated (R = −0.03, p = 0.46). Both toenail and urinary cadmium levels were associated with women's smoking status.
Our findings suggest that both toenail and urinary cadmium concentrations reflect the major source of exposure – cigarette smoking. Toenail cadmium concentrations are modestly reproducible pre- and postpartum; but do not appear to be related to urinary cadmium and thus likely represent different windows and chronicity of exposure among pregnant women.
•Cadmium is a toxic metal that has been associated with several health outcomes.•Cadmium can be measured in the toenails, which are easily collected and stored.•Toenail cadmium assessed during pregnancy and postpartum were modestly correlated.•Toenail and urinary cadmium were not correlated.•Toenail and urine cadmium may represent different windows or chronicity of exposure.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0160-4120</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-6750</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.05.030</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29857281</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Biomarker ; Biomarkers - urine ; Cadmium ; Cadmium - urine ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Nails - chemistry ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy - urine ; Reliability ; Reproducibility of Results ; Smoking - urine ; Toenail ; Urine</subject><ispartof>Environment international, 2018-09, Vol.118, p.86-91</ispartof><rights>2018</rights><rights>Published by Elsevier Ltd.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c463t-4ad4e5059643f6dbbff9e30cef58572ff777ef6298c3faff58b58061f795f5b53</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c463t-4ad4e5059643f6dbbff9e30cef58572ff777ef6298c3faff58b58061f795f5b53</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2018.05.030$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29857281$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>White, Alexandra J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>O'Brien, Katie M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jackson, Brian P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karagas, Margaret R.</creatorcontrib><title>Urine and toenail cadmium levels in pregnant women: A reliability study</title><title>Environment international</title><addtitle>Environ Int</addtitle><description>Cadmium, as measured in human tissue, has been associated with numerous health outcomes. However, few studies have evaluated the reliability of cadmium measurements across different biologic samples. We evaluated toenail cadmium levels over time and compared toenail cadmium to urinary cadmium. We also evaluated the relationship between biomarker concentrations and cigarette smoking, a known source of cadmium exposure.
Cadmium was assessed in urine and toenail samples collected from 1338 pregnant women participating in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study. Each participant was asked to provide a urine and a toenail sample at enrollment (between 24 and 28 weeks gestation) and another toenail sample 2–8 weeks postpartum. Cadmium concentrations were determined using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Spearman correlations were assessed for cadmium in the toenails across the two-time points and comparing toenail and urine levels. Smoking status was evaluated as a predictor of cadmium levels.
Toenail cadmium assessed during pregnancy and postpartum were modestly correlated (R = 0.3, p < 0.0001). However, urine and toenail cadmium levels were unrelated (R = −0.03, p = 0.46). Both toenail and urinary cadmium levels were associated with women's smoking status.
Our findings suggest that both toenail and urinary cadmium concentrations reflect the major source of exposure – cigarette smoking. Toenail cadmium concentrations are modestly reproducible pre- and postpartum; but do not appear to be related to urinary cadmium and thus likely represent different windows and chronicity of exposure among pregnant women.
•Cadmium is a toxic metal that has been associated with several health outcomes.•Cadmium can be measured in the toenails, which are easily collected and stored.•Toenail cadmium assessed during pregnancy and postpartum were modestly correlated.•Toenail and urinary cadmium were not correlated.•Toenail and urine cadmium may represent different windows or chronicity of exposure.</description><subject>Biomarker</subject><subject>Biomarkers - urine</subject><subject>Cadmium</subject><subject>Cadmium - urine</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Nails - chemistry</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Pregnancy - urine</subject><subject>Reliability</subject><subject>Reproducibility of Results</subject><subject>Smoking - urine</subject><subject>Toenail</subject><subject>Urine</subject><issn>0160-4120</issn><issn>1873-6750</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kN1KwzAUx4Mobk7fQCQv0HrSJm3nhTCGTmHgjbsOaXoyM9p0JF1lb2_H_Lzx6sA55__Bj5BrBjEDlt1uYnS9dV2cACtiEDGkcELGrMjTKMsFnJLx8AYRZwmMyEUIGwBIeCHOySiZFiJPCjYmi5W3DqlyFe1adMrWVKuqsbuG1thjHah1dOtx7ZTr6HvboLujM-qxtqq0te32NHS7an9JzoyqA159zglZPT68zp-i5cvieT5bRppnaRdxVXEUIKYZT01WlaUxU0xBoxGHRsbkeY4mG_rp1CgzbEtRQMZMPhVGlCKdkPuj73ZXNlhpdJ1Xtdx62yi_l62y8u_F2Te5bnuZARdcsMGAHw20b0PwaL61DOQBrNzII1h5ACtByAHsILv5nfst-iL5U2xghr1FL4O26DRW1qPuZNXa_xM-ALjEjgw</recordid><startdate>20180901</startdate><enddate>20180901</enddate><creator>White, Alexandra J.</creator><creator>O'Brien, Katie M.</creator><creator>Jackson, Brian P.</creator><creator>Karagas, Margaret R.</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20180901</creationdate><title>Urine and toenail cadmium levels in pregnant women: A reliability study</title><author>White, Alexandra J. ; O'Brien, Katie M. ; Jackson, Brian P. ; Karagas, Margaret R.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c463t-4ad4e5059643f6dbbff9e30cef58572ff777ef6298c3faff58b58061f795f5b53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Biomarker</topic><topic>Biomarkers - urine</topic><topic>Cadmium</topic><topic>Cadmium - urine</topic><topic>Cohort Studies</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Nails - chemistry</topic><topic>Pregnancy</topic><topic>Pregnancy - urine</topic><topic>Reliability</topic><topic>Reproducibility of Results</topic><topic>Smoking - urine</topic><topic>Toenail</topic><topic>Urine</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>White, Alexandra J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>O'Brien, Katie M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jackson, Brian P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karagas, Margaret R.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Environment international</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>White, Alexandra J.</au><au>O'Brien, Katie M.</au><au>Jackson, Brian P.</au><au>Karagas, Margaret R.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Urine and toenail cadmium levels in pregnant women: A reliability study</atitle><jtitle>Environment international</jtitle><addtitle>Environ Int</addtitle><date>2018-09-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>118</volume><spage>86</spage><epage>91</epage><pages>86-91</pages><issn>0160-4120</issn><eissn>1873-6750</eissn><abstract>Cadmium, as measured in human tissue, has been associated with numerous health outcomes. However, few studies have evaluated the reliability of cadmium measurements across different biologic samples. We evaluated toenail cadmium levels over time and compared toenail cadmium to urinary cadmium. We also evaluated the relationship between biomarker concentrations and cigarette smoking, a known source of cadmium exposure.
Cadmium was assessed in urine and toenail samples collected from 1338 pregnant women participating in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study. Each participant was asked to provide a urine and a toenail sample at enrollment (between 24 and 28 weeks gestation) and another toenail sample 2–8 weeks postpartum. Cadmium concentrations were determined using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Spearman correlations were assessed for cadmium in the toenails across the two-time points and comparing toenail and urine levels. Smoking status was evaluated as a predictor of cadmium levels.
Toenail cadmium assessed during pregnancy and postpartum were modestly correlated (R = 0.3, p < 0.0001). However, urine and toenail cadmium levels were unrelated (R = −0.03, p = 0.46). Both toenail and urinary cadmium levels were associated with women's smoking status.
Our findings suggest that both toenail and urinary cadmium concentrations reflect the major source of exposure – cigarette smoking. Toenail cadmium concentrations are modestly reproducible pre- and postpartum; but do not appear to be related to urinary cadmium and thus likely represent different windows and chronicity of exposure among pregnant women.
•Cadmium is a toxic metal that has been associated with several health outcomes.•Cadmium can be measured in the toenails, which are easily collected and stored.•Toenail cadmium assessed during pregnancy and postpartum were modestly correlated.•Toenail and urinary cadmium were not correlated.•Toenail and urine cadmium may represent different windows or chronicity of exposure.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>29857281</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.envint.2018.05.030</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Biomarker Biomarkers - urine Cadmium Cadmium - urine Cohort Studies Female Humans Nails - chemistry Pregnancy Pregnancy - urine Reliability Reproducibility of Results Smoking - urine Toenail Urine |
| title | Urine and toenail cadmium levels in pregnant women: A reliability study |
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