A Systematic Review of Attention Biases in Opioid, Cannabis, Stimulant Use Disorders

: Opiates, cannabis, and amphetamines are highly abused, and use of these substances are prevalent disorders. Psychological interventions are crucial given that they help individuals maintain abstinence following a lapse or relapse into substance use. Advances in experimental psychology have suggest...

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Veröffentlicht in:International journal of environmental research and public health 2018-06, Vol.15 (6), p.1138
Hauptverfasser: Zhang, Melvyn, Ying, Jiangbo, Wing, Tracey, Song, Guo, Fung, Daniel S S, Smith, Helen
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container_issue 6
container_start_page 1138
container_title International journal of environmental research and public health
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creator Zhang, Melvyn
Ying, Jiangbo
Wing, Tracey
Song, Guo
Fung, Daniel S S
Smith, Helen
description : Opiates, cannabis, and amphetamines are highly abused, and use of these substances are prevalent disorders. Psychological interventions are crucial given that they help individuals maintain abstinence following a lapse or relapse into substance use. Advances in experimental psychology have suggested that automatic attention biases might be responsible for relapse. Prior reviews have provided evidence for the presence of these biases in addictive disorders and the effectiveness of bias modification. However, the prior studies are limited, as they failed to include trials involving participants with these prevalent addictive disorders or have failed to adopt a systematic approach in evidence synthesis. : The primary aim of this current systematic review is to synthesise the current evidence for attention biases amongst opioid use, cannabis use, and stimulant use disorders. The secondary aim is to determine the efficacy of attention bias modification interventions and other addictions related outcomes. : A search was conducted from November 2017 to January 2018 on PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Science Direct, Cochrane Central, and Scopus. The selection process of the articles was in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. A qualitative synthesis was undertaken. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. : Six randomised trials were identified. The evidence synthesized from these trials have provided strong evidence that attentional biases are present in opioid and stimulant use disorders. Evidence synthesis for other secondary outcome measures could not be performed given the heterogeneity in the measures reported and the limited number of trials. The risk of bias assessment for the included trials revealed a high risk of selection and attrition bias. : This review demonstrates the potential need for interventions targeting attention biases in opiate and cocaine use disorders.
doi_str_mv 10.3390/ijerph15061138
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subjects Addictions
Alcohol
Amphetamines
Analgesics, Opioid
Attentional Bias
Behavior modification
Bias
Cannabis
Central Nervous System Stimulants
Cocaine
Cocaine-Related Disorders
Drug abuse
Drug addiction
Drug use
Heterogeneity
Humans
Literature reviews
Marijuana
Mental health
Narcotics
Opioids
Psychiatry
Qualitative analysis
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Review
Reviews
Risk assessment
Substance use
Systematic review
title A Systematic Review of Attention Biases in Opioid, Cannabis, Stimulant Use Disorders
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