The contribution of cattle urine and dung to nitrous oxide emissions: Quantification of country specific emission factors and implications for national inventories
Urine patches and dung pats from grazing livestock create hotspots for production and emission of the greenhouse gas, nitrous oxide (N2O), and represent a large proportion of total N2O emissions in many national agricultural greenhouse gas inventories. As such, there is much interest in developing c...
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| creator | Chadwick, D.R. Cardenas, L.M. Dhanoa, M.S. Donovan, N. Misselbrook, T. Williams, J.R. Thorman, R.E. McGeough, K.L. Watson, C.J. Bell, M. Anthony, S.G. Rees, R.M. |
| description | Urine patches and dung pats from grazing livestock create hotspots for production and emission of the greenhouse gas, nitrous oxide (N2O), and represent a large proportion of total N2O emissions in many national agricultural greenhouse gas inventories. As such, there is much interest in developing country specific N2O emission factors (EFs) for excretal nitrogen (EF3, pasture, range and paddock) deposited during gazing. The aims of this study were to generate separate N2O emissions data for cattle derived urine and dung, to provide an evidence base for the generation of a country specific EF for the UK from this nitrogen source. The experiments were also designed to determine the effects of site and timing of application on emissions, and the efficacy of the nitrification inhibitor, dicyandiamide (DCD) on N2O losses. This co-ordinated set of 15 plot-scale, year-long field experiments using static chambers was conducted at five grassland sites, typical of the soil and climatic zones of grazed grassland in the UK. We show that the average urine and dung N2O EFs were 0.69% and 0.19%, respectively, resulting in a combined excretal N2O EF (EF3), of 0.49%, which is |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.152 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_6024564</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S004896971831324X</els_id><sourcerecordid>2220842961</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c508t-7b372ceea36e77b1272c3b46b99ac698eb40777938310fcc123310d15f4cff963</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkd9uFCEUxonR2LX6CsqlNzPyZxYGL0yapq0mTYxJvSYMc2jZzMIKzMY-jy9atrvd2KtyA-R83-_A-RD6RElLCRVfVm22vsQCYdsyQvuWdC1dsldoQXupGkqYeI0WhHR9o4SSJ-hdzitSl-zpW3TClJCq53yB_t3cAbYxlOSHufgYcHTYmlImwHPyAbAJIx7ncItLxMGXFOeM418_Aoa1z7la8lf8azaheOer84kR5wq9x3kDdlc4qrEztsSUH8F-vZkOpoxdTDg8ns2EfdhCqDoP-T1648yU4cNhP0W_Ly9uzr831z-vfpyfXTd2SfrSyIFLZgEMFyDlQFm98aETg1LGCtXD0BEppeI9p8RZSxmvh5EuXWedU4Kfom977mYe1jDa2j-ZSW-SX5t0r6Px-nkl-Dt9G7daENYtRVcBnw-AFP_MkIuuf7YwTSZAHZtmjJG-q8OnVSr3UptizgncsQ0lehexXuljxHoXsSadrhFX58f_X3n0PWVaBWd7AdRZbT2kHQiChdEnsEWP0b_Y5AE5OcMI</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2220842961</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>The contribution of cattle urine and dung to nitrous oxide emissions: Quantification of country specific emission factors and implications for national inventories</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals</source><creator>Chadwick, D.R. ; Cardenas, L.M. ; Dhanoa, M.S. ; Donovan, N. ; Misselbrook, T. ; Williams, J.R. ; Thorman, R.E. ; McGeough, K.L. ; Watson, C.J. ; Bell, M. ; Anthony, S.G. ; Rees, R.M.</creator><creatorcontrib>Chadwick, D.R. ; Cardenas, L.M. ; Dhanoa, M.S. ; Donovan, N. ; Misselbrook, T. ; Williams, J.R. ; Thorman, R.E. ; McGeough, K.L. ; Watson, C.J. ; Bell, M. ; Anthony, S.G. ; Rees, R.M.</creatorcontrib><description>Urine patches and dung pats from grazing livestock create hotspots for production and emission of the greenhouse gas, nitrous oxide (N2O), and represent a large proportion of total N2O emissions in many national agricultural greenhouse gas inventories. As such, there is much interest in developing country specific N2O emission factors (EFs) for excretal nitrogen (EF3, pasture, range and paddock) deposited during gazing. The aims of this study were to generate separate N2O emissions data for cattle derived urine and dung, to provide an evidence base for the generation of a country specific EF for the UK from this nitrogen source. The experiments were also designed to determine the effects of site and timing of application on emissions, and the efficacy of the nitrification inhibitor, dicyandiamide (DCD) on N2O losses. This co-ordinated set of 15 plot-scale, year-long field experiments using static chambers was conducted at five grassland sites, typical of the soil and climatic zones of grazed grassland in the UK. We show that the average urine and dung N2O EFs were 0.69% and 0.19%, respectively, resulting in a combined excretal N2O EF (EF3), of 0.49%, which is <25% of the IPCC default EF3 for excretal returns from grazing cattle. Regression analysis suggests that urine N2O EFs were controlled more by composition than was the case for dung, whilst dung N2O EFs were more related to soil and environmental factors. The urine N2O EF was significantly greater from the site in SW England, and significantly greater from the early grazing season urine application than later applications. Dycandiamide reduced the N2O EF from urine patches by an average of 46%. The significantly lower excretal EF3 than the IPCC default has implications for the UK's national inventory and for subsequent carbon footprinting of UK ruminant livestock products.
[Display omitted]
•First co-ordinated experiments in UK to generate data for country specific grazing excretal N2O EF•Urine had a significantly greater average N2O EF (0.69%) than dung (0.19%).•The combined excretal N2O EF was 0.49%, <25% of the IPCC default value for cattle.•DCD reduced the N2O EF from urine patches by an average of 46%.•Urine N2O was controlled by its composition, dung N2O was related to soil and environmental factors.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0048-9697</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-1026</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.152</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29679833</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Agriculture ; Air Pollutants - analysis ; Air Pollution - statistics & numerical data ; Animals ; carbon footprint ; Cattle ; climatic zones ; developing countries ; Dicyandiamide ; Dung pat ; emissions factor ; England ; environmental factors ; Environmental Monitoring ; feces ; field experimentation ; Grassland ; grasslands ; grazing ; Greenhouse gas ; greenhouse gas emissions ; greenhouse gases ; Guanidines ; inventories ; Inventory ; Livestock ; livestock products ; Nitrification inhibitor ; nitrification inhibitors ; nitrogen ; Nitrous oxide ; Nitrous Oxide - analysis ; nitrous oxide production ; pastures ; regression analysis ; Soil ; urine ; Urine - chemistry ; Urine patch</subject><ispartof>The Science of the total environment, 2018-09, Vol.635, p.607-617</ispartof><rights>2018 The Authors</rights><rights>Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>2018 The Authors 2018</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c508t-7b372ceea36e77b1272c3b46b99ac698eb40777938310fcc123310d15f4cff963</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c508t-7b372ceea36e77b1272c3b46b99ac698eb40777938310fcc123310d15f4cff963</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004896971831324X$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29679833$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Chadwick, D.R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cardenas, L.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dhanoa, M.S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Donovan, N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Misselbrook, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Williams, J.R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thorman, R.E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McGeough, K.L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Watson, C.J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bell, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anthony, S.G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rees, R.M.</creatorcontrib><title>The contribution of cattle urine and dung to nitrous oxide emissions: Quantification of country specific emission factors and implications for national inventories</title><title>The Science of the total environment</title><addtitle>Sci Total Environ</addtitle><description>Urine patches and dung pats from grazing livestock create hotspots for production and emission of the greenhouse gas, nitrous oxide (N2O), and represent a large proportion of total N2O emissions in many national agricultural greenhouse gas inventories. As such, there is much interest in developing country specific N2O emission factors (EFs) for excretal nitrogen (EF3, pasture, range and paddock) deposited during gazing. The aims of this study were to generate separate N2O emissions data for cattle derived urine and dung, to provide an evidence base for the generation of a country specific EF for the UK from this nitrogen source. The experiments were also designed to determine the effects of site and timing of application on emissions, and the efficacy of the nitrification inhibitor, dicyandiamide (DCD) on N2O losses. This co-ordinated set of 15 plot-scale, year-long field experiments using static chambers was conducted at five grassland sites, typical of the soil and climatic zones of grazed grassland in the UK. We show that the average urine and dung N2O EFs were 0.69% and 0.19%, respectively, resulting in a combined excretal N2O EF (EF3), of 0.49%, which is <25% of the IPCC default EF3 for excretal returns from grazing cattle. Regression analysis suggests that urine N2O EFs were controlled more by composition than was the case for dung, whilst dung N2O EFs were more related to soil and environmental factors. The urine N2O EF was significantly greater from the site in SW England, and significantly greater from the early grazing season urine application than later applications. Dycandiamide reduced the N2O EF from urine patches by an average of 46%. The significantly lower excretal EF3 than the IPCC default has implications for the UK's national inventory and for subsequent carbon footprinting of UK ruminant livestock products.
[Display omitted]
•First co-ordinated experiments in UK to generate data for country specific grazing excretal N2O EF•Urine had a significantly greater average N2O EF (0.69%) than dung (0.19%).•The combined excretal N2O EF was 0.49%, <25% of the IPCC default value for cattle.•DCD reduced the N2O EF from urine patches by an average of 46%.•Urine N2O was controlled by its composition, dung N2O was related to soil and environmental factors.</description><subject>Agriculture</subject><subject>Air Pollutants - analysis</subject><subject>Air Pollution - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>carbon footprint</subject><subject>Cattle</subject><subject>climatic zones</subject><subject>developing countries</subject><subject>Dicyandiamide</subject><subject>Dung pat</subject><subject>emissions factor</subject><subject>England</subject><subject>environmental factors</subject><subject>Environmental Monitoring</subject><subject>feces</subject><subject>field experimentation</subject><subject>Grassland</subject><subject>grasslands</subject><subject>grazing</subject><subject>Greenhouse gas</subject><subject>greenhouse gas emissions</subject><subject>greenhouse gases</subject><subject>Guanidines</subject><subject>inventories</subject><subject>Inventory</subject><subject>Livestock</subject><subject>livestock products</subject><subject>Nitrification inhibitor</subject><subject>nitrification inhibitors</subject><subject>nitrogen</subject><subject>Nitrous oxide</subject><subject>Nitrous Oxide - analysis</subject><subject>nitrous oxide production</subject><subject>pastures</subject><subject>regression analysis</subject><subject>Soil</subject><subject>urine</subject><subject>Urine - chemistry</subject><subject>Urine patch</subject><issn>0048-9697</issn><issn>1879-1026</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkd9uFCEUxonR2LX6CsqlNzPyZxYGL0yapq0mTYxJvSYMc2jZzMIKzMY-jy9atrvd2KtyA-R83-_A-RD6RElLCRVfVm22vsQCYdsyQvuWdC1dsldoQXupGkqYeI0WhHR9o4SSJ-hdzitSl-zpW3TClJCq53yB_t3cAbYxlOSHufgYcHTYmlImwHPyAbAJIx7ncItLxMGXFOeM418_Aoa1z7la8lf8azaheOer84kR5wq9x3kDdlc4qrEztsSUH8F-vZkOpoxdTDg8ns2EfdhCqDoP-T1648yU4cNhP0W_Ly9uzr831z-vfpyfXTd2SfrSyIFLZgEMFyDlQFm98aETg1LGCtXD0BEppeI9p8RZSxmvh5EuXWedU4Kfom977mYe1jDa2j-ZSW-SX5t0r6Px-nkl-Dt9G7daENYtRVcBnw-AFP_MkIuuf7YwTSZAHZtmjJG-q8OnVSr3UptizgncsQ0lehexXuljxHoXsSadrhFX58f_X3n0PWVaBWd7AdRZbT2kHQiChdEnsEWP0b_Y5AE5OcMI</recordid><startdate>20180901</startdate><enddate>20180901</enddate><creator>Chadwick, D.R.</creator><creator>Cardenas, L.M.</creator><creator>Dhanoa, M.S.</creator><creator>Donovan, N.</creator><creator>Misselbrook, T.</creator><creator>Williams, J.R.</creator><creator>Thorman, R.E.</creator><creator>McGeough, K.L.</creator><creator>Watson, C.J.</creator><creator>Bell, M.</creator><creator>Anthony, S.G.</creator><creator>Rees, R.M.</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7S9</scope><scope>L.6</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20180901</creationdate><title>The contribution of cattle urine and dung to nitrous oxide emissions: Quantification of country specific emission factors and implications for national inventories</title><author>Chadwick, D.R. ; Cardenas, L.M. ; Dhanoa, M.S. ; Donovan, N. ; Misselbrook, T. ; Williams, J.R. ; Thorman, R.E. ; McGeough, K.L. ; Watson, C.J. ; Bell, M. ; Anthony, S.G. ; Rees, R.M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c508t-7b372ceea36e77b1272c3b46b99ac698eb40777938310fcc123310d15f4cff963</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Agriculture</topic><topic>Air Pollutants - analysis</topic><topic>Air Pollution - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>carbon footprint</topic><topic>Cattle</topic><topic>climatic zones</topic><topic>developing countries</topic><topic>Dicyandiamide</topic><topic>Dung pat</topic><topic>emissions factor</topic><topic>England</topic><topic>environmental factors</topic><topic>Environmental Monitoring</topic><topic>feces</topic><topic>field experimentation</topic><topic>Grassland</topic><topic>grasslands</topic><topic>grazing</topic><topic>Greenhouse gas</topic><topic>greenhouse gas emissions</topic><topic>greenhouse gases</topic><topic>Guanidines</topic><topic>inventories</topic><topic>Inventory</topic><topic>Livestock</topic><topic>livestock products</topic><topic>Nitrification inhibitor</topic><topic>nitrification inhibitors</topic><topic>nitrogen</topic><topic>Nitrous oxide</topic><topic>Nitrous Oxide - analysis</topic><topic>nitrous oxide production</topic><topic>pastures</topic><topic>regression analysis</topic><topic>Soil</topic><topic>urine</topic><topic>Urine - chemistry</topic><topic>Urine patch</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Chadwick, D.R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cardenas, L.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dhanoa, M.S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Donovan, N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Misselbrook, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Williams, J.R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thorman, R.E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McGeough, K.L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Watson, C.J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bell, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anthony, S.G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rees, R.M.</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>AGRICOLA</collection><collection>AGRICOLA - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>The Science of the total environment</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Chadwick, D.R.</au><au>Cardenas, L.M.</au><au>Dhanoa, M.S.</au><au>Donovan, N.</au><au>Misselbrook, T.</au><au>Williams, J.R.</au><au>Thorman, R.E.</au><au>McGeough, K.L.</au><au>Watson, C.J.</au><au>Bell, M.</au><au>Anthony, S.G.</au><au>Rees, R.M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The contribution of cattle urine and dung to nitrous oxide emissions: Quantification of country specific emission factors and implications for national inventories</atitle><jtitle>The Science of the total environment</jtitle><addtitle>Sci Total Environ</addtitle><date>2018-09-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>635</volume><spage>607</spage><epage>617</epage><pages>607-617</pages><issn>0048-9697</issn><eissn>1879-1026</eissn><abstract>Urine patches and dung pats from grazing livestock create hotspots for production and emission of the greenhouse gas, nitrous oxide (N2O), and represent a large proportion of total N2O emissions in many national agricultural greenhouse gas inventories. As such, there is much interest in developing country specific N2O emission factors (EFs) for excretal nitrogen (EF3, pasture, range and paddock) deposited during gazing. The aims of this study were to generate separate N2O emissions data for cattle derived urine and dung, to provide an evidence base for the generation of a country specific EF for the UK from this nitrogen source. The experiments were also designed to determine the effects of site and timing of application on emissions, and the efficacy of the nitrification inhibitor, dicyandiamide (DCD) on N2O losses. This co-ordinated set of 15 plot-scale, year-long field experiments using static chambers was conducted at five grassland sites, typical of the soil and climatic zones of grazed grassland in the UK. We show that the average urine and dung N2O EFs were 0.69% and 0.19%, respectively, resulting in a combined excretal N2O EF (EF3), of 0.49%, which is <25% of the IPCC default EF3 for excretal returns from grazing cattle. Regression analysis suggests that urine N2O EFs were controlled more by composition than was the case for dung, whilst dung N2O EFs were more related to soil and environmental factors. The urine N2O EF was significantly greater from the site in SW England, and significantly greater from the early grazing season urine application than later applications. Dycandiamide reduced the N2O EF from urine patches by an average of 46%. The significantly lower excretal EF3 than the IPCC default has implications for the UK's national inventory and for subsequent carbon footprinting of UK ruminant livestock products.
[Display omitted]
•First co-ordinated experiments in UK to generate data for country specific grazing excretal N2O EF•Urine had a significantly greater average N2O EF (0.69%) than dung (0.19%).•The combined excretal N2O EF was 0.49%, <25% of the IPCC default value for cattle.•DCD reduced the N2O EF from urine patches by an average of 46%.•Urine N2O was controlled by its composition, dung N2O was related to soil and environmental factors.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>29679833</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.152</doi><tpages>11</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Agriculture Air Pollutants - analysis Air Pollution - statistics & numerical data Animals carbon footprint Cattle climatic zones developing countries Dicyandiamide Dung pat emissions factor England environmental factors Environmental Monitoring feces field experimentation Grassland grasslands grazing Greenhouse gas greenhouse gas emissions greenhouse gases Guanidines inventories Inventory Livestock livestock products Nitrification inhibitor nitrification inhibitors nitrogen Nitrous oxide Nitrous Oxide - analysis nitrous oxide production pastures regression analysis Soil urine Urine - chemistry Urine patch |
| title | The contribution of cattle urine and dung to nitrous oxide emissions: Quantification of country specific emission factors and implications for national inventories |
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