The Rules and Functions of Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling Proteins
Biological macromolecules are the basis of life activities. There is a separation of spatial dimension between DNA replication and RNA biogenesis, and protein synthesis, which is an interesting phenomenon. The former occurs in the cell nucleus, while the latter in the cytoplasm. The separation requi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of molecular sciences 2018-05, Vol.19 (5), p.1445 |
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| container_title | International journal of molecular sciences |
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| creator | Fu, Xuekun Liang, Chao Li, Fangfei Wang, Luyao Wu, Xiaoqiu Lu, Aiping Xiao, Guozhi Zhang, Ge |
| description | Biological macromolecules are the basis of life activities. There is a separation of spatial dimension between DNA replication and RNA biogenesis, and protein synthesis, which is an interesting phenomenon. The former occurs in the cell nucleus, while the latter in the cytoplasm. The separation requires protein to transport across the nuclear envelope to realize a variety of biological functions. Nucleocytoplasmic transport of protein including import to the nucleus and export to the cytoplasm is a complicated process that requires involvement and interaction of many proteins. In recent years, many studies have found that proteins constantly shuttle between the cytoplasm and the nucleus. These shuttling proteins play a crucial role as transport carriers and signal transduction regulators within cells. In this review, we describe the mechanism of nucleocytoplasmic transport of shuttling proteins and summarize some important diseases related shuttling proteins. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ijms19051445 |
| format | Article |
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There is a separation of spatial dimension between DNA replication and RNA biogenesis, and protein synthesis, which is an interesting phenomenon. The former occurs in the cell nucleus, while the latter in the cytoplasm. The separation requires protein to transport across the nuclear envelope to realize a variety of biological functions. Nucleocytoplasmic transport of protein including import to the nucleus and export to the cytoplasm is a complicated process that requires involvement and interaction of many proteins. In recent years, many studies have found that proteins constantly shuttle between the cytoplasm and the nucleus. These shuttling proteins play a crucial role as transport carriers and signal transduction regulators within cells. 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There is a separation of spatial dimension between DNA replication and RNA biogenesis, and protein synthesis, which is an interesting phenomenon. The former occurs in the cell nucleus, while the latter in the cytoplasm. The separation requires protein to transport across the nuclear envelope to realize a variety of biological functions. Nucleocytoplasmic transport of protein including import to the nucleus and export to the cytoplasm is a complicated process that requires involvement and interaction of many proteins. In recent years, many studies have found that proteins constantly shuttle between the cytoplasm and the nucleus. These shuttling proteins play a crucial role as transport carriers and signal transduction regulators within cells. In this review, we describe the mechanism of nucleocytoplasmic transport of shuttling proteins and summarize some important diseases related shuttling proteins.</description><subject>Active Transport, Cell Nucleus</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Cytoplasm</subject><subject>Deoxyribonucleic acid</subject><subject>Disease Susceptibility</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>DNA biosynthesis</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Intracellular Space - metabolism</subject><subject>Macromolecules</subject><subject>Nuclei (cytology)</subject><subject>Protein biosynthesis</subject><subject>Protein synthesis</subject><subject>Protein Transport</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Regulators</subject><subject>Review</subject><subject>Separation</subject><subject>Signal transduction</subject><subject>Transcription</subject><subject>Transduction</subject><issn>1422-0067</issn><issn>1661-6596</issn><issn>1422-0067</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkc1LAzEQxYMotlZvnmXBiwdXs_nYbC6KFKtCUdF6Dtls2qZkk7rJCv3vXWkt1dMMzI838-YBcJrBK4w5vDaLOmQc0owQugf6GUEohTBn-zt9DxyFsIAQYUT5IeghzihDGe2D28lcJ2-t1SGRrkpGrVPReBcSP02eW2W1V6vol1aG2qjkfd7GaI2bJa-Nj9q4cAwOptIGfbKpA_Axup8MH9Pxy8PT8G6cKpKhmFa8QLjMc5xBzQmFnBPEMcohzWGhCUeqKAllHJUYS8ggpIWijHGKtFJTXOEBuFnrLtuy1pXSLjbSimVjatmshJdG_J04Mxcz_yUoLzDrdg3AxUag8Z-tDlHUJihtrXTat0EgiAvWvYrRDj3_hy5827jOXkfRnFDMCtxRl2tKNT6ERk-3x2RQ_CQjdpPp8LNdA1v4Nwr8DQFxiDE</recordid><startdate>20180512</startdate><enddate>20180512</enddate><creator>Fu, Xuekun</creator><creator>Liang, Chao</creator><creator>Li, Fangfei</creator><creator>Wang, Luyao</creator><creator>Wu, Xiaoqiu</creator><creator>Lu, Aiping</creator><creator>Xiao, Guozhi</creator><creator>Zhang, Ge</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7807-7695</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20180512</creationdate><title>The Rules and Functions of Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling Proteins</title><author>Fu, Xuekun ; Liang, Chao ; Li, Fangfei ; Wang, Luyao ; Wu, Xiaoqiu ; Lu, Aiping ; Xiao, Guozhi ; Zhang, Ge</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c412t-d9823b66310e94509942932605608e492c8b45792b33a070058c577952eccf3d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Active Transport, Cell Nucleus</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Cytoplasm</topic><topic>Deoxyribonucleic acid</topic><topic>Disease Susceptibility</topic><topic>DNA</topic><topic>DNA biosynthesis</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Intracellular Space - metabolism</topic><topic>Macromolecules</topic><topic>Nuclei (cytology)</topic><topic>Protein biosynthesis</topic><topic>Protein synthesis</topic><topic>Protein Transport</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Regulators</topic><topic>Review</topic><topic>Separation</topic><topic>Signal transduction</topic><topic>Transcription</topic><topic>Transduction</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Fu, Xuekun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liang, Chao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Fangfei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Luyao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Xiaoqiu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Aiping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xiao, Guozhi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Ge</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>International journal of molecular sciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Fu, Xuekun</au><au>Liang, Chao</au><au>Li, Fangfei</au><au>Wang, Luyao</au><au>Wu, Xiaoqiu</au><au>Lu, Aiping</au><au>Xiao, Guozhi</au><au>Zhang, Ge</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The Rules and Functions of Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling Proteins</atitle><jtitle>International journal of molecular sciences</jtitle><addtitle>Int J Mol Sci</addtitle><date>2018-05-12</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>19</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>1445</spage><pages>1445-</pages><issn>1422-0067</issn><issn>1661-6596</issn><eissn>1422-0067</eissn><abstract>Biological macromolecules are the basis of life activities. 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| source | MEDLINE; MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Active Transport, Cell Nucleus Animals Cytoplasm Deoxyribonucleic acid Disease Susceptibility DNA DNA biosynthesis Humans Intracellular Space - metabolism Macromolecules Nuclei (cytology) Protein biosynthesis Protein synthesis Protein Transport Proteins Regulators Review Separation Signal transduction Transcription Transduction |
| title | The Rules and Functions of Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling Proteins |
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