Impact of Medical Marijuana Laws on State-Level Marijuana Use by Age and Gender, 2004–2013
In states that have passed medical marijuana laws (MMLs), marijuana use (MU) increased after MML enactment among people ages 26 and older, but not among ages 12–25. We examined whether the age-specific impact of MMLs on MU varied by gender. Data were obtained from the 2004–2013 restricted-use Nation...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Prevention science 2019-02, Vol.20 (2), p.205-214 |
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| creator | Mauro, Christine M. Newswanger, Paul Santaella-Tenorio, Julian Mauro, Pia M. Carliner, Hannah Martins, Silvia S. |
| description | In states that have passed medical marijuana laws (MMLs), marijuana use (MU) increased after MML enactment among people ages 26 and older, but not among ages 12–25. We examined whether the age-specific impact of MMLs on MU varied by gender. Data were obtained from the 2004–2013 restricted-use National Survey on Drug Use and Health, aggregated at the state level. The exposure was a time-varying indicator of state-level MML (0 = No Law, 1 = Before Law, 2 = After Law). Outcomes included past-month MU prevalence, daily MU prevalence among past-year users (i.e., 300+ days/year), and past-year marijuana use disorder (MUD) prevalence. Linear models tested the state-level MML effect on outcomes by age (12–17, 18–25, 26+) and gender. Models included a state-level random intercept and controlled for time- and state-level covariates. Past-month MU did not increase after enactment of MML in men or women ages 12–25. Among people 26+, past-month MU increased for men from 7.0% before to 8.7% after enactment (+ 1.7%,
p
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| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11121-017-0848-3 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_5934322</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2190328586</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c540t-4e92cb54dd03c32c70431e3f6fbca7de82c467b8c2d4d2c1d7d503143ea0937a3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kc9u1DAQxi1ERcvCA3BBlrhwwGX8J3Z8QaqqUipt1QP0hmQ59mTJKpssdlLUW9-BN-RJcLWlLUicZqTvm288_hHyisMhBzDvM-dccAbcMKhVzeQTcsArI5nWtnpaellbpmyt98nznNcAXFcSnpF9YTlIMPqAfD3bbH2Y6NjSc4xd8D0996lbz37wdOl_ZDoO9PPkJ2RLvMLH6mVG2lzToxVSP0R6ikPE9I4KAPXr5qcALl-Qvdb3GV_e1QW5_Hjy5fgTW16cnh0fLVmoFExMoRWhqVSMIIMUwYCSHGWr2yZ4E7EWQWnT1EFEFUXg0cQKJFcSPVhpvFyQD7vc7dxsMAYcpuR7t03dxqdrN_rO_a0M3Te3Gq9cZaWSQpSAt3cBafw-Y57cpssB-94POM7ZcavLh2lddi7Im3-s63FOQznPCW5BirqqdXHxnSukMeeE7f1jOLhbdm7HzhV27padk2Xm9eMr7if-wCoGsTPkIg0rTA-r_5_6G2ChosI</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2190328586</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Impact of Medical Marijuana Laws on State-Level Marijuana Use by Age and Gender, 2004–2013</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>PAIS Index</source><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Mauro, Christine M. ; Newswanger, Paul ; Santaella-Tenorio, Julian ; Mauro, Pia M. ; Carliner, Hannah ; Martins, Silvia S.</creator><creatorcontrib>Mauro, Christine M. ; Newswanger, Paul ; Santaella-Tenorio, Julian ; Mauro, Pia M. ; Carliner, Hannah ; Martins, Silvia S.</creatorcontrib><description>In states that have passed medical marijuana laws (MMLs), marijuana use (MU) increased after MML enactment among people ages 26 and older, but not among ages 12–25. We examined whether the age-specific impact of MMLs on MU varied by gender. Data were obtained from the 2004–2013 restricted-use National Survey on Drug Use and Health, aggregated at the state level. The exposure was a time-varying indicator of state-level MML (0 = No Law, 1 = Before Law, 2 = After Law). Outcomes included past-month MU prevalence, daily MU prevalence among past-year users (i.e., 300+ days/year), and past-year marijuana use disorder (MUD) prevalence. Linear models tested the state-level MML effect on outcomes by age (12–17, 18–25, 26+) and gender. Models included a state-level random intercept and controlled for time- and state-level covariates. Past-month MU did not increase after enactment of MML in men or women ages 12–25. Among people 26+, past-month MU increased for men from 7.0% before to 8.7% after enactment (+ 1.7%,
p
< 0.001) and for women from 3.1% before to 4.3% after enactment (+ 1.1%,
p
= 0.013). Among users 26+, daily MU also increased after enactment in both genders (men 16.3 to 19.1%, + 2.8%,
p
= 0.014; women 9.2 to 12.7%, + 3.4%,
p
= 0.003). There were no statistically significant increases in past-year MUD prevalence for any age or gender group after MML enactment. Given the statistically significant increase in daily use among past-year users aged 26+ following enactment, education campaigns should focus on informing the public of the risks associated with regular marijuana use.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1389-4986</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-6695</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11121-017-0848-3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29103076</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Springer US</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Age ; Age differences ; Age Distribution ; Campaigns ; Child and School Psychology ; Drug abuse ; Drug use ; Enactment ; Female ; Gender ; Health care policy ; Health Psychology ; Humans ; Law ; Legislation, Drug - statistics & numerical data ; Linear analysis ; Male ; Marijuana ; Marijuana Smoking - trends ; Marijuana Use - trends ; Medical marijuana ; Medical Marijuana - therapeutic use ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Men ; Polls & surveys ; Prevalence ; Public Health ; Sex Distribution ; United States - epidemiology ; Women ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Prevention science, 2019-02, Vol.20 (2), p.205-214</ispartof><rights>Society for Prevention Research 2017</rights><rights>Prevention Science is a copyright of Springer, (2017). All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c540t-4e92cb54dd03c32c70431e3f6fbca7de82c467b8c2d4d2c1d7d503143ea0937a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c540t-4e92cb54dd03c32c70431e3f6fbca7de82c467b8c2d4d2c1d7d503143ea0937a3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-6065-8128</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11121-017-0848-3$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11121-017-0848-3$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27866,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29103076$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Mauro, Christine M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Newswanger, Paul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Santaella-Tenorio, Julian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mauro, Pia M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carliner, Hannah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martins, Silvia S.</creatorcontrib><title>Impact of Medical Marijuana Laws on State-Level Marijuana Use by Age and Gender, 2004–2013</title><title>Prevention science</title><addtitle>Prev Sci</addtitle><addtitle>Prev Sci</addtitle><description>In states that have passed medical marijuana laws (MMLs), marijuana use (MU) increased after MML enactment among people ages 26 and older, but not among ages 12–25. We examined whether the age-specific impact of MMLs on MU varied by gender. Data were obtained from the 2004–2013 restricted-use National Survey on Drug Use and Health, aggregated at the state level. The exposure was a time-varying indicator of state-level MML (0 = No Law, 1 = Before Law, 2 = After Law). Outcomes included past-month MU prevalence, daily MU prevalence among past-year users (i.e., 300+ days/year), and past-year marijuana use disorder (MUD) prevalence. Linear models tested the state-level MML effect on outcomes by age (12–17, 18–25, 26+) and gender. Models included a state-level random intercept and controlled for time- and state-level covariates. Past-month MU did not increase after enactment of MML in men or women ages 12–25. Among people 26+, past-month MU increased for men from 7.0% before to 8.7% after enactment (+ 1.7%,
p
< 0.001) and for women from 3.1% before to 4.3% after enactment (+ 1.1%,
p
= 0.013). Among users 26+, daily MU also increased after enactment in both genders (men 16.3 to 19.1%, + 2.8%,
p
= 0.014; women 9.2 to 12.7%, + 3.4%,
p
= 0.003). There were no statistically significant increases in past-year MUD prevalence for any age or gender group after MML enactment. Given the statistically significant increase in daily use among past-year users aged 26+ following enactment, education campaigns should focus on informing the public of the risks associated with regular marijuana use.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Age differences</subject><subject>Age Distribution</subject><subject>Campaigns</subject><subject>Child and School Psychology</subject><subject>Drug abuse</subject><subject>Drug use</subject><subject>Enactment</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gender</subject><subject>Health care policy</subject><subject>Health Psychology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Law</subject><subject>Legislation, Drug - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Linear analysis</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Marijuana</subject><subject>Marijuana Smoking - trends</subject><subject>Marijuana Use - trends</subject><subject>Medical marijuana</subject><subject>Medical Marijuana - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Men</subject><subject>Polls & surveys</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Public Health</subject><subject>Sex Distribution</subject><subject>United States - epidemiology</subject><subject>Women</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1389-4986</issn><issn>1573-6695</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7TQ</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kc9u1DAQxi1ERcvCA3BBlrhwwGX8J3Z8QaqqUipt1QP0hmQ59mTJKpssdlLUW9-BN-RJcLWlLUicZqTvm288_hHyisMhBzDvM-dccAbcMKhVzeQTcsArI5nWtnpaellbpmyt98nznNcAXFcSnpF9YTlIMPqAfD3bbH2Y6NjSc4xd8D0996lbz37wdOl_ZDoO9PPkJ2RLvMLH6mVG2lzToxVSP0R6ikPE9I4KAPXr5qcALl-Qvdb3GV_e1QW5_Hjy5fgTW16cnh0fLVmoFExMoRWhqVSMIIMUwYCSHGWr2yZ4E7EWQWnT1EFEFUXg0cQKJFcSPVhpvFyQD7vc7dxsMAYcpuR7t03dxqdrN_rO_a0M3Te3Gq9cZaWSQpSAt3cBafw-Y57cpssB-94POM7ZcavLh2lddi7Im3-s63FOQznPCW5BirqqdXHxnSukMeeE7f1jOLhbdm7HzhV27padk2Xm9eMr7if-wCoGsTPkIg0rTA-r_5_6G2ChosI</recordid><startdate>20190201</startdate><enddate>20190201</enddate><creator>Mauro, Christine M.</creator><creator>Newswanger, Paul</creator><creator>Santaella-Tenorio, Julian</creator><creator>Mauro, Pia M.</creator><creator>Carliner, Hannah</creator><creator>Martins, Silvia S.</creator><general>Springer US</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>0-V</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TQ</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>8AM</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8BJ</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ALSLI</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGRYB</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DHY</scope><scope>DON</scope><scope>DPSOV</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FQK</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>JBE</scope><scope>K7.</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KC-</scope><scope>M0O</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2L</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6065-8128</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20190201</creationdate><title>Impact of Medical Marijuana Laws on State-Level Marijuana Use by Age and Gender, 2004–2013</title><author>Mauro, Christine M. ; Newswanger, Paul ; Santaella-Tenorio, Julian ; Mauro, Pia M. ; Carliner, Hannah ; Martins, Silvia S.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c540t-4e92cb54dd03c32c70431e3f6fbca7de82c467b8c2d4d2c1d7d503143ea0937a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Age</topic><topic>Age differences</topic><topic>Age Distribution</topic><topic>Campaigns</topic><topic>Child and School Psychology</topic><topic>Drug abuse</topic><topic>Drug use</topic><topic>Enactment</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gender</topic><topic>Health care policy</topic><topic>Health Psychology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Law</topic><topic>Legislation, Drug - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Linear analysis</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Marijuana</topic><topic>Marijuana Smoking - trends</topic><topic>Marijuana Use - trends</topic><topic>Medical marijuana</topic><topic>Medical Marijuana - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Men</topic><topic>Polls & surveys</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Public Health</topic><topic>Sex Distribution</topic><topic>United States - epidemiology</topic><topic>Women</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Mauro, Christine M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Newswanger, Paul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Santaella-Tenorio, Julian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mauro, Pia M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carliner, Hannah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martins, Silvia S.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Social Sciences Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>PAIS Index</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Psychology Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>Criminal Justice Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Social Science Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Criminology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>PAIS International</collection><collection>PAIS International (Ovid)</collection><collection>Politics Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>ProQuest Criminal Justice (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Politics Collection</collection><collection>Criminal Justice Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Political Science Database</collection><collection>Psychology Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Prevention science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mauro, Christine M.</au><au>Newswanger, Paul</au><au>Santaella-Tenorio, Julian</au><au>Mauro, Pia M.</au><au>Carliner, Hannah</au><au>Martins, Silvia S.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Impact of Medical Marijuana Laws on State-Level Marijuana Use by Age and Gender, 2004–2013</atitle><jtitle>Prevention science</jtitle><stitle>Prev Sci</stitle><addtitle>Prev Sci</addtitle><date>2019-02-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>20</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>205</spage><epage>214</epage><pages>205-214</pages><issn>1389-4986</issn><eissn>1573-6695</eissn><abstract>In states that have passed medical marijuana laws (MMLs), marijuana use (MU) increased after MML enactment among people ages 26 and older, but not among ages 12–25. We examined whether the age-specific impact of MMLs on MU varied by gender. Data were obtained from the 2004–2013 restricted-use National Survey on Drug Use and Health, aggregated at the state level. The exposure was a time-varying indicator of state-level MML (0 = No Law, 1 = Before Law, 2 = After Law). Outcomes included past-month MU prevalence, daily MU prevalence among past-year users (i.e., 300+ days/year), and past-year marijuana use disorder (MUD) prevalence. Linear models tested the state-level MML effect on outcomes by age (12–17, 18–25, 26+) and gender. Models included a state-level random intercept and controlled for time- and state-level covariates. Past-month MU did not increase after enactment of MML in men or women ages 12–25. Among people 26+, past-month MU increased for men from 7.0% before to 8.7% after enactment (+ 1.7%,
p
< 0.001) and for women from 3.1% before to 4.3% after enactment (+ 1.1%,
p
= 0.013). Among users 26+, daily MU also increased after enactment in both genders (men 16.3 to 19.1%, + 2.8%,
p
= 0.014; women 9.2 to 12.7%, + 3.4%,
p
= 0.003). There were no statistically significant increases in past-year MUD prevalence for any age or gender group after MML enactment. Given the statistically significant increase in daily use among past-year users aged 26+ following enactment, education campaigns should focus on informing the public of the risks associated with regular marijuana use.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><pmid>29103076</pmid><doi>10.1007/s11121-017-0848-3</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6065-8128</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; PAIS Index; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Age Age differences Age Distribution Campaigns Child and School Psychology Drug abuse Drug use Enactment Female Gender Health care policy Health Psychology Humans Law Legislation, Drug - statistics & numerical data Linear analysis Male Marijuana Marijuana Smoking - trends Marijuana Use - trends Medical marijuana Medical Marijuana - therapeutic use Medicine Medicine & Public Health Men Polls & surveys Prevalence Public Health Sex Distribution United States - epidemiology Women Young Adult |
| title | Impact of Medical Marijuana Laws on State-Level Marijuana Use by Age and Gender, 2004–2013 |
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