Chromosome analysis of human refrozen embryos following fluorescence in situ hybridization

Purpose Several recent reports have discussed refrozen and thawed embryo transfer; however, the process may cause a degree of chromosomal damage and subtle genomic mutation. In view of this possibility, the purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of aneuploidy in refrozen embryos. Methods In order to investigate the incidence of aneuploidy and mosaicism observed in chromosome 1, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) was used on surviving embryos that first underwent one freeze-thaw cycle, then were allowed to develop to the blastocyst stage, and subsequently survived a second freeze-thaw cycle. Results Of 1,132 blastomeric nuclei analyzed from 15 refrozen embryos, disomy was found in 82.9%. In contrast, for the 11 blastocysts subjected to only one freeze-thaw cycle, disomy was noted in 78.4%. Of the 197 blastomeric nuclei analyzed in all arrested embryos, disomy was found in 51.8%. Conclusions The refreezing process did not increase aneuploidy. The good and fair morphology groups demonstrated a higher percentage of disomy than the poor morphology group regardless of whether they were frozen once or twice.