Within the Brain: The Renin Angiotensin System
For many years, modulators of the renin angiotensin system (RAS) have been trusted by clinicians for the control of essential hypertension. It was recently demonstrated that these modulators have other pleiotropic properties independent of their hypotensive effects, such as enhancement of cognition....
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of molecular sciences 2018-03, Vol.19 (3), p.876 |
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| creator | Jackson, LaDonya Eldahshan, Wael Fagan, Susan C Ergul, Adviye |
| description | For many years, modulators of the renin angiotensin system (RAS) have been trusted by clinicians for the control of essential hypertension. It was recently demonstrated that these modulators have other pleiotropic properties independent of their hypotensive effects, such as enhancement of cognition. Within the brain, different components of the RAS have been extensively studied in the context of neuroprotection and cognition. Interestingly, a crosstalk between the RAS and other systems such as cholinergic, dopaminergic and adrenergic systems have been demonstrated. In this review, the preclinical and clinical evidence for the impact of RAS modulators on cognitive impairment of multiple etiologies will be discussed. In addition, the expression and function of different receptor subtypes within the RAS such as: Angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1R), Angiotensin II type II receptor (AT2R), Angiotensin IV receptor (AT4R), Mas receptor (MasR), and Mas-related-G protein-coupled receptor (MrgD), on different cell types within the brain will be presented. We aim to direct the attention of the scientific community to the plethora of evidence on the importance of the RAS on cognition and to the different disease conditions in which these agents can be beneficial. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ijms19030876 |
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It was recently demonstrated that these modulators have other pleiotropic properties independent of their hypotensive effects, such as enhancement of cognition. Within the brain, different components of the RAS have been extensively studied in the context of neuroprotection and cognition. Interestingly, a crosstalk between the RAS and other systems such as cholinergic, dopaminergic and adrenergic systems have been demonstrated. In this review, the preclinical and clinical evidence for the impact of RAS modulators on cognitive impairment of multiple etiologies will be discussed. In addition, the expression and function of different receptor subtypes within the RAS such as: Angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1R), Angiotensin II type II receptor (AT2R), Angiotensin IV receptor (AT4R), Mas receptor (MasR), and Mas-related-G protein-coupled receptor (MrgD), on different cell types within the brain will be presented. We aim to direct the attention of the scientific community to the plethora of evidence on the importance of the RAS on cognition and to the different disease conditions in which these agents can be beneficial.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1422-0067</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1661-6596</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1422-0067</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030876</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29543776</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Angiotensin AT1 receptors ; Angiotensin AT2 receptors ; Angiotensin II ; Angiotensin IV ; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists - pharmacology ; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists - therapeutic use ; Animals ; Brain - drug effects ; Brain - growth & development ; Brain - metabolism ; Brain - physiology ; Cognition & reasoning ; Crosstalk ; Dopamine receptors ; Etiology ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Neurocognitive Disorders - drug therapy ; Neurocognitive Disorders - etiology ; Neuromodulation ; Neuroprotection ; Parkinson's disease ; Proteins ; Proto-Oncogene Mas ; Renin ; Renin-Angiotensin System ; Review</subject><ispartof>International journal of molecular sciences, 2018-03, Vol.19 (3), p.876</ispartof><rights>2018. This work is licensed under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2018 by the authors. 2018</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c478t-c32bc9bd098de3538def99219eebcaccd57d6ce2fb6efcf45196a58c475d6a443</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c478t-c32bc9bd098de3538def99219eebcaccd57d6ce2fb6efcf45196a58c475d6a443</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5877737/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5877737/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29543776$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Jackson, LaDonya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eldahshan, Wael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fagan, Susan C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ergul, Adviye</creatorcontrib><title>Within the Brain: The Renin Angiotensin System</title><title>International journal of molecular sciences</title><addtitle>Int J Mol Sci</addtitle><description>For many years, modulators of the renin angiotensin system (RAS) have been trusted by clinicians for the control of essential hypertension. It was recently demonstrated that these modulators have other pleiotropic properties independent of their hypotensive effects, such as enhancement of cognition. Within the brain, different components of the RAS have been extensively studied in the context of neuroprotection and cognition. Interestingly, a crosstalk between the RAS and other systems such as cholinergic, dopaminergic and adrenergic systems have been demonstrated. In this review, the preclinical and clinical evidence for the impact of RAS modulators on cognitive impairment of multiple etiologies will be discussed. In addition, the expression and function of different receptor subtypes within the RAS such as: Angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1R), Angiotensin II type II receptor (AT2R), Angiotensin IV receptor (AT4R), Mas receptor (MasR), and Mas-related-G protein-coupled receptor (MrgD), on different cell types within the brain will be presented. 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Eldahshan, Wael ; Fagan, Susan C ; Ergul, Adviye</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c478t-c32bc9bd098de3538def99219eebcaccd57d6ce2fb6efcf45196a58c475d6a443</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Angiotensin AT1 receptors</topic><topic>Angiotensin AT2 receptors</topic><topic>Angiotensin II</topic><topic>Angiotensin IV</topic><topic>Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists - pharmacology</topic><topic>Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Brain - drug effects</topic><topic>Brain - growth & development</topic><topic>Brain - metabolism</topic><topic>Brain - physiology</topic><topic>Cognition & reasoning</topic><topic>Crosstalk</topic><topic>Dopamine receptors</topic><topic>Etiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypertension</topic><topic>Neurocognitive Disorders - drug therapy</topic><topic>Neurocognitive Disorders - etiology</topic><topic>Neuromodulation</topic><topic>Neuroprotection</topic><topic>Parkinson's disease</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Proto-Oncogene Mas</topic><topic>Renin</topic><topic>Renin-Angiotensin System</topic><topic>Review</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Jackson, LaDonya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eldahshan, Wael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fagan, Susan C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ergul, Adviye</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>International journal of molecular sciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Jackson, LaDonya</au><au>Eldahshan, Wael</au><au>Fagan, Susan C</au><au>Ergul, Adviye</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Within the Brain: The Renin Angiotensin System</atitle><jtitle>International journal of molecular sciences</jtitle><addtitle>Int J Mol Sci</addtitle><date>2018-03-15</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>19</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>876</spage><pages>876-</pages><issn>1422-0067</issn><issn>1661-6596</issn><eissn>1422-0067</eissn><abstract>For many years, modulators of the renin angiotensin system (RAS) have been trusted by clinicians for the control of essential hypertension. It was recently demonstrated that these modulators have other pleiotropic properties independent of their hypotensive effects, such as enhancement of cognition. Within the brain, different components of the RAS have been extensively studied in the context of neuroprotection and cognition. Interestingly, a crosstalk between the RAS and other systems such as cholinergic, dopaminergic and adrenergic systems have been demonstrated. In this review, the preclinical and clinical evidence for the impact of RAS modulators on cognitive impairment of multiple etiologies will be discussed. In addition, the expression and function of different receptor subtypes within the RAS such as: Angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1R), Angiotensin II type II receptor (AT2R), Angiotensin IV receptor (AT4R), Mas receptor (MasR), and Mas-related-G protein-coupled receptor (MrgD), on different cell types within the brain will be presented. 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| subjects | Angiotensin AT1 receptors Angiotensin AT2 receptors Angiotensin II Angiotensin IV Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists - pharmacology Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists - therapeutic use Animals Brain - drug effects Brain - growth & development Brain - metabolism Brain - physiology Cognition & reasoning Crosstalk Dopamine receptors Etiology Humans Hypertension Neurocognitive Disorders - drug therapy Neurocognitive Disorders - etiology Neuromodulation Neuroprotection Parkinson's disease Proteins Proto-Oncogene Mas Renin Renin-Angiotensin System Review |
| title | Within the Brain: The Renin Angiotensin System |
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