The Incidence of Traumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage in Head-Injured Older Adults Transported by EMS with and without Anticoagulant or Antiplatelet Use

Field triage guidelines recommend transport of head-injured patients on anticoagulants or antiplatelets to a higher-level trauma center based on studies suggesting a high incidence of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage (tICH). We compared the incidence of tICH in older adults transported by emergency...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of neurotrauma 2018-03, Vol.35 (5), p.750-759
Hauptverfasser: Nishijima, Daniel K, Gaona, Samuel D, Waechter, Trent, Maloney, Ric, Blitz, Adam, Elms, Andrew R, Farrales, Roel D, Montoya, James, Bair, Troy, Howard, Calvin, Gilbert, Megan, Trajano, Renee P, Hatchel, Kaela M, Faul, Mark, Bell, Jeneita M, Coronado, Victor C, Vinson, David R, Ballard, Dustin W, Tancredi, Daniel J, Garzon, Hernando, Mackey, Kevin E, Shahlaie, Kiarash, Holmes, James F
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container_end_page 759
container_issue 5
container_start_page 750
container_title Journal of neurotrauma
container_volume 35
creator Nishijima, Daniel K
Gaona, Samuel D
Waechter, Trent
Maloney, Ric
Blitz, Adam
Elms, Andrew R
Farrales, Roel D
Montoya, James
Bair, Troy
Howard, Calvin
Gilbert, Megan
Trajano, Renee P
Hatchel, Kaela M
Faul, Mark
Bell, Jeneita M
Coronado, Victor C
Vinson, David R
Ballard, Dustin W
Tancredi, Daniel J
Garzon, Hernando
Mackey, Kevin E
Shahlaie, Kiarash
Holmes, James F
description Field triage guidelines recommend transport of head-injured patients on anticoagulants or antiplatelets to a higher-level trauma center based on studies suggesting a high incidence of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage (tICH). We compared the incidence of tICH in older adults transported by emergency medical services (EMS) with and without anticoagulation or antiplatelet use and evaluated the accuracies of different sets of field triage criteria to identify tICH. This was a prospective, observational study at five EMS agencies and 11 hospitals. Older adults (≥55 years) with head trauma and transported by EMS from August 2015 to September 2016 were eligible. EMS providers completed standardized data forms and patients were followed through emergency department (ED) or hospital discharge. We enrolled 1304 patients; 1147 (88%) received a cranial computed tomography (CT) scan and were eligible for analysis. Four hundred thirty-four (33%) patients had anticoagulant or antiplatelet use and 112 (10%) had tICH. The incidence of tICH in patients with (11%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 8%-14%) and without (9%, 95% CI 7%-11%) anticoagulant or antiplatelet use was similar. Anticoagulant or antiplatelet use was not predictive of tICH on adjusted analysis. Steps 1-3 criteria alone were not sensitive in identifying tICH (27%), whereas the addition of anticoagulant or antiplatelet criterion improved sensitivity (63%). Other derived sets of triage criteria were highly sensitive (>98%) but poorly specific (
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We compared the incidence of tICH in older adults transported by emergency medical services (EMS) with and without anticoagulation or antiplatelet use and evaluated the accuracies of different sets of field triage criteria to identify tICH. This was a prospective, observational study at five EMS agencies and 11 hospitals. Older adults (≥55 years) with head trauma and transported by EMS from August 2015 to September 2016 were eligible. EMS providers completed standardized data forms and patients were followed through emergency department (ED) or hospital discharge. We enrolled 1304 patients; 1147 (88%) received a cranial computed tomography (CT) scan and were eligible for analysis. Four hundred thirty-four (33%) patients had anticoagulant or antiplatelet use and 112 (10%) had tICH. The incidence of tICH in patients with (11%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 8%-14%) and without (9%, 95% CI 7%-11%) anticoagulant or antiplatelet use was similar. 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subjects Anticoagulants
Computed tomography
Emergency medical care
Emergency services
Epidemiology
Head injuries
Hemorrhage
Older people
Original
Trauma
Trauma centers
title The Incidence of Traumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage in Head-Injured Older Adults Transported by EMS with and without Anticoagulant or Antiplatelet Use
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