Depression among female heads-of-household in rural Mozambique: A cross-sectional population-based survey
An estimated 350 million people live with depression worldwide. In Mozambique, there are no national data quantifying the burden of mental illnesses. With the sixth highest suicide rate in the world, there is strong evidence of an unmet mental health need. We conducted a survey to measure the preval...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of affective disorders 2018-02, Vol.227, p.48-55 |
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| creator | Audet, Carolyn M. Wainberg, Milton L. Oquendo, Maria A. Yu, Qiongru Blevins Peratikos, Meridith Duarte, Cristiane S. Martinho, Samuel Green, Ann F. González-Calvo, Lazaro Moon, Troy D. |
| description | An estimated 350 million people live with depression worldwide. In Mozambique, there are no national data quantifying the burden of mental illnesses. With the sixth highest suicide rate in the world, there is strong evidence of an unmet mental health need. We conducted a survey to measure the prevalence of depression among female heads of household and assess individual, social, and cultural risk factors associated with a positive depression screening.
This survey was conducted across 14 rural districts in central Mozambique in 2014. We gathered information from 3543 female heads of household (100% response rate) on > 500 variables, including a depression screening tool (PHQ-8). Weighted percentages of survey responses are reported.
Among female heads of household, 14% screened positive for depression (PHQ-8 score ≥ 10). Our adjusted models show increased odds of depression per additional year of age (aOR: 1.02 [1.01, 1.04]; p = 0.002), additional year of education (aOR: 1.06 [1.02, 1.11]; p = 0.006), and additional kilometer from the nearest clinic (aOR: 1.05 [1.02, 1.07]; p = < 0.001). Experiencing food insecurity (aOR: 1.05 [1.02, 1.08]; p = 0.003) was associated with increased odds of depression. Being single (aOR: 0.42 [0.29, 0.60]) or divorced/widowed/separated (aOR: 0.57 [0.34, 0.98]; p < 0.001) vs. married was protective against depression, as was a perceived “sufficient” household income (aOR: 0.37 [0.19, 0.69]; p = 0.008).
Social desirability bias may have led women to underreport feelings of depression.
The association of more education and marriage with increased odds of depression may reflect a frustration with limited opportunity for success experienced by some women in rural Mozambique.
•Among female heads of household, 14% screened positive for depression.•Being single or divorced/widowed/separated vs. married was protective against depression.•Non-Portuguese speakers are at higher risk of a positive depression screen. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jad.2017.10.022 |
| format | Article |
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This survey was conducted across 14 rural districts in central Mozambique in 2014. We gathered information from 3543 female heads of household (100% response rate) on > 500 variables, including a depression screening tool (PHQ-8). Weighted percentages of survey responses are reported.
Among female heads of household, 14% screened positive for depression (PHQ-8 score ≥ 10). Our adjusted models show increased odds of depression per additional year of age (aOR: 1.02 [1.01, 1.04]; p = 0.002), additional year of education (aOR: 1.06 [1.02, 1.11]; p = 0.006), and additional kilometer from the nearest clinic (aOR: 1.05 [1.02, 1.07]; p = < 0.001). Experiencing food insecurity (aOR: 1.05 [1.02, 1.08]; p = 0.003) was associated with increased odds of depression. Being single (aOR: 0.42 [0.29, 0.60]) or divorced/widowed/separated (aOR: 0.57 [0.34, 0.98]; p < 0.001) vs. married was protective against depression, as was a perceived “sufficient” household income (aOR: 0.37 [0.19, 0.69]; p = 0.008).
Social desirability bias may have led women to underreport feelings of depression.
The association of more education and marriage with increased odds of depression may reflect a frustration with limited opportunity for success experienced by some women in rural Mozambique.
•Among female heads of household, 14% screened positive for depression.•Being single or divorced/widowed/separated vs. married was protective against depression.•Non-Portuguese speakers are at higher risk of a positive depression screen.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0165-0327</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-2517</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.10.022</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29053975</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Adult ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Depression ; Depression - epidemiology ; Depression - psychology ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Food Supply ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mozambique ; Mozambique - epidemiology ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Rural Population - statistics & numerical data ; Rural sub-Saharan Africa ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Women ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Journal of affective disorders, 2018-02, Vol.227, p.48-55</ispartof><rights>2017 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c451t-96e413be219b1cc0910b1af96208f093c10c2b5df2c03a62d66951a4726a1fc93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c451t-96e413be219b1cc0910b1af96208f093c10c2b5df2c03a62d66951a4726a1fc93</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165032717311539$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29053975$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Audet, Carolyn M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wainberg, Milton L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oquendo, Maria A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yu, Qiongru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blevins Peratikos, Meridith</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duarte, Cristiane S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martinho, Samuel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Green, Ann F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>González-Calvo, Lazaro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moon, Troy D.</creatorcontrib><title>Depression among female heads-of-household in rural Mozambique: A cross-sectional population-based survey</title><title>Journal of affective disorders</title><addtitle>J Affect Disord</addtitle><description>An estimated 350 million people live with depression worldwide. In Mozambique, there are no national data quantifying the burden of mental illnesses. With the sixth highest suicide rate in the world, there is strong evidence of an unmet mental health need. We conducted a survey to measure the prevalence of depression among female heads of household and assess individual, social, and cultural risk factors associated with a positive depression screening.
This survey was conducted across 14 rural districts in central Mozambique in 2014. We gathered information from 3543 female heads of household (100% response rate) on > 500 variables, including a depression screening tool (PHQ-8). Weighted percentages of survey responses are reported.
Among female heads of household, 14% screened positive for depression (PHQ-8 score ≥ 10). Our adjusted models show increased odds of depression per additional year of age (aOR: 1.02 [1.01, 1.04]; p = 0.002), additional year of education (aOR: 1.06 [1.02, 1.11]; p = 0.006), and additional kilometer from the nearest clinic (aOR: 1.05 [1.02, 1.07]; p = < 0.001). Experiencing food insecurity (aOR: 1.05 [1.02, 1.08]; p = 0.003) was associated with increased odds of depression. Being single (aOR: 0.42 [0.29, 0.60]) or divorced/widowed/separated (aOR: 0.57 [0.34, 0.98]; p < 0.001) vs. married was protective against depression, as was a perceived “sufficient” household income (aOR: 0.37 [0.19, 0.69]; p = 0.008).
Social desirability bias may have led women to underreport feelings of depression.
The association of more education and marriage with increased odds of depression may reflect a frustration with limited opportunity for success experienced by some women in rural Mozambique.
•Among female heads of household, 14% screened positive for depression.•Being single or divorced/widowed/separated vs. married was protective against depression.•Non-Portuguese speakers are at higher risk of a positive depression screen.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Depression</subject><subject>Depression - epidemiology</subject><subject>Depression - psychology</subject><subject>Family Characteristics</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Food Supply</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mozambique</subject><subject>Mozambique - epidemiology</subject><subject>Odds Ratio</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Rural Population - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Rural sub-Saharan Africa</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Women</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0165-0327</issn><issn>1573-2517</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9UU1v1DAQtRAVXQo_gAvykUuWGWdt1yAhVeVTatVLOVuOM-l6lcTB3qxUfj0OWyq4cBrNzJs3M-8x9gphjYDq7W69c-1aAOqSr0GIJ2yFUteVkKifslXByApqoU_Z85x3AKCMhmfsVBiQtdFyxcJHmhLlHOLI3RDHO97R4HriW3JtrmJXbeOcaRv7loeRpzm5nl_Hn25owo-Z3vEL7lPMucrk94WkdKc4zb1bkqpxmVqe53Sg-xfspHN9ppcP8Yx9__zp9vJrdXXz5dvlxVXlNxL3lVG0wbohgaZB78EgNOg6owScd2Bqj-BFI9tOeKidEq1SRqLbaKEcdt7UZ-zDkXeam4FaT-O-3GynFAaX7m10wf7bGcPW3sWDlecgFepC8OaBIMXyYt7bIWRPfe9GKlpYNHIDWtdm2YVH6G8NEnWPaxDsYpHd2WKRXSxaSsWiMvP67_seJ_54UgDvjwAqKh0CJZt9oNFTG1IR2bYx_If-FxWZo9g</recordid><startdate>20180201</startdate><enddate>20180201</enddate><creator>Audet, Carolyn M.</creator><creator>Wainberg, Milton L.</creator><creator>Oquendo, Maria A.</creator><creator>Yu, Qiongru</creator><creator>Blevins Peratikos, Meridith</creator><creator>Duarte, Cristiane S.</creator><creator>Martinho, Samuel</creator><creator>Green, Ann F.</creator><creator>González-Calvo, Lazaro</creator><creator>Moon, Troy D.</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20180201</creationdate><title>Depression among female heads-of-household in rural Mozambique: A cross-sectional population-based survey</title><author>Audet, Carolyn M. ; Wainberg, Milton L. ; Oquendo, Maria A. ; Yu, Qiongru ; Blevins Peratikos, Meridith ; Duarte, Cristiane S. ; Martinho, Samuel ; Green, Ann F. ; González-Calvo, Lazaro ; Moon, Troy D.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c451t-96e413be219b1cc0910b1af96208f093c10c2b5df2c03a62d66951a4726a1fc93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Depression</topic><topic>Depression - epidemiology</topic><topic>Depression - psychology</topic><topic>Family Characteristics</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Food Supply</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Mozambique</topic><topic>Mozambique - epidemiology</topic><topic>Odds Ratio</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Rural Population - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Rural sub-Saharan Africa</topic><topic>Surveys and Questionnaires</topic><topic>Women</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Audet, Carolyn M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wainberg, Milton L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oquendo, Maria A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yu, Qiongru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blevins Peratikos, Meridith</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duarte, Cristiane S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martinho, Samuel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Green, Ann F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>González-Calvo, Lazaro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moon, Troy D.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Journal of affective disorders</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Audet, Carolyn M.</au><au>Wainberg, Milton L.</au><au>Oquendo, Maria A.</au><au>Yu, Qiongru</au><au>Blevins Peratikos, Meridith</au><au>Duarte, Cristiane S.</au><au>Martinho, Samuel</au><au>Green, Ann F.</au><au>González-Calvo, Lazaro</au><au>Moon, Troy D.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Depression among female heads-of-household in rural Mozambique: A cross-sectional population-based survey</atitle><jtitle>Journal of affective disorders</jtitle><addtitle>J Affect Disord</addtitle><date>2018-02-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>227</volume><spage>48</spage><epage>55</epage><pages>48-55</pages><issn>0165-0327</issn><eissn>1573-2517</eissn><abstract>An estimated 350 million people live with depression worldwide. In Mozambique, there are no national data quantifying the burden of mental illnesses. With the sixth highest suicide rate in the world, there is strong evidence of an unmet mental health need. We conducted a survey to measure the prevalence of depression among female heads of household and assess individual, social, and cultural risk factors associated with a positive depression screening.
This survey was conducted across 14 rural districts in central Mozambique in 2014. We gathered information from 3543 female heads of household (100% response rate) on > 500 variables, including a depression screening tool (PHQ-8). Weighted percentages of survey responses are reported.
Among female heads of household, 14% screened positive for depression (PHQ-8 score ≥ 10). Our adjusted models show increased odds of depression per additional year of age (aOR: 1.02 [1.01, 1.04]; p = 0.002), additional year of education (aOR: 1.06 [1.02, 1.11]; p = 0.006), and additional kilometer from the nearest clinic (aOR: 1.05 [1.02, 1.07]; p = < 0.001). Experiencing food insecurity (aOR: 1.05 [1.02, 1.08]; p = 0.003) was associated with increased odds of depression. Being single (aOR: 0.42 [0.29, 0.60]) or divorced/widowed/separated (aOR: 0.57 [0.34, 0.98]; p < 0.001) vs. married was protective against depression, as was a perceived “sufficient” household income (aOR: 0.37 [0.19, 0.69]; p = 0.008).
Social desirability bias may have led women to underreport feelings of depression.
The association of more education and marriage with increased odds of depression may reflect a frustration with limited opportunity for success experienced by some women in rural Mozambique.
•Among female heads of household, 14% screened positive for depression.•Being single or divorced/widowed/separated vs. married was protective against depression.•Non-Portuguese speakers are at higher risk of a positive depression screen.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>29053975</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jad.2017.10.022</doi><tpages>8</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Adult Cross-Sectional Studies Depression Depression - epidemiology Depression - psychology Family Characteristics Female Food Supply Humans Male Middle Aged Mozambique Mozambique - epidemiology Odds Ratio Prevalence Risk Factors Rural Population - statistics & numerical data Rural sub-Saharan Africa Surveys and Questionnaires Women Young Adult |
| title | Depression among female heads-of-household in rural Mozambique: A cross-sectional population-based survey |
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