Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-transduced natural killer cells in tumor immunotherapy

Natural killer (NK) cells are potential effector cells in cell-based cancer immunotherapy, particularly in the control of hematological malignancies. The chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) is an artificially modified fusion protein that consists of an extracellular antigen recognition domain fused to a...

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Veröffentlicht in:Acta pharmacologica Sinica 2018-02, Vol.39 (2), p.167-176
Hauptverfasser: Hu, Yuan, Tian, Zhi-gang, Zhang, Cai
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description Natural killer (NK) cells are potential effector cells in cell-based cancer immunotherapy, particularly in the control of hematological malignancies. The chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) is an artificially modified fusion protein that consists of an extracellular antigen recognition domain fused to an intracellular signaling domain. T cells genetically modified with a CAR have demonstrated remarkable success in the treatment of hematological cancers. Compared to T cells, CAR-transduced NK cells (CAR-NK) exhibit several advantages, such as safety in clinical use, the mechanisms by which they recognize cancer cells, and their abundance in clinical samples. Human primary NK cells and the NK-92 cell line have been successfully transduced to express CARs against both hematological cancers and solid tumors in pre-clinical and clinical trials. However, many challenges and obstacles remain, such as the ex vivo expansion of CAR-modified primary NK cells and the low transduction efficiency of NK cells. Many strategies and technologies have been developed to improve the safety and therapeutic efficacy in CAR-based immunotherapy. Moreover, NK cells express a variety of activating receptors (NKRs), such as CD16, NKG2D, CD226 and NKp30, which might specifically recognize the ligands expressed on tumor cells. Based on the principle of NKR recognition, a strategy that targets NKRs is rapidly emerging. Given the promising clinical progress described in this review, CAR- and NKR-NK cell-based immunotherapy are likely promising new strategies for cancer therapy.
doi_str_mv 10.1038/aps.2017.125
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Moreover, NK cells express a variety of activating receptors (NKRs), such as CD16, NKG2D, CD226 and NKp30, which might specifically recognize the ligands expressed on tumor cells. Based on the principle of NKR recognition, a strategy that targets NKRs is rapidly emerging. 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subjects Animals
Antigens
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Blood cancer
Cancer
Cancer immunotherapy
CD16 antigen
Cell Line, Tumor
Chimeric antigen receptors
Clinical trials
Effector cells
Fusion protein
Genetic modification
Genetic Vectors
Hematology
Humans
Immunology
Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy - methods
Internal Medicine
Intracellular signalling
Killer Cells, Natural - immunology
Killer Cells, Natural - transplantation
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes T
Medical Microbiology
Natural killer cells
Neoplasms - therapy
NKG2 antigen
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Receptors, Antigen - genetics
Receptors, Antigen - immunology
Review
Signal transduction
Solid tumors
T cell receptors
Tumor cells
Tumors
Vaccine
Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
title Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-transduced natural killer cells in tumor immunotherapy
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