Period prevalence, risk factors and consequent injuries of falling among the Saudi elderly living in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study
ObjectivesApproximately 28% to 35% of people aged 65 and over fall each year. The consequent injuries of falls are considered a major public health problem. Falls account for more than half of injury-related hospitalisations among old people. The aim of this study was to measure a 1-year period prev...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | BMJ open 2018-01, Vol.8 (1), p.e019063-e019063 |
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| creator | Almegbel, Faisal Yousef Alotaibi, Ibrahim Muthyib Alhusain, Faisal Ahmed Masuadi, Emad M Al Sulami, Salma Lafyan Aloushan, Amairah Fahad Almuqbil, Bashayer Ibrahim |
| description | ObjectivesApproximately 28% to 35% of people aged 65 and over fall each year. The consequent injuries of falls are considered a major public health problem. Falls account for more than half of injury-related hospitalisations among old people. The aim of this study was to measure a 1-year period prevalence of falling among old people in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. In addition, this study described the most common risk factors and consequent injuries of falls.Setting and participantsA cross-sectional survey was carried out in Riyadh, using a convenient sampling. The targeted population were Saudi citizens who were 60 years or above. Over a 6-month period, 1182 individuals were sampled (545 men and 637 women).ResultsThe 1-year prevalence of falling among old Saudis (>=60 years) was 49.9%. Our results show that 74% of the participants who experienced falls had postfall injuries. Old participants who were uneducated and those with middle school certification were associated with falls (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.72; 95% CI 1.15 to 2.56, aOR 1.81; 95% CI 1.15 to 2.85, respectively). Those who live in rented houses had a higher risk of falls. Interestingly, having a caregiver was significantly associated with more falls (aOR 1.39; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.79). However, not using any medications was significantly related to fewer falls. In addition, old individuals using walking aids were more likely to fall than those who did not. Participants who mentioned ‘not having stressors were associated with less frequent falls (aOR 0.62; 95% CI 0.39 to 0.97). Cerebrovascular accidents were strongly associated with falls with an estimated OR of 2.75 (95% CI 1.18 to 6.43). Moreover, osteoporosis, poor vision and back pain were found to be predictors for falls among the elderly.Conclusion49.9% of elderly Saudis had experienced one or more falls during a 12-month period. Several preventable risk factors could be addressed by routine geriatric assessment. Research on the impact of these risk factors is needed. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019063 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_5781015</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1989562432</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-b472t-fee9c080a1eee4786611403db938066d9732ab5479b9b87a4d1f6afb80f6c4603</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkV1rHCEUhqU0NCHNLygUoTe9yKQ6o87Yi0II-YJASj-uxdEzWbeObnVmYf9Gf3Hd7DakvaoXKrzPeTnnvAi9oeSM0kZ86MdlXEGoakLbilBJRPMCHdWEsUoQzl8--x-ik5yXpBzGJef1K3RYy6YWtJNH6NdnSC5avEqw1h6CgVOcXP6BB22mmDLWwWITQ4afM4QJu7Cck4OM41AQ7114wHqM5Z4WgL_q2ToM3kLyG-zdeiu7gL-4jbaL071-nnTv9EessUkx5yqDmVwM2uM8zXbzGh0U5wwn-_cYfb-6_HZxU93dX99enN9VPWvrqRoApCEd0RQAWNsJQSkjje1l0xEhrGybWvectbKXfddqZukg9NB3ZBCGCdIco08739Xcj2BNGS9pr1bJjTptVNRO_a0Et1APca1421FCeTF4vzdIsWwnT2p02YD3OkCcs6Kyk1zUrKkL-u4fdBnnVEZ-pIRoW0q2VLOjHveSYHhqhhK1jV3tY1fb2NUu9lL19vkcTzV_Qi7A2Q4o1f_l-BuuU7t7</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1986677102</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Period prevalence, risk factors and consequent injuries of falling among the Saudi elderly living in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study</title><source>BMJ Open Access Journals</source><source>MEDLINE</source><source>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Sociological Abstracts</source><source>PubMed Central Open Access</source><creator>Almegbel, Faisal Yousef ; Alotaibi, Ibrahim Muthyib ; Alhusain, Faisal Ahmed ; Masuadi, Emad M ; Al Sulami, Salma Lafyan ; Aloushan, Amairah Fahad ; Almuqbil, Bashayer Ibrahim</creator><creatorcontrib>Almegbel, Faisal Yousef ; Alotaibi, Ibrahim Muthyib ; Alhusain, Faisal Ahmed ; Masuadi, Emad M ; Al Sulami, Salma Lafyan ; Aloushan, Amairah Fahad ; Almuqbil, Bashayer Ibrahim</creatorcontrib><description>ObjectivesApproximately 28% to 35% of people aged 65 and over fall each year. The consequent injuries of falls are considered a major public health problem. Falls account for more than half of injury-related hospitalisations among old people. The aim of this study was to measure a 1-year period prevalence of falling among old people in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. In addition, this study described the most common risk factors and consequent injuries of falls.Setting and participantsA cross-sectional survey was carried out in Riyadh, using a convenient sampling. The targeted population were Saudi citizens who were 60 years or above. Over a 6-month period, 1182 individuals were sampled (545 men and 637 women).ResultsThe 1-year prevalence of falling among old Saudis (>=60 years) was 49.9%. Our results show that 74% of the participants who experienced falls had postfall injuries. Old participants who were uneducated and those with middle school certification were associated with falls (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.72; 95% CI 1.15 to 2.56, aOR 1.81; 95% CI 1.15 to 2.85, respectively). Those who live in rented houses had a higher risk of falls. Interestingly, having a caregiver was significantly associated with more falls (aOR 1.39; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.79). However, not using any medications was significantly related to fewer falls. In addition, old individuals using walking aids were more likely to fall than those who did not. Participants who mentioned ‘not having stressors were associated with less frequent falls (aOR 0.62; 95% CI 0.39 to 0.97). Cerebrovascular accidents were strongly associated with falls with an estimated OR of 2.75 (95% CI 1.18 to 6.43). Moreover, osteoporosis, poor vision and back pain were found to be predictors for falls among the elderly.Conclusion49.9% of elderly Saudis had experienced one or more falls during a 12-month period. Several preventable risk factors could be addressed by routine geriatric assessment. Research on the impact of these risk factors is needed.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2044-6055</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2044-6055</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019063</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29326189</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: BMJ Publishing Group LTD</publisher><subject>Accidental Falls - statistics & numerical data ; Accidents, Home - statistics & numerical data ; Adults ; Age ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aging ; Back Pain ; Caregivers ; Cerebrovascular Disorders ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Data collection ; Developing countries ; Diabetes ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Environment Design ; Falls ; Female ; Geriatric Medicine ; Geriatrics ; Gerontology ; Humans ; Injuries ; LDCs ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Older people ; Orthopedic Equipment ; Osteoporosis ; Population ; Prevalence ; Public health ; Quality of life ; Risk Factors ; Saudi Arabia - epidemiology ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Stress ; Stress, Psychological ; Systematic review ; Vision, Low ; Wounds and Injuries - epidemiology ; Wounds and Injuries - etiology</subject><ispartof>BMJ open, 2018-01, Vol.8 (1), p.e019063-e019063</ispartof><rights>Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.</rights><rights>2018 Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted. This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted. 2018</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b472t-fee9c080a1eee4786611403db938066d9732ab5479b9b87a4d1f6afb80f6c4603</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-b472t-fee9c080a1eee4786611403db938066d9732ab5479b9b87a4d1f6afb80f6c4603</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-8422-5244</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/8/1/e019063.full.pdf$$EPDF$$P50$$Gbmj$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/8/1/e019063.full$$EHTML$$P50$$Gbmj$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,27321,27526,27527,27901,27902,33751,53766,53768,77344,77375</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29326189$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Almegbel, Faisal Yousef</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alotaibi, Ibrahim Muthyib</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alhusain, Faisal Ahmed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Masuadi, Emad M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al Sulami, Salma Lafyan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aloushan, Amairah Fahad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Almuqbil, Bashayer Ibrahim</creatorcontrib><title>Period prevalence, risk factors and consequent injuries of falling among the Saudi elderly living in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study</title><title>BMJ open</title><addtitle>BMJ Open</addtitle><description>ObjectivesApproximately 28% to 35% of people aged 65 and over fall each year. The consequent injuries of falls are considered a major public health problem. Falls account for more than half of injury-related hospitalisations among old people. The aim of this study was to measure a 1-year period prevalence of falling among old people in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. In addition, this study described the most common risk factors and consequent injuries of falls.Setting and participantsA cross-sectional survey was carried out in Riyadh, using a convenient sampling. The targeted population were Saudi citizens who were 60 years or above. Over a 6-month period, 1182 individuals were sampled (545 men and 637 women).ResultsThe 1-year prevalence of falling among old Saudis (>=60 years) was 49.9%. Our results show that 74% of the participants who experienced falls had postfall injuries. Old participants who were uneducated and those with middle school certification were associated with falls (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.72; 95% CI 1.15 to 2.56, aOR 1.81; 95% CI 1.15 to 2.85, respectively). Those who live in rented houses had a higher risk of falls. Interestingly, having a caregiver was significantly associated with more falls (aOR 1.39; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.79). However, not using any medications was significantly related to fewer falls. In addition, old individuals using walking aids were more likely to fall than those who did not. Participants who mentioned ‘not having stressors were associated with less frequent falls (aOR 0.62; 95% CI 0.39 to 0.97). Cerebrovascular accidents were strongly associated with falls with an estimated OR of 2.75 (95% CI 1.18 to 6.43). Moreover, osteoporosis, poor vision and back pain were found to be predictors for falls among the elderly.Conclusion49.9% of elderly Saudis had experienced one or more falls during a 12-month period. Several preventable risk factors could be addressed by routine geriatric assessment. Research on the impact of these risk factors is needed.</description><subject>Accidental Falls - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Accidents, Home - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Adults</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Age Factors</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aging</subject><subject>Back Pain</subject><subject>Caregivers</subject><subject>Cerebrovascular Disorders</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Data collection</subject><subject>Developing countries</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions</subject><subject>Environment Design</subject><subject>Falls</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Geriatric Medicine</subject><subject>Geriatrics</subject><subject>Gerontology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Injuries</subject><subject>LDCs</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Older people</subject><subject>Orthopedic Equipment</subject><subject>Osteoporosis</subject><subject>Population</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Quality of life</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Saudi Arabia - epidemiology</subject><subject>Socioeconomic Factors</subject><subject>Stress</subject><subject>Stress, Psychological</subject><subject>Systematic review</subject><subject>Vision, Low</subject><subject>Wounds and Injuries - epidemiology</subject><subject>Wounds and Injuries - etiology</subject><issn>2044-6055</issn><issn>2044-6055</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>9YT</sourceid><sourceid>ACMMV</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>BHHNA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkV1rHCEUhqU0NCHNLygUoTe9yKQ6o87Yi0II-YJASj-uxdEzWbeObnVmYf9Gf3Hd7DakvaoXKrzPeTnnvAi9oeSM0kZ86MdlXEGoakLbilBJRPMCHdWEsUoQzl8--x-ik5yXpBzGJef1K3RYy6YWtJNH6NdnSC5avEqw1h6CgVOcXP6BB22mmDLWwWITQ4afM4QJu7Cck4OM41AQ7114wHqM5Z4WgL_q2ToM3kLyG-zdeiu7gL-4jbaL071-nnTv9EessUkx5yqDmVwM2uM8zXbzGh0U5wwn-_cYfb-6_HZxU93dX99enN9VPWvrqRoApCEd0RQAWNsJQSkjje1l0xEhrGybWvectbKXfddqZukg9NB3ZBCGCdIco08739Xcj2BNGS9pr1bJjTptVNRO_a0Et1APca1421FCeTF4vzdIsWwnT2p02YD3OkCcs6Kyk1zUrKkL-u4fdBnnVEZ-pIRoW0q2VLOjHveSYHhqhhK1jV3tY1fb2NUu9lL19vkcTzV_Qi7A2Q4o1f_l-BuuU7t7</recordid><startdate>20180101</startdate><enddate>20180101</enddate><creator>Almegbel, Faisal Yousef</creator><creator>Alotaibi, Ibrahim Muthyib</creator><creator>Alhusain, Faisal Ahmed</creator><creator>Masuadi, Emad M</creator><creator>Al Sulami, Salma Lafyan</creator><creator>Aloushan, Amairah Fahad</creator><creator>Almuqbil, Bashayer Ibrahim</creator><general>BMJ Publishing Group LTD</general><general>BMJ Publishing Group</general><scope>9YT</scope><scope>ACMMV</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7U3</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHHNA</scope><scope>BTHHO</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8422-5244</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20180101</creationdate><title>Period prevalence, risk factors and consequent injuries of falling among the Saudi elderly living in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study</title><author>Almegbel, Faisal Yousef ; Alotaibi, Ibrahim Muthyib ; Alhusain, Faisal Ahmed ; Masuadi, Emad M ; Al Sulami, Salma Lafyan ; Aloushan, Amairah Fahad ; Almuqbil, Bashayer Ibrahim</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b472t-fee9c080a1eee4786611403db938066d9732ab5479b9b87a4d1f6afb80f6c4603</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Accidental Falls - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Accidents, Home - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Adults</topic><topic>Age</topic><topic>Age Factors</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aging</topic><topic>Back Pain</topic><topic>Caregivers</topic><topic>Cerebrovascular Disorders</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Data collection</topic><topic>Developing countries</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions</topic><topic>Environment Design</topic><topic>Falls</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Geriatric Medicine</topic><topic>Geriatrics</topic><topic>Gerontology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Injuries</topic><topic>LDCs</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Older people</topic><topic>Orthopedic Equipment</topic><topic>Osteoporosis</topic><topic>Population</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Public health</topic><topic>Quality of life</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Saudi Arabia - epidemiology</topic><topic>Socioeconomic Factors</topic><topic>Stress</topic><topic>Stress, Psychological</topic><topic>Systematic review</topic><topic>Vision, Low</topic><topic>Wounds and Injuries - epidemiology</topic><topic>Wounds and Injuries - etiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Almegbel, Faisal Yousef</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alotaibi, Ibrahim Muthyib</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alhusain, Faisal Ahmed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Masuadi, Emad M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al Sulami, Salma Lafyan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aloushan, Amairah Fahad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Almuqbil, Bashayer Ibrahim</creatorcontrib><collection>BMJ Open Access Journals</collection><collection>BMJ Journals:Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Proquest Nursing & Allied Health Source</collection><collection>Social Services Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Psychology Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts</collection><collection>BMJ Journals</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Psychology</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>BMJ open</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Almegbel, Faisal Yousef</au><au>Alotaibi, Ibrahim Muthyib</au><au>Alhusain, Faisal Ahmed</au><au>Masuadi, Emad M</au><au>Al Sulami, Salma Lafyan</au><au>Aloushan, Amairah Fahad</au><au>Almuqbil, Bashayer Ibrahim</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Period prevalence, risk factors and consequent injuries of falling among the Saudi elderly living in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study</atitle><jtitle>BMJ open</jtitle><addtitle>BMJ Open</addtitle><date>2018-01-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>8</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>e019063</spage><epage>e019063</epage><pages>e019063-e019063</pages><issn>2044-6055</issn><eissn>2044-6055</eissn><abstract>ObjectivesApproximately 28% to 35% of people aged 65 and over fall each year. The consequent injuries of falls are considered a major public health problem. Falls account for more than half of injury-related hospitalisations among old people. The aim of this study was to measure a 1-year period prevalence of falling among old people in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. In addition, this study described the most common risk factors and consequent injuries of falls.Setting and participantsA cross-sectional survey was carried out in Riyadh, using a convenient sampling. The targeted population were Saudi citizens who were 60 years or above. Over a 6-month period, 1182 individuals were sampled (545 men and 637 women).ResultsThe 1-year prevalence of falling among old Saudis (>=60 years) was 49.9%. Our results show that 74% of the participants who experienced falls had postfall injuries. Old participants who were uneducated and those with middle school certification were associated with falls (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.72; 95% CI 1.15 to 2.56, aOR 1.81; 95% CI 1.15 to 2.85, respectively). Those who live in rented houses had a higher risk of falls. Interestingly, having a caregiver was significantly associated with more falls (aOR 1.39; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.79). However, not using any medications was significantly related to fewer falls. In addition, old individuals using walking aids were more likely to fall than those who did not. Participants who mentioned ‘not having stressors were associated with less frequent falls (aOR 0.62; 95% CI 0.39 to 0.97). Cerebrovascular accidents were strongly associated with falls with an estimated OR of 2.75 (95% CI 1.18 to 6.43). Moreover, osteoporosis, poor vision and back pain were found to be predictors for falls among the elderly.Conclusion49.9% of elderly Saudis had experienced one or more falls during a 12-month period. Several preventable risk factors could be addressed by routine geriatric assessment. Research on the impact of these risk factors is needed.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>BMJ Publishing Group LTD</pub><pmid>29326189</pmid><doi>10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019063</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8422-5244</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | BMJ Open Access Journals; MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Sociological Abstracts; PubMed Central Open Access |
| subjects | Accidental Falls - statistics & numerical data Accidents, Home - statistics & numerical data Adults Age Age Factors Aged Aging Back Pain Caregivers Cerebrovascular Disorders Cross-Sectional Studies Data collection Developing countries Diabetes Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions Environment Design Falls Female Geriatric Medicine Geriatrics Gerontology Humans Injuries LDCs Male Middle Aged Older people Orthopedic Equipment Osteoporosis Population Prevalence Public health Quality of life Risk Factors Saudi Arabia - epidemiology Socioeconomic Factors Stress Stress, Psychological Systematic review Vision, Low Wounds and Injuries - epidemiology Wounds and Injuries - etiology |
| title | Period prevalence, risk factors and consequent injuries of falling among the Saudi elderly living in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study |
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