Post-Translational Modifications of Protein Backbones: Unique Functions, Mechanisms, and Challenges
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) dramatically enhance the capabilities of proteins. They introduce new functionalities and dynamically control protein activity by modulating intra- and intermolecular interactions. Traditionally, PTMs have been considered as reversible attachments to nucleophi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Biochemistry (Easton) 2018-01, Vol.57 (2), p.177-185 |
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| creator | Müller, Manuel M |
| description | Post-translational modifications (PTMs) dramatically enhance the capabilities of proteins. They introduce new functionalities and dynamically control protein activity by modulating intra- and intermolecular interactions. Traditionally, PTMs have been considered as reversible attachments to nucleophilic functional groups on amino acid side chains, whereas the polypeptide backbone is often thought to be inert. This paradigm is shifting as chemically and functionally diverse alterations of the protein backbone are discovered. Importantly, backbone PTMs can control protein structure and function just as side chain modifications do and operate through unique mechanisms to achieve these features. In this Perspective, I outline the various types of protein backbone modifications discovered so far and highlight their contributions to biology as well as the challenges in studying this versatile yet poorly characterized class of PTMs. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00861 |
| format | Article |
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They introduce new functionalities and dynamically control protein activity by modulating intra- and intermolecular interactions. Traditionally, PTMs have been considered as reversible attachments to nucleophilic functional groups on amino acid side chains, whereas the polypeptide backbone is often thought to be inert. This paradigm is shifting as chemically and functionally diverse alterations of the protein backbone are discovered. Importantly, backbone PTMs can control protein structure and function just as side chain modifications do and operate through unique mechanisms to achieve these features. 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| ispartof | Biochemistry (Easton), 2018-01, Vol.57 (2), p.177-185 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | ACS Publications; MEDLINE |
| subjects | amino acids Bacterial Proteins - chemistry Biological Products - chemistry chemical interactions Green Fluorescent Proteins - chemistry Imidazoles - chemistry Lewis bases moieties Peptides - chemistry polypeptides post-translational modification Protein Conformation Protein Domains Protein Processing, Post-Translational protein structure proteins Proteins - chemistry Structure-Activity Relationship |
| title | Post-Translational Modifications of Protein Backbones: Unique Functions, Mechanisms, and Challenges |
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