Increases in the competitive fitness of West Nile virus isolates after introduction into California
To investigate the phenotypic evolution of West Nile virus (WNV) in California, we competed sixteen isolates made during 2007–08 against COAV997-5nt, a genetically marked clone from the founding 2003 California isolate COAV997-2003. Using in vivo fitness competitions in House Finches (HOFI) and Cule...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Virology (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2018-01, Vol.514, p.170-181 |
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description | To investigate the phenotypic evolution of West Nile virus (WNV) in California, we competed sixteen isolates made during 2007–08 against COAV997-5nt, a genetically marked clone from the founding 2003 California isolate COAV997-2003. Using in vivo fitness competitions in House Finches (HOFI) and Culex tarsalis mosquitoes, we found that the majority of WNV WN02 and SW03 genotype isolates exhibited elevated replicative fitness in both hosts compared to COAV997-5nt. Increased replicative capacity in HOFIs was not associated with increased mortality, indicating that these isolates had not gained avian virulence. One WN02 isolate from Coachella Valley, a region geographically close to the isolation of COAV997, showed neutral fitness in HOFIs and reduced fitness in Cx. tarsalis. Two isolates from Kern County and Sacramento/Yolo County out-competed COAV997-nt in HOFIs, but were transmitted less efficiently by Cx. tarsalis. Competition demonstrated neutral or increased fitness that appeared independent of both WN02 and SW03 genotypes.
•Strains of WNV isolated in 2007–2008 were competed in vivo against a genetically marked clone from the founding strain isolated in 2003.•Both WN02 and SW03 genotypes exhibited elevated fitness.•Viremias in House finches were dominated by a single strain.•Although Culex tarsalis frequently were infected by both competing strains, only one strain was transmitted successfully. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.virol.2017.11.017 |
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•Strains of WNV isolated in 2007–2008 were competed in vivo against a genetically marked clone from the founding strain isolated in 2003.•Both WN02 and SW03 genotypes exhibited elevated fitness.•Viremias in House finches were dominated by a single strain.•Although Culex tarsalis frequently were infected by both competing strains, only one strain was transmitted successfully.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0042-6822</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1096-0341</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2017.11.017</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29195094</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Animals ; California ; Competitive fitness ; Culex - virology ; Evolution ; Finches ; Genotype ; Humans ; Insect Vectors - virology ; Invasion ; Open Reading Frames ; Phenotype ; Phylogeny ; Virus Replication ; West Nile Fever - transmission ; West Nile Fever - virology ; West Nile virus ; West Nile virus - classification ; West Nile virus - genetics ; West Nile virus - isolation & purification ; West Nile virus - physiology</subject><ispartof>Virology (New York, N.Y.), 2018-01, Vol.514, p.170-181</ispartof><rights>2017 The Author(s)</rights><rights>Copyright © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c459t-8ae9011979700dba4be2d030b12e0a91d3594bc216300b40c759bf243fdb0d4d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c459t-8ae9011979700dba4be2d030b12e0a91d3594bc216300b40c759bf243fdb0d4d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2017.11.017$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29195094$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Worwa, Gabriella</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hutton, Andra A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Frey, Michèle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duggal, Nisha K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brault, Aaron C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reisen, William K.</creatorcontrib><title>Increases in the competitive fitness of West Nile virus isolates after introduction into California</title><title>Virology (New York, N.Y.)</title><addtitle>Virology</addtitle><description>To investigate the phenotypic evolution of West Nile virus (WNV) in California, we competed sixteen isolates made during 2007–08 against COAV997-5nt, a genetically marked clone from the founding 2003 California isolate COAV997-2003. Using in vivo fitness competitions in House Finches (HOFI) and Culex tarsalis mosquitoes, we found that the majority of WNV WN02 and SW03 genotype isolates exhibited elevated replicative fitness in both hosts compared to COAV997-5nt. Increased replicative capacity in HOFIs was not associated with increased mortality, indicating that these isolates had not gained avian virulence. One WN02 isolate from Coachella Valley, a region geographically close to the isolation of COAV997, showed neutral fitness in HOFIs and reduced fitness in Cx. tarsalis. Two isolates from Kern County and Sacramento/Yolo County out-competed COAV997-nt in HOFIs, but were transmitted less efficiently by Cx. tarsalis. Competition demonstrated neutral or increased fitness that appeared independent of both WN02 and SW03 genotypes.
•Strains of WNV isolated in 2007–2008 were competed in vivo against a genetically marked clone from the founding strain isolated in 2003.•Both WN02 and SW03 genotypes exhibited elevated fitness.•Viremias in House finches were dominated by a single strain.•Although Culex tarsalis frequently were infected by both competing strains, only one strain was transmitted successfully.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>California</subject><subject>Competitive fitness</subject><subject>Culex - virology</subject><subject>Evolution</subject><subject>Finches</subject><subject>Genotype</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Insect Vectors - virology</subject><subject>Invasion</subject><subject>Open Reading Frames</subject><subject>Phenotype</subject><subject>Phylogeny</subject><subject>Virus Replication</subject><subject>West Nile Fever - transmission</subject><subject>West Nile Fever - virology</subject><subject>West Nile virus</subject><subject>West Nile virus - classification</subject><subject>West Nile virus - genetics</subject><subject>West Nile virus - isolation & purification</subject><subject>West Nile virus - physiology</subject><issn>0042-6822</issn><issn>1096-0341</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9UUuLFDEQDqK44-ovECRHL91WpdOdzUFBBh8Li14UjyGdVLsZejpjkh7w35tx1kUvnooi36vyMfYcoUXA4dWuPYYU51YAqhaxreMB2yDooYFO4kO2AZCiGa6EuGBPct5B3ZWCx-xCaNQ9aLlh7npxiWymzMPCyy1xF_cHKqGEI_EplIVy5nHi3ygX_inMxKvrWtE5zrZUmp0KpUouKfrVlRCX0xL51s5himkJ9il7NNk507O7ecm-vn_3Zfuxufn84Xr79qZxstelubKkAVErrQD8aOVIwkMHIwoCq9F3vZajEzh0AKMEp3o9TkJ2kx_BS99dsjdn3cM67sk7qpnsbA4p7G36aaIN5t-XJdya7_FoejUMnZJV4OWdQIo_1nqw2YfsaJ7tQnHNpmZDhTD0WKHdGepSzDnRdG-DYE71mJ35XY851WMQTR2V9eLvhPecP31UwOszgOo_HQMlk12gxZEPiVwxPob_GvwCs6ukxg</recordid><startdate>20180115</startdate><enddate>20180115</enddate><creator>Worwa, Gabriella</creator><creator>Hutton, Andra A.</creator><creator>Frey, Michèle</creator><creator>Duggal, Nisha K.</creator><creator>Brault, Aaron C.</creator><creator>Reisen, William K.</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20180115</creationdate><title>Increases in the competitive fitness of West Nile virus isolates after introduction into California</title><author>Worwa, Gabriella ; Hutton, Andra A. ; Frey, Michèle ; Duggal, Nisha K. ; Brault, Aaron C. ; Reisen, William K.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c459t-8ae9011979700dba4be2d030b12e0a91d3594bc216300b40c759bf243fdb0d4d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>California</topic><topic>Competitive fitness</topic><topic>Culex - virology</topic><topic>Evolution</topic><topic>Finches</topic><topic>Genotype</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Insect Vectors - virology</topic><topic>Invasion</topic><topic>Open Reading Frames</topic><topic>Phenotype</topic><topic>Phylogeny</topic><topic>Virus Replication</topic><topic>West Nile Fever - transmission</topic><topic>West Nile Fever - virology</topic><topic>West Nile virus</topic><topic>West Nile virus - classification</topic><topic>West Nile virus - genetics</topic><topic>West Nile virus - isolation & purification</topic><topic>West Nile virus - physiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Worwa, Gabriella</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hutton, Andra A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Frey, Michèle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duggal, Nisha K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brault, Aaron C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reisen, William K.</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Virology (New York, N.Y.)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Worwa, Gabriella</au><au>Hutton, Andra A.</au><au>Frey, Michèle</au><au>Duggal, Nisha K.</au><au>Brault, Aaron C.</au><au>Reisen, William K.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Increases in the competitive fitness of West Nile virus isolates after introduction into California</atitle><jtitle>Virology (New York, N.Y.)</jtitle><addtitle>Virology</addtitle><date>2018-01-15</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>514</volume><spage>170</spage><epage>181</epage><pages>170-181</pages><issn>0042-6822</issn><eissn>1096-0341</eissn><abstract>To investigate the phenotypic evolution of West Nile virus (WNV) in California, we competed sixteen isolates made during 2007–08 against COAV997-5nt, a genetically marked clone from the founding 2003 California isolate COAV997-2003. Using in vivo fitness competitions in House Finches (HOFI) and Culex tarsalis mosquitoes, we found that the majority of WNV WN02 and SW03 genotype isolates exhibited elevated replicative fitness in both hosts compared to COAV997-5nt. Increased replicative capacity in HOFIs was not associated with increased mortality, indicating that these isolates had not gained avian virulence. One WN02 isolate from Coachella Valley, a region geographically close to the isolation of COAV997, showed neutral fitness in HOFIs and reduced fitness in Cx. tarsalis. Two isolates from Kern County and Sacramento/Yolo County out-competed COAV997-nt in HOFIs, but were transmitted less efficiently by Cx. tarsalis. Competition demonstrated neutral or increased fitness that appeared independent of both WN02 and SW03 genotypes.
•Strains of WNV isolated in 2007–2008 were competed in vivo against a genetically marked clone from the founding strain isolated in 2003.•Both WN02 and SW03 genotypes exhibited elevated fitness.•Viremias in House finches were dominated by a single strain.•Although Culex tarsalis frequently were infected by both competing strains, only one strain was transmitted successfully.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>29195094</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.virol.2017.11.017</doi><tpages>12</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animals California Competitive fitness Culex - virology Evolution Finches Genotype Humans Insect Vectors - virology Invasion Open Reading Frames Phenotype Phylogeny Virus Replication West Nile Fever - transmission West Nile Fever - virology West Nile virus West Nile virus - classification West Nile virus - genetics West Nile virus - isolation & purification West Nile virus - physiology |
title | Increases in the competitive fitness of West Nile virus isolates after introduction into California |
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