The effect of fluorosis on human teeth under light microscopy: A cross-sectional study
Fluoride is needed for the normal development of bone and teeth; in high levels, it affects developing teeth and bone. Dental fluorosis (DF) is caused by ingestion of excess fluoride mainly through drinking water. The present study aims to observe and understand the histological changes of fluorosed...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of oral and maxillofacial pathology : JOMFP 2017-09, Vol.21 (3), p.345-350 |
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| description | Fluoride is needed for the normal development of bone and teeth; in high levels, it affects developing teeth and bone. Dental fluorosis (DF) is caused by ingestion of excess fluoride mainly through drinking water.
The present study aims to observe and understand the histological changes of fluorosed teeth under light microscope (LM).
Teeth which were indicated for extractions for orthodontic or periodontal problems were selected. Thirty extracted teeth were selected with varying degrees of DF based on modified Dean's fluorosis index. Ground sections of these teeth were prepared and the sections were studied under binocular LM. Photomicrographs were taken under high power objective using 15 megapixels Nikon camera.
Qualitative histologic changes in different grades of fluorosed teeth were evaluated in enamel, dentin, cementum and between their junctions. Fluoride interacts with enamel in both mineral phases and organic macromolecules by strong ionic and hydrogen bonds resulting in incomplete crystal growth at prism peripheries. This presents as hypomineralization of enamel and dentin, increased interglobular dentin, increased secondary curvatures and changes in cementum such as diffuse cementodentinal junction and increased thickness of Tomes' granular layer. Changes in the structure of the teeth with Dean's index below 2 and teeth with Dean's index of 2 and above were compared using Chi-square test.
value was found to be highly significant being 0.00047. Many of the features of dental fluorosis seen in the present study under light microscope are comparable to those results studied under specialized microscopes. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.4103/jomfp.JOMFP_247_16 |
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The present study aims to observe and understand the histological changes of fluorosed teeth under light microscope (LM).
Teeth which were indicated for extractions for orthodontic or periodontal problems were selected. Thirty extracted teeth were selected with varying degrees of DF based on modified Dean's fluorosis index. Ground sections of these teeth were prepared and the sections were studied under binocular LM. Photomicrographs were taken under high power objective using 15 megapixels Nikon camera.
Qualitative histologic changes in different grades of fluorosed teeth were evaluated in enamel, dentin, cementum and between their junctions. Fluoride interacts with enamel in both mineral phases and organic macromolecules by strong ionic and hydrogen bonds resulting in incomplete crystal growth at prism peripheries. This presents as hypomineralization of enamel and dentin, increased interglobular dentin, increased secondary curvatures and changes in cementum such as diffuse cementodentinal junction and increased thickness of Tomes' granular layer. Changes in the structure of the teeth with Dean's index below 2 and teeth with Dean's index of 2 and above were compared using Chi-square test.
value was found to be highly significant being 0.00047. Many of the features of dental fluorosis seen in the present study under light microscope are comparable to those results studied under specialized microscopes.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0973-029X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1998-393X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.JOMFP_247_16</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29391706</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>India: Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd</publisher><subject>Analysis ; Cementum ; Cross-sectional studies ; Dental enamel ; Dental fluorosis ; Dentin ; Dentistry ; Drinking water ; Enamel ; Fluoridation ; Fluorides ; Fluorosis ; Growth ; Health aspects ; Hydrogen bonding ; Light ; Macromolecules ; Micrography ; Microscopes ; Microscopy ; Mineralization ; Original ; Orthodontics ; Pathology ; Periodontics ; Teeth</subject><ispartof>Journal of oral and maxillofacial pathology : JOMFP, 2017-09, Vol.21 (3), p.345-350</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2017 Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd.</rights><rights>Copyright Medknow Publications & Media Pvt. Ltd. Sep/Dec 2017</rights><rights>Copyright: © 2017 Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2017</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4126-c83e6445e76f9e169056760dc124dfafb9dbdd0132aaf2ac21f8d972484b9763</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5763854/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5763854/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29391706$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ramesh, Maya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Narasimhan, Malathi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Krishnan, Ramesh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aruna, Rita Mary</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kuruvilla, Sarah</creatorcontrib><title>The effect of fluorosis on human teeth under light microscopy: A cross-sectional study</title><title>Journal of oral and maxillofacial pathology : JOMFP</title><addtitle>J Oral Maxillofac Pathol</addtitle><description>Fluoride is needed for the normal development of bone and teeth; in high levels, it affects developing teeth and bone. Dental fluorosis (DF) is caused by ingestion of excess fluoride mainly through drinking water.
The present study aims to observe and understand the histological changes of fluorosed teeth under light microscope (LM).
Teeth which were indicated for extractions for orthodontic or periodontal problems were selected. Thirty extracted teeth were selected with varying degrees of DF based on modified Dean's fluorosis index. Ground sections of these teeth were prepared and the sections were studied under binocular LM. Photomicrographs were taken under high power objective using 15 megapixels Nikon camera.
Qualitative histologic changes in different grades of fluorosed teeth were evaluated in enamel, dentin, cementum and between their junctions. Fluoride interacts with enamel in both mineral phases and organic macromolecules by strong ionic and hydrogen bonds resulting in incomplete crystal growth at prism peripheries. This presents as hypomineralization of enamel and dentin, increased interglobular dentin, increased secondary curvatures and changes in cementum such as diffuse cementodentinal junction and increased thickness of Tomes' granular layer. Changes in the structure of the teeth with Dean's index below 2 and teeth with Dean's index of 2 and above were compared using Chi-square test.
value was found to be highly significant being 0.00047. Many of the features of dental fluorosis seen in the present study under light microscope are comparable to those results studied under specialized microscopes.</description><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Cementum</subject><subject>Cross-sectional studies</subject><subject>Dental enamel</subject><subject>Dental fluorosis</subject><subject>Dentin</subject><subject>Dentistry</subject><subject>Drinking water</subject><subject>Enamel</subject><subject>Fluoridation</subject><subject>Fluorides</subject><subject>Fluorosis</subject><subject>Growth</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Hydrogen bonding</subject><subject>Light</subject><subject>Macromolecules</subject><subject>Micrography</subject><subject>Microscopes</subject><subject>Microscopy</subject><subject>Mineralization</subject><subject>Original</subject><subject>Orthodontics</subject><subject>Pathology</subject><subject>Periodontics</subject><subject>Teeth</subject><issn>0973-029X</issn><issn>1998-393X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNptkl1rFDEUhoModq3-AS8k4E1vZs3XZBIvhKVYP6jUi0V6F7LJyU6Wmck6mRH235tta21FEkhInvcN581B6DUlS0EJf7dLfdgvv159u_humGgMlU_QgmqtKq759VO0ILrhFWH6-gS9yHlHSK1EzZ6jE6a5pg2RC_Rj3QKGEMBNOAUcujmNKceM04DbubcDngCmFs-DhxF3cdtOuI-uMC7tD-_xCh_3ucrFIKbBdjhPsz-8RM-C7TK8ultP0fri4_r8c3V59enL-eqycoIyWTnFQQpRQyODBio1qWUjiXeUCR9s2Gi_8Z5QzqwNzDpGg_K6YUKJjW4kP0Ufbm3386YH72CYRtuZ_Rh7Ox5MstE8vhlia7bpl6mLWNWiGJzdGYzp5wx5Mn3MDrrODpDmbEqavEyqeUHf_oPu0jyWio9UowWnSum_1NZ2YOIQUnnXHU3NqqZaiYYpVqjlf6gyPJRw0wAhlvNHAnYruEl7hHBfIyXm2AzmphnMw2YoojcP07mX_Pl9_htLAbJM</recordid><startdate>20170901</startdate><enddate>20170901</enddate><creator>Ramesh, Maya</creator><creator>Narasimhan, Malathi</creator><creator>Krishnan, Ramesh</creator><creator>Aruna, Rita Mary</creator><creator>Kuruvilla, Sarah</creator><general>Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. 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Krishnan, Ramesh ; Aruna, Rita Mary ; Kuruvilla, Sarah</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4126-c83e6445e76f9e169056760dc124dfafb9dbdd0132aaf2ac21f8d972484b9763</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Cementum</topic><topic>Cross-sectional studies</topic><topic>Dental enamel</topic><topic>Dental fluorosis</topic><topic>Dentin</topic><topic>Dentistry</topic><topic>Drinking water</topic><topic>Enamel</topic><topic>Fluoridation</topic><topic>Fluorides</topic><topic>Fluorosis</topic><topic>Growth</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Hydrogen bonding</topic><topic>Light</topic><topic>Macromolecules</topic><topic>Micrography</topic><topic>Microscopes</topic><topic>Microscopy</topic><topic>Mineralization</topic><topic>Original</topic><topic>Orthodontics</topic><topic>Pathology</topic><topic>Periodontics</topic><topic>Teeth</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ramesh, Maya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Narasimhan, Malathi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Krishnan, Ramesh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aruna, Rita Mary</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kuruvilla, Sarah</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Access via ProQuest (Open Access)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Journal of oral and maxillofacial pathology : JOMFP</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ramesh, Maya</au><au>Narasimhan, Malathi</au><au>Krishnan, Ramesh</au><au>Aruna, Rita Mary</au><au>Kuruvilla, Sarah</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The effect of fluorosis on human teeth under light microscopy: A cross-sectional study</atitle><jtitle>Journal of oral and maxillofacial pathology : JOMFP</jtitle><addtitle>J Oral Maxillofac Pathol</addtitle><date>2017-09-01</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>21</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>345</spage><epage>350</epage><pages>345-350</pages><issn>0973-029X</issn><eissn>1998-393X</eissn><abstract>Fluoride is needed for the normal development of bone and teeth; in high levels, it affects developing teeth and bone. Dental fluorosis (DF) is caused by ingestion of excess fluoride mainly through drinking water.
The present study aims to observe and understand the histological changes of fluorosed teeth under light microscope (LM).
Teeth which were indicated for extractions for orthodontic or periodontal problems were selected. Thirty extracted teeth were selected with varying degrees of DF based on modified Dean's fluorosis index. Ground sections of these teeth were prepared and the sections were studied under binocular LM. Photomicrographs were taken under high power objective using 15 megapixels Nikon camera.
Qualitative histologic changes in different grades of fluorosed teeth were evaluated in enamel, dentin, cementum and between their junctions. Fluoride interacts with enamel in both mineral phases and organic macromolecules by strong ionic and hydrogen bonds resulting in incomplete crystal growth at prism peripheries. This presents as hypomineralization of enamel and dentin, increased interglobular dentin, increased secondary curvatures and changes in cementum such as diffuse cementodentinal junction and increased thickness of Tomes' granular layer. Changes in the structure of the teeth with Dean's index below 2 and teeth with Dean's index of 2 and above were compared using Chi-square test.
value was found to be highly significant being 0.00047. Many of the features of dental fluorosis seen in the present study under light microscope are comparable to those results studied under specialized microscopes.</abstract><cop>India</cop><pub>Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd</pub><pmid>29391706</pmid><doi>10.4103/jomfp.JOMFP_247_16</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 0973-029X |
| ispartof | Journal of oral and maxillofacial pathology : JOMFP, 2017-09, Vol.21 (3), p.345-350 |
| issn | 0973-029X 1998-393X |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_5763854 |
| source | Medknow Open Access Medical Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central Open Access; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Analysis Cementum Cross-sectional studies Dental enamel Dental fluorosis Dentin Dentistry Drinking water Enamel Fluoridation Fluorides Fluorosis Growth Health aspects Hydrogen bonding Light Macromolecules Micrography Microscopes Microscopy Mineralization Original Orthodontics Pathology Periodontics Teeth |
| title | The effect of fluorosis on human teeth under light microscopy: A cross-sectional study |
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