Larvivorous fish for preventing malaria transmission
Background Adult female Anopheles mosquitoes can transmit Plasmodium parasites that cause malaria. Some fish species eat mosquito larvae and pupae. In disease control policy documents, the World Health Organization (WHO) includes biological control of malaria vectors by stocking ponds, rivers, and w...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Cochrane database of systematic reviews 2017-12, Vol.2017 (12), p.CD008090-CD008090 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | CD008090 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 12 |
| container_start_page | CD008090 |
| container_title | Cochrane database of systematic reviews |
| container_volume | 2017 |
| creator | Walshe, Deirdre P Garner, Paul Adeel, Ahmed A Pyke, Graham H Burkot, Thomas R Burkot, Thomas R |
| description | Background
Adult female Anopheles mosquitoes can transmit Plasmodium parasites that cause malaria. Some fish species eat mosquito larvae and pupae. In disease control policy documents, the World Health Organization (WHO) includes biological control of malaria vectors by stocking ponds, rivers, and water collections near where people live with larvivorous fish to reduce Plasmodium parasite transmission. In the past, the Global Fund has financed larvivorous fish programmes in some countries, and, with increasing efforts in eradication of malaria, policymakers may return to this option. Therefore, we assessed the evidence base for larvivorous fish programmes in malaria control.
Objectives
To evaluate whether introducing larvivorous fish to anopheline larval habitats impacts Plasmodium parasite transmission. We also sought to summarize studies that evaluated whether introducing larvivorous fish influences the density and presence of Anopheles larvae and pupae in water sources.
Search methods
We searched the Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group Specialized Register; the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), published in the Cochrane Library; MEDLINE (PubMed); Embase (Ovid); CABS s; LILACS; and the metaRegister of Controlled Trials (mRCT) up to 6 July 2017. We checked the reference lists of all studies identified by the search. We examined references listed in review articles and previously compiled bibliographies to look for eligible studies. Also we contacted researchers in the field and the authors of studies that met the inclusion criteria for additional information regarding potential studies for inclusion and ongoing studies. This is an update of a Cochrane Review published in 2013.
Selection criteria
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non‐RCTs, including controlled before‐and‐after studies, controlled time series, and controlled interrupted time series studies from malaria‐endemic regions that introduced fish as a larvicide and reported on malaria in the community or the density of the adult anopheline population. In the absence of direct evidence of an effect on transmission, we performed a secondary analysis on studies that evaluated the effect of introducing larvivorous fish on the density or presence of immature anopheline mosquitoes (larvae and pupae forms) in water sources to determine whether this intervention has any potential that may justify further research in the control of malaria vectors.
Data collection and analysis
T |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/14651858.CD008090.pub3 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_5741835</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1975592119</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3883-a44045f0116c65f88c76bcf47d4cda98b7915d0a8b67d7a0e14a621a3ae8e10b3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFUMtOwzAQtBCIlsIvVDlySbET27EvSFCeUiUucLY2jtMaJXGx26L-Pa76UOHCaVea2ZmdQWhI8IhgnN0QyhkRTIzGDxgLLPFovizzE9TfAOkGOT3ae-gihE-Mcy6z4hz1MpllXDLZR3QCfmVXzrtlSGobZkntfDL3ZmW6he2mSQsNeAvJwkMXWhuCdd0lOquhCeZqNwfo4-nxffySTt6eX8d3k1TnQuQpUIopqzEhXHNWC6ELXuqaFhXVFUhRFpKwCoMoeVEVgA2hwDMCORhhCC7zAbrd6sZsral0fMlDo-betuDXyoFVv5HOztTUrRQrKBE5iwLXOwHvvpYmLFRMoE3TQGdiYEVkwZjMCJGRyrdU7V0I3tQHG4LVpnK1r1ztK9-Y5_FwePzk4WzfcSTcbwnftjFrpZ2exS7NP7p_XH4A0OCSug</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1975592119</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Larvivorous fish for preventing malaria transmission</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><source>EZB Electronic Journals Library</source><source>Cochrane Library</source><creator>Walshe, Deirdre P ; Garner, Paul ; Adeel, Ahmed A ; Pyke, Graham H ; Burkot, Thomas R ; Burkot, Thomas R</creator><creatorcontrib>Walshe, Deirdre P ; Garner, Paul ; Adeel, Ahmed A ; Pyke, Graham H ; Burkot, Thomas R ; Burkot, Thomas R</creatorcontrib><description>Background
Adult female Anopheles mosquitoes can transmit Plasmodium parasites that cause malaria. Some fish species eat mosquito larvae and pupae. In disease control policy documents, the World Health Organization (WHO) includes biological control of malaria vectors by stocking ponds, rivers, and water collections near where people live with larvivorous fish to reduce Plasmodium parasite transmission. In the past, the Global Fund has financed larvivorous fish programmes in some countries, and, with increasing efforts in eradication of malaria, policymakers may return to this option. Therefore, we assessed the evidence base for larvivorous fish programmes in malaria control.
Objectives
To evaluate whether introducing larvivorous fish to anopheline larval habitats impacts Plasmodium parasite transmission. We also sought to summarize studies that evaluated whether introducing larvivorous fish influences the density and presence of Anopheles larvae and pupae in water sources.
Search methods
We searched the Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group Specialized Register; the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), published in the Cochrane Library; MEDLINE (PubMed); Embase (Ovid); CABS s; LILACS; and the metaRegister of Controlled Trials (mRCT) up to 6 July 2017. We checked the reference lists of all studies identified by the search. We examined references listed in review articles and previously compiled bibliographies to look for eligible studies. Also we contacted researchers in the field and the authors of studies that met the inclusion criteria for additional information regarding potential studies for inclusion and ongoing studies. This is an update of a Cochrane Review published in 2013.
Selection criteria
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non‐RCTs, including controlled before‐and‐after studies, controlled time series, and controlled interrupted time series studies from malaria‐endemic regions that introduced fish as a larvicide and reported on malaria in the community or the density of the adult anopheline population. In the absence of direct evidence of an effect on transmission, we performed a secondary analysis on studies that evaluated the effect of introducing larvivorous fish on the density or presence of immature anopheline mosquitoes (larvae and pupae forms) in water sources to determine whether this intervention has any potential that may justify further research in the control of malaria vectors.
Data collection and analysis
Two review authors independently screened each article by title and , and examined potentially relevant studies for inclusion using an eligibility form. At least two review authors independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias of included studies. If relevant data were unclear or were not reported, we contacted the study authors for clarification. We presented data in tables, and we summarized studies that evaluated the effects of introducing fish on anopheline immature density or presence, or both. We used the GRADE approach to summarize the certainty of the evidence. We also examined whether the included studies reported any possible adverse impact of introducing larvivorous fish on non‐target native species.
Main results
We identified no studies that reported the effects of introducing larvivorous fish on the primary outcomes of this review: malaria infection in nearby communities, entomological inoculation rate, or on adult Anopheles density.
For the secondary analysis, we examined the effects of introducing larvivorous fish on the density and presence of anopheline larvae and pupae in community water sources, and found 15 small studies with a follow‐up period between 22 days and five years. These studies were undertaken in Sri Lanka (two studies), India (three studies), Ethiopia (one study), Kenya (two studies), Sudan (one study), Grande Comore Island (one study), Korea (two studies), Indonesia (one study), and Tajikistan (two studies). These studies were conducted in a variety of settings, including localized water bodies (such as wells, domestic water containers, fishponds, and pools (seven studies); riverbed pools below dams (two studies)); rice field plots (five studies); and water canals (two studies). All included studies were at high risk of bias. The research was insufficient to determine whether larvivorous fish reduce the density of Anopheles larvae and pupae (12 studies, unpooled data, very low certainty evidence). Some studies with high stocking levels of fish seemed to arrest the increase in immature anopheline populations, or to reduce the number of immature anopheline mosquitoes, compared with controls. However, this finding was not consistent, and in studies that showed a decrease in immature anopheline populations, the effect was not always consistently sustained. In contrast, some studies reported larvivorous fish reduced the number of water sources withAnopheles larvae and pupae (five studies, unpooled data, low certainty evidence).
None of the included studies reported effects of larvivorous fish on local native fish populations or other species.
Authors' conclusions
We do not know whether introducing larvivorous fish reduces malaria transmission or the density of adult anopheline mosquito populations.
In research studies that examined the effects on immature anopheline stages of introducing fish to potential malaria vector larval habitats, high stocking levels of fish may reduce the density or presence of immature anopheline mosquitoes in the short term. We do not know whether this translates into impact on malaria transmission. Our interpretation of the current evidence is that countries should not invest in fish stocking as a stand alone or supplementary larval control measure in any malaria transmission areas outside the context of research using carefully controlled field studies or quasi‐experimental designs. Such research should examine the effects on native fish and other non‐target species.
12 April 2019
Up to date
All studies incorporated from most recent search
All eligible published studies found in the last search (6 Jul, 2017) were included</description><identifier>ISSN: 1465-1858</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1465-1858</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1469-493X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD008090.pub3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29226959</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd</publisher><subject>Animals ; Anopheles ; Anopheles - parasitology ; Child health ; Disease Reservoirs ; Disease Reservoirs - parasitology ; Disease Vectors ; Feeding Behavior ; Fishes ; Infectious disease ; Larva ; Malaria ; Malaria - prevention & control ; Malaria - transmission ; Malaria: prevention ; Medicine General & Introductory Medical Sciences ; Mosquito Control ; Mosquito Control - methods ; Plasmodium ; Population Density ; Prevention ; Vector Control ; Water ; Water - parasitology</subject><ispartof>Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2017-12, Vol.2017 (12), p.CD008090-CD008090</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. on behalf of The Cochrane Collaboration.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3883-a44045f0116c65f88c76bcf47d4cda98b7915d0a8b67d7a0e14a621a3ae8e10b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3883-a44045f0116c65f88c76bcf47d4cda98b7915d0a8b67d7a0e14a621a3ae8e10b3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29226959$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Walshe, Deirdre P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garner, Paul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adeel, Ahmed A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pyke, Graham H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burkot, Thomas R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burkot, Thomas R</creatorcontrib><title>Larvivorous fish for preventing malaria transmission</title><title>Cochrane database of systematic reviews</title><addtitle>Cochrane Database Syst Rev</addtitle><description>Background
Adult female Anopheles mosquitoes can transmit Plasmodium parasites that cause malaria. Some fish species eat mosquito larvae and pupae. In disease control policy documents, the World Health Organization (WHO) includes biological control of malaria vectors by stocking ponds, rivers, and water collections near where people live with larvivorous fish to reduce Plasmodium parasite transmission. In the past, the Global Fund has financed larvivorous fish programmes in some countries, and, with increasing efforts in eradication of malaria, policymakers may return to this option. Therefore, we assessed the evidence base for larvivorous fish programmes in malaria control.
Objectives
To evaluate whether introducing larvivorous fish to anopheline larval habitats impacts Plasmodium parasite transmission. We also sought to summarize studies that evaluated whether introducing larvivorous fish influences the density and presence of Anopheles larvae and pupae in water sources.
Search methods
We searched the Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group Specialized Register; the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), published in the Cochrane Library; MEDLINE (PubMed); Embase (Ovid); CABS s; LILACS; and the metaRegister of Controlled Trials (mRCT) up to 6 July 2017. We checked the reference lists of all studies identified by the search. We examined references listed in review articles and previously compiled bibliographies to look for eligible studies. Also we contacted researchers in the field and the authors of studies that met the inclusion criteria for additional information regarding potential studies for inclusion and ongoing studies. This is an update of a Cochrane Review published in 2013.
Selection criteria
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non‐RCTs, including controlled before‐and‐after studies, controlled time series, and controlled interrupted time series studies from malaria‐endemic regions that introduced fish as a larvicide and reported on malaria in the community or the density of the adult anopheline population. In the absence of direct evidence of an effect on transmission, we performed a secondary analysis on studies that evaluated the effect of introducing larvivorous fish on the density or presence of immature anopheline mosquitoes (larvae and pupae forms) in water sources to determine whether this intervention has any potential that may justify further research in the control of malaria vectors.
Data collection and analysis
Two review authors independently screened each article by title and , and examined potentially relevant studies for inclusion using an eligibility form. At least two review authors independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias of included studies. If relevant data were unclear or were not reported, we contacted the study authors for clarification. We presented data in tables, and we summarized studies that evaluated the effects of introducing fish on anopheline immature density or presence, or both. We used the GRADE approach to summarize the certainty of the evidence. We also examined whether the included studies reported any possible adverse impact of introducing larvivorous fish on non‐target native species.
Main results
We identified no studies that reported the effects of introducing larvivorous fish on the primary outcomes of this review: malaria infection in nearby communities, entomological inoculation rate, or on adult Anopheles density.
For the secondary analysis, we examined the effects of introducing larvivorous fish on the density and presence of anopheline larvae and pupae in community water sources, and found 15 small studies with a follow‐up period between 22 days and five years. These studies were undertaken in Sri Lanka (two studies), India (three studies), Ethiopia (one study), Kenya (two studies), Sudan (one study), Grande Comore Island (one study), Korea (two studies), Indonesia (one study), and Tajikistan (two studies). These studies were conducted in a variety of settings, including localized water bodies (such as wells, domestic water containers, fishponds, and pools (seven studies); riverbed pools below dams (two studies)); rice field plots (five studies); and water canals (two studies). All included studies were at high risk of bias. The research was insufficient to determine whether larvivorous fish reduce the density of Anopheles larvae and pupae (12 studies, unpooled data, very low certainty evidence). Some studies with high stocking levels of fish seemed to arrest the increase in immature anopheline populations, or to reduce the number of immature anopheline mosquitoes, compared with controls. However, this finding was not consistent, and in studies that showed a decrease in immature anopheline populations, the effect was not always consistently sustained. In contrast, some studies reported larvivorous fish reduced the number of water sources withAnopheles larvae and pupae (five studies, unpooled data, low certainty evidence).
None of the included studies reported effects of larvivorous fish on local native fish populations or other species.
Authors' conclusions
We do not know whether introducing larvivorous fish reduces malaria transmission or the density of adult anopheline mosquito populations.
In research studies that examined the effects on immature anopheline stages of introducing fish to potential malaria vector larval habitats, high stocking levels of fish may reduce the density or presence of immature anopheline mosquitoes in the short term. We do not know whether this translates into impact on malaria transmission. Our interpretation of the current evidence is that countries should not invest in fish stocking as a stand alone or supplementary larval control measure in any malaria transmission areas outside the context of research using carefully controlled field studies or quasi‐experimental designs. Such research should examine the effects on native fish and other non‐target species.
12 April 2019
Up to date
All studies incorporated from most recent search
All eligible published studies found in the last search (6 Jul, 2017) were included</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anopheles</subject><subject>Anopheles - parasitology</subject><subject>Child health</subject><subject>Disease Reservoirs</subject><subject>Disease Reservoirs - parasitology</subject><subject>Disease Vectors</subject><subject>Feeding Behavior</subject><subject>Fishes</subject><subject>Infectious disease</subject><subject>Larva</subject><subject>Malaria</subject><subject>Malaria - prevention & control</subject><subject>Malaria - transmission</subject><subject>Malaria: prevention</subject><subject>Medicine General & Introductory Medical Sciences</subject><subject>Mosquito Control</subject><subject>Mosquito Control - methods</subject><subject>Plasmodium</subject><subject>Population Density</subject><subject>Prevention</subject><subject>Vector Control</subject><subject>Water</subject><subject>Water - parasitology</subject><issn>1465-1858</issn><issn>1465-1858</issn><issn>1469-493X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RWY</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFUMtOwzAQtBCIlsIvVDlySbET27EvSFCeUiUucLY2jtMaJXGx26L-Pa76UOHCaVea2ZmdQWhI8IhgnN0QyhkRTIzGDxgLLPFovizzE9TfAOkGOT3ae-gihE-Mcy6z4hz1MpllXDLZR3QCfmVXzrtlSGobZkntfDL3ZmW6he2mSQsNeAvJwkMXWhuCdd0lOquhCeZqNwfo4-nxffySTt6eX8d3k1TnQuQpUIopqzEhXHNWC6ELXuqaFhXVFUhRFpKwCoMoeVEVgA2hwDMCORhhCC7zAbrd6sZsral0fMlDo-betuDXyoFVv5HOztTUrRQrKBE5iwLXOwHvvpYmLFRMoE3TQGdiYEVkwZjMCJGRyrdU7V0I3tQHG4LVpnK1r1ztK9-Y5_FwePzk4WzfcSTcbwnftjFrpZ2exS7NP7p_XH4A0OCSug</recordid><startdate>20171211</startdate><enddate>20171211</enddate><creator>Walshe, Deirdre P</creator><creator>Garner, Paul</creator><creator>Adeel, Ahmed A</creator><creator>Pyke, Graham H</creator><creator>Burkot, Thomas R</creator><creator>Burkot, Thomas R</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons, Ltd</general><scope>7PX</scope><scope>RWY</scope><scope>ZYTZH</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20171211</creationdate><title>Larvivorous fish for preventing malaria transmission</title><author>Walshe, Deirdre P ; Garner, Paul ; Adeel, Ahmed A ; Pyke, Graham H ; Burkot, Thomas R ; Burkot, Thomas R</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3883-a44045f0116c65f88c76bcf47d4cda98b7915d0a8b67d7a0e14a621a3ae8e10b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Anopheles</topic><topic>Anopheles - parasitology</topic><topic>Child health</topic><topic>Disease Reservoirs</topic><topic>Disease Reservoirs - parasitology</topic><topic>Disease Vectors</topic><topic>Feeding Behavior</topic><topic>Fishes</topic><topic>Infectious disease</topic><topic>Larva</topic><topic>Malaria</topic><topic>Malaria - prevention & control</topic><topic>Malaria - transmission</topic><topic>Malaria: prevention</topic><topic>Medicine General & Introductory Medical Sciences</topic><topic>Mosquito Control</topic><topic>Mosquito Control - methods</topic><topic>Plasmodium</topic><topic>Population Density</topic><topic>Prevention</topic><topic>Vector Control</topic><topic>Water</topic><topic>Water - parasitology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Walshe, Deirdre P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garner, Paul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adeel, Ahmed A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pyke, Graham H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burkot, Thomas R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burkot, Thomas R</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley-Blackwell Cochrane Library</collection><collection>Cochrane Library</collection><collection>Cochrane Library (Open Aceess)</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Cochrane database of systematic reviews</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Walshe, Deirdre P</au><au>Garner, Paul</au><au>Adeel, Ahmed A</au><au>Pyke, Graham H</au><au>Burkot, Thomas R</au><au>Burkot, Thomas R</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Larvivorous fish for preventing malaria transmission</atitle><jtitle>Cochrane database of systematic reviews</jtitle><addtitle>Cochrane Database Syst Rev</addtitle><date>2017-12-11</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>2017</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>CD008090</spage><epage>CD008090</epage><pages>CD008090-CD008090</pages><issn>1465-1858</issn><eissn>1465-1858</eissn><eissn>1469-493X</eissn><abstract>Background
Adult female Anopheles mosquitoes can transmit Plasmodium parasites that cause malaria. Some fish species eat mosquito larvae and pupae. In disease control policy documents, the World Health Organization (WHO) includes biological control of malaria vectors by stocking ponds, rivers, and water collections near where people live with larvivorous fish to reduce Plasmodium parasite transmission. In the past, the Global Fund has financed larvivorous fish programmes in some countries, and, with increasing efforts in eradication of malaria, policymakers may return to this option. Therefore, we assessed the evidence base for larvivorous fish programmes in malaria control.
Objectives
To evaluate whether introducing larvivorous fish to anopheline larval habitats impacts Plasmodium parasite transmission. We also sought to summarize studies that evaluated whether introducing larvivorous fish influences the density and presence of Anopheles larvae and pupae in water sources.
Search methods
We searched the Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group Specialized Register; the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), published in the Cochrane Library; MEDLINE (PubMed); Embase (Ovid); CABS s; LILACS; and the metaRegister of Controlled Trials (mRCT) up to 6 July 2017. We checked the reference lists of all studies identified by the search. We examined references listed in review articles and previously compiled bibliographies to look for eligible studies. Also we contacted researchers in the field and the authors of studies that met the inclusion criteria for additional information regarding potential studies for inclusion and ongoing studies. This is an update of a Cochrane Review published in 2013.
Selection criteria
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non‐RCTs, including controlled before‐and‐after studies, controlled time series, and controlled interrupted time series studies from malaria‐endemic regions that introduced fish as a larvicide and reported on malaria in the community or the density of the adult anopheline population. In the absence of direct evidence of an effect on transmission, we performed a secondary analysis on studies that evaluated the effect of introducing larvivorous fish on the density or presence of immature anopheline mosquitoes (larvae and pupae forms) in water sources to determine whether this intervention has any potential that may justify further research in the control of malaria vectors.
Data collection and analysis
Two review authors independently screened each article by title and , and examined potentially relevant studies for inclusion using an eligibility form. At least two review authors independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias of included studies. If relevant data were unclear or were not reported, we contacted the study authors for clarification. We presented data in tables, and we summarized studies that evaluated the effects of introducing fish on anopheline immature density or presence, or both. We used the GRADE approach to summarize the certainty of the evidence. We also examined whether the included studies reported any possible adverse impact of introducing larvivorous fish on non‐target native species.
Main results
We identified no studies that reported the effects of introducing larvivorous fish on the primary outcomes of this review: malaria infection in nearby communities, entomological inoculation rate, or on adult Anopheles density.
For the secondary analysis, we examined the effects of introducing larvivorous fish on the density and presence of anopheline larvae and pupae in community water sources, and found 15 small studies with a follow‐up period between 22 days and five years. These studies were undertaken in Sri Lanka (two studies), India (three studies), Ethiopia (one study), Kenya (two studies), Sudan (one study), Grande Comore Island (one study), Korea (two studies), Indonesia (one study), and Tajikistan (two studies). These studies were conducted in a variety of settings, including localized water bodies (such as wells, domestic water containers, fishponds, and pools (seven studies); riverbed pools below dams (two studies)); rice field plots (five studies); and water canals (two studies). All included studies were at high risk of bias. The research was insufficient to determine whether larvivorous fish reduce the density of Anopheles larvae and pupae (12 studies, unpooled data, very low certainty evidence). Some studies with high stocking levels of fish seemed to arrest the increase in immature anopheline populations, or to reduce the number of immature anopheline mosquitoes, compared with controls. However, this finding was not consistent, and in studies that showed a decrease in immature anopheline populations, the effect was not always consistently sustained. In contrast, some studies reported larvivorous fish reduced the number of water sources withAnopheles larvae and pupae (five studies, unpooled data, low certainty evidence).
None of the included studies reported effects of larvivorous fish on local native fish populations or other species.
Authors' conclusions
We do not know whether introducing larvivorous fish reduces malaria transmission or the density of adult anopheline mosquito populations.
In research studies that examined the effects on immature anopheline stages of introducing fish to potential malaria vector larval habitats, high stocking levels of fish may reduce the density or presence of immature anopheline mosquitoes in the short term. We do not know whether this translates into impact on malaria transmission. Our interpretation of the current evidence is that countries should not invest in fish stocking as a stand alone or supplementary larval control measure in any malaria transmission areas outside the context of research using carefully controlled field studies or quasi‐experimental designs. Such research should examine the effects on native fish and other non‐target species.
12 April 2019
Up to date
All studies incorporated from most recent search
All eligible published studies found in the last search (6 Jul, 2017) were included</abstract><cop>Chichester, UK</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons, Ltd</pub><pmid>29226959</pmid><doi>10.1002/14651858.CD008090.pub3</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1465-1858 |
| ispartof | Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2017-12, Vol.2017 (12), p.CD008090-CD008090 |
| issn | 1465-1858 1465-1858 1469-493X |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_5741835 |
| source | MEDLINE; Alma/SFX Local Collection; EZB Electronic Journals Library; Cochrane Library |
| subjects | Animals Anopheles Anopheles - parasitology Child health Disease Reservoirs Disease Reservoirs - parasitology Disease Vectors Feeding Behavior Fishes Infectious disease Larva Malaria Malaria - prevention & control Malaria - transmission Malaria: prevention Medicine General & Introductory Medical Sciences Mosquito Control Mosquito Control - methods Plasmodium Population Density Prevention Vector Control Water Water - parasitology |
| title | Larvivorous fish for preventing malaria transmission |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-28T11%3A35%3A52IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Larvivorous%20fish%20for%20preventing%20malaria%20transmission&rft.jtitle=Cochrane%20database%20of%20systematic%20reviews&rft.au=Walshe,%20Deirdre%20P&rft.date=2017-12-11&rft.volume=2017&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=CD008090&rft.epage=CD008090&rft.pages=CD008090-CD008090&rft.issn=1465-1858&rft.eissn=1465-1858&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002/14651858.CD008090.pub3&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_pubme%3E1975592119%3C/proquest_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1975592119&rft_id=info:pmid/29226959&rfr_iscdi=true |